Extended producer responsibility

About: Extended producer responsibility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 26805 citations. The topic is also known as: EPR.

Determining Environmental Costs: A Challenge in A Governmental E-Waste Recycling Scheme

Abstract: The Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) concept involves having producers take environmental responsibility for post-consumer products. Based on this principle, the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive of the European Union, enacted in 2006, is the most representative management program in the world and the most popular recycling policy many countries follow. Taiwan’s version of EPR for WEEE recycling, set up in 1998, had a focus on recycling fees determined by a recycling fee equation. Nowadays, the equation takes into account the consideration of the environment in the designs of products, in addition to the cost needed for recycling. The environmental performance upgrades in products, encouraged by the financial incentives from these considerations, is a side-benefit of this program. In this paper, the functions of the recycling fee equation that consider environmental costs are reviewed. It was found that in spite of the difficulty in determining the real environmental costs in practice, pricing is a mechanism which helps us to consider the cost of e-waste recycling, not only in terms of labor and administration, but also environmental quality.

Waste Flow Mapping: Improve sustainability and realize waste management values

Abstract: An efficient Waste Management System creates increased business value contributing to manufacturing industry sustainability and realizes economic opportunities. Previous studies have shown the econ ...

Automotive green supply chain management based on the RFID technology

Abstract: Increasingly stringent Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) legislations all over the world are making the consideration of End-of-Life vehicles (ELVs) treatment a priority for the vehicle producers, and they are required to reduce the environment pollution and improve the recycling/recovery rate of their ELVs. It is urgent for the producers to establish an efficient green supply chain management system in order to track the material and recyclability/recoverability information at each point of the supply chain. This paper analyzes the requirements of EPR legislation, automotive supply chain, Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID) and information tracking system, and then puts forward the information flow mode and operation process of information management system based on the supply chain using RFID technology. It can help the producers to establish a green supply chain management system, and finally, to achieve the goal of environment friendly vehicle and high recycling/recovery rate of their ELVs.

Municipal solid waste management problems: an applied general equilibrium analysis

Abstract: Keywords: Environmental policy; General equilibrium modeling; Negishi format; Waste management policies; Market distortions. About 40% of the entire budget spent on environmental problems in the Netherlands is reserved for the waste management problem. Regardless of the amount spent on waste management, the quantity of municipal solid waste generated still increases. It has up till now proven impossible to decouple generation of municipal solid waste and income growth. This thesis investigates the policy options that can be used to reduce generation of municipal solid waste and looks specifically at the direct and indirect effects of introducing unit-based pricing. Two types of unit-based pricing are distinguished: a full unit-based pricing scheme, in which municipalities charge a variable price for collection of both organic waste and rest waste, and a selective unit-based pricing scheme, in which municipalities only charge a unit-based price for the collection of rest waste. It presents a modeling framework to simulate the waste market in the Netherlands . The model includes several municipalities as sources of waste, consumer preferences, economies of scale, transport costs, and several kinds of emissions caused by waste treatment. In this thesis specific focus was given to the possibility of waste leakage, where consumers pollute the organic waste stream with rest waste. The model was used in a stylized example with numerical data based on the Netherlands in 2000. The results show that the selective unit-based pricing scheme is the most effective policy tool to reduce generation of municipal solid waste. Due to the effects of waste leakage, however, it is not advisable to introduce unit-based pricing in every municipality. The results show that it is not cost effective to introduce selective unit-based pricing for waste collection in larger municipalities. In these municipalities the effects of waste leakage are too costly. The degree of pollution is so high that part of the organic waste stream cannot be composted and will have to be incinerated, thus greatly increasing the costs of treating organic waste. Only in small municipalities with a relatively large number of environmentally concerned consumers selective unit-based pricing can be introduced. Larger municipalities may consider introducing full unit-based pricing. This policy tool, however, only stimulates prevention and not recycling, thus the effects for reducing generation of rest waste are limited.

The New Waste Directive — Trying to Do it All… An Early Assessment:

Abstract: At the heart of ongoing debate over Community waste policy (and thus its regulatory form) is an unclear message about its goals, which include both ‘preventing’ and ‘regulating’ waste and, after a new Directive, maintaining high environmental standards for the use of resources generally. This article asks whether the new Directive is likely to resolve the tension that arises in determining which of these goals takes priority, or whether it perpetuates it. It answers this question by analysing the changes introduced by the 2008 Waste Directive and by examining its goals and the legal issues that arise from the Directive's efforts to clarify, simplify and reorient the provisions of previous Waste Directives. The article concludes that the new Waste Directive is broadly and overly ambitious, at the expense of clarity concerning its goals and certainty in relation to its regulatory provisions. In short, there is a lot to digest in legally understanding and appraising the new Directive.