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Expansionism

About: Expansionism is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 979 publications have been published within this topic receiving 11169 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
Anthony Saich1
TL;DR: The relationship between the US and China is at the core of both economic and geopolitical trends that will define the future of Asia in this century as mentioned in this paper, and the potential danger that this can give rise to is shown by the tension that arises periodically over territorial disputes.
Abstract: The relationship between the US and China is at the core of both economic and geopolitical trends that will define the future of Asia in this century. China’s economic rise and its more assertive diplomacy have created a new environment for neighboring countries to react. This has necessitated other powers in Asia to work within a regional order that is no longer based on US primacy as the key guarantor of global and regional public goods. Despite relative decline, the Obama administration, first with its unwieldy phrase of a pivot to Asia and the later notion of rebalancing, has indicated clearly that it intends to retain a key role in Asia. The potential danger that this can give rise to is shown by the tension that arises periodically over territorial disputes. Most recently, there have been three unsettling trends. First, is the dispute between the Philippines and China over the Scarborough Shoal, which falls within the long tongue of the South China Seas that China claims as a “core interest.” Second, in mid-June 2012, China announced that it had set up a prefectural city, Sansha, to oversee three South China Sea islands. Third, there has been yet another escalation of sovereignty claims over the Senkaku islands between China and Japan. There have also been territorial spats between Japan and South Korea. Whether the US will be drawn into an avoidable conflict by its allies in the region or whether it will renege on its alliances to maintain a viable relationship with China heightens the insecurity. It is even more important for the US and China to find a way to cooperate in the Asia region than it is for the other countries within the region. There is no alternative leader within the region or group of countries that can provide the kind of balance that will enable the necessary public goods to be produced. This will entail modification of behavior by both the US and China, and it will not be easy. China’s strategic goals are directed to the defense of a continental power with growing maritime interests, as well as to Taiwan’s unification and other sovereignty claims and are largely conservative, not expansionist from their own perspective. China’s continued economic rise may nevertheless spawn a new security dilemma in East Asia, increasing regional instability and undermining China’s attempts at the diplomacy of reassurance. China has always shown itself willing to use force to protect what is sees as “legitimate” territorial claims. To be effective, both the US and China will have to make accommodations. China will have to define its national interest more clearly, and this will mean acknowledging that other principles of its foreign policy may be overridden under certain circumstances. China’s commercial activities have become a major issue in the domestic politics of a number of countries in the region. China needs to feel comfortable with the framework for international governance of which it is now a key member; reduce its suspicion of hostile foreign intent; and adjust its outdated notion of sovereignty to accept that some issues need transnational solutions and that international monitoring does not have to erode the Chinese Communist Party’s power.

1 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: The postwar Anglo-American Special Relationship has attracted considerable scholarly attention as discussed by the authors, with a focus on demographic links, shared language and liberal democratic traditions. But no Commonwealth country enjoyed the power, influence or global reach of the United States or Britain.
Abstract: The postwar Anglo-American Special Relationship has commanded considerable scholarly attention. Some of this literature seeks to explain its origins. In doing so, a number of historians emphasise demographic links, shared language and liberal democratic traditions.1 Others take a functionalist approach, playing down sentiment and culture and focusing instead on a realist view of common interests.2 As US Under Secretary of State George W. Ball noted, there were many other European nationalities in the US, while Britain also shared close historical ties with the Old Dominions.3 However, no Commonwealth country enjoyed the power, influence or global reach of the United States or Britain. Having been buttressed by wartime co-operation in the fight against Hitler, their relationship was sustained during the Cold War by a shared interest in restraining communism.4 The Declaration of Common Purpose (1957) made clear the determination of both partners to resist Soviet expansionism and, given Sir Alec Douglas-Home’s staunch anti-communism, this was unlikely to change. Indeed, this was particularly strong in Africa and South-East Asia, even if the partners sometimes disagreed over methods.

1 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, an attempt is made to focus on Toundi entirely as an evolving character, although it apparently turns out tragic, from the literary perspective of "Bildungsroman" coming-of-age-novel.
Abstract: Like most all African novels before 1960 and others following there after, this novel has been seen mainly as an anit-colonial novel that belongs like many others to the genre of “litterature engagee.” This was simply because it was the perspective that best suited its European readership view of Africa. Crying out against the ills, even in form of satire, of colonialism and European imperialism, and expansionism has in most cases overshadowed any other literary merit some of these novels may and do have, viewed from other literary perspectives, even within the European paradigm.This, this paper thinks, is the case with Oyono’s une vie de boy (1956) where the clearly hilarious naivity and innocence of Toundi, the protagonist, is used to ridicule colonialism, the colonial man, his mentality and the Christian religion.In this paper an attempt is made to focus on Toundi entirely as an evolving character, although it apparently turns out tragic, from the literary perspective of “Bildungsroman” coming-of-age-novel.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a volume devoted to the history of l'Inquisition portugaise, a chronologie de la répression and l'éventail des délits donnant lieu à persécution.
Abstract: tutionnelle est solidement présentée dans la longue durée ; les rapports du tribunal avec le pouvoir politique et religieux montrent en détail le rôle fondamental de l’Inquisition dans la réorganisation de l’Église et son influence dans la politique de la monarchie jusqu’au milieu du XVIIIe siècle ; l’étude de la persécution des nouveaux chrétiens, le trait dominant de l’Inquisition portugaise depuis sa fondation jusqu’aux années 1740, dépasse le travail classique de João Lúcio de Azevedo. La chronologie de la répression et l’éventail des délits donnant lieu à persécution sont désormais mieux connus et le monde colonial reçoit une attention d’ensemble très utile pour d’autres domaines de l’histoire. Cet excellent livre ne peut cependant pas résoudre tous les problèmes concernant l’Inquisition portugaise. Des informations fragmentaires et importantes sur les finances ont été compilées, mais il s’agit d’un domaine qui reste à explorer. La connaissance de la persécution des libertins et des déistes, ici approfondie, est à compléter. La période finale de l’Inquisition est maintenant mieux étudiée, mais il reste à intégrer et exploiter les données quantitatives et l’analyse prosopographique. Il existe désormais un cadre d’ensemble solide qui facilitera le travail des futurs chercheurs. La principale critique concerne l’absence de conclusion. Le dernier chapitre dresse un bilan historiographique, fort utile, mais qui aurait gagné à être placé en introduction. L’organisation chronologique et thématique choisie contient tous les éléments pour une conclusion, mais celle-ci est laissée à la sagacité du lecteur. Cette remarque ne diminue en rien l’importance de ce volume majeur, qui complète la liste des monographies et des ouvrages collectifs concernant l’Inquisition dans différents pays. Le livre condense, actualise et ouvre à de futures recherches un débat long de deux siècles dans le contexte de l’Europe méridionale, où l’Inquisition n’est plus tant un enjeu du débat politique et religieux qu’un domaine d’étude des rapports historiques entre religion et politique, croyances et comportements surveillés, luttes de factions et utilisation de mécanismes disciplinaires.

1 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202374
2022172
202126
202038
201928
201835