Showing papers on "Expansionism published in 1980"

A system of problems and how to deal with it

Abstract: Ackoff in his Redesigning the Futureargues in favor of a shift of paradigm toward an emphasis on synthesis, expansionism, and teleology. This paper is an explorative discussion of the effects of thisparadigm on the modeling and problem-solving methodology when dealing with a production planning problem that is shown to represent a system of problems.

U.S.-Latin American Relations Under the Carter Administration

Abstract: : While other regions of the world dominated the attention of the American public and the time of the Carter Administration, historic changes occurred in Latin America. In October 1979 the new Panama Canal Treaties went into effect and in July 1979 the 42-year Somoza dynasty in Nicaragua fell to the Sandinistas. Just as important, though less dramatic and volatile, was Mexico's rise to the stature of a world 'oil power.' Bringing to an end the long and controversial process of ratifying the Panama treaties was a significant accomplishment for the Carter Administration. The treaties also came to represent a milestone in U.S.-Latin American relations. However, this euphoria of accomplishment was overcome by a series of policy challenges: Mexican intransigence in negotiating bilateral issues, human rights confrontations with Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and Guatemala, constitutional crises in the Dominican Republic and Bolivia, the Soviet military presence in Cuba and Cuban expansionism in the Caribbean Basin, the fall of Somoza, and the civil war in El Salvador. With respect to Mexico there is almost universal agreement, among experts and laymen alike, that Mexican oil and gas reserves are significant for U.S. interests and that the Carter Adminisitration performance in this area left much to be desired.

On Understanding American Foreign Policy: Will the Real Explanation Please Identify Itself?

Abstract: Richard K Betts Soldiers, Statesmen and Cold War Crises Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1977292 + xi pp William H Blanchard Aggression American Style Santa Monica, Cal: Goodyear Publishing Company, Inc, 1978314 + xii pp Lloyd S Etheredge A World of Men: The Private Sources of American Foreign Policy Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1978178 + xv pp During the Cold War, analysts of American diplomacy lived in a stable world, comfortable in the knowledge that whatever the roles of public opinion, bureaucratic politics, careerism and the personal predilections of persons in high places, the main lines of American foreign policy could be understood as primarily a response to the aggressive expansionism of com- munism Observers readily acknowledged that the United States might over- react in some instances, or make errors of judgment on tactical details But the grand design of American foreign policy—to protest the free world to promote economic development, and to maximize opportunities for