Topic
Extinction ratio
About: Extinction ratio is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8541 publications have been published within this topic receiving 111908 citations.
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TL;DR: A hybrid silicon nitride and lithium niobate electro-optic Mach-Zehnder modulator that employs 3 dB multimode interference couplers for splitting and combining light is reported that is critical for applications ranging from optical communications to an analog photonic link.
Abstract: A low voltage operation electro-optic modulator is critical for applications ranging from optical communications to an analog photonic link. This paper reports a hybrid silicon nitride and lithium niobate electro-optic Mach–Zehnder modulator that employs 3 dB multimode interference couplers for splitting and combining light. The presented amplitude modulator with an interaction region length of 2.4 cm demonstrates a DC half-wave voltage of only 0.875 V, which corresponds to a modulation efficiency per unit length of 2.11 V cm. The power extinction ratio of the fabricated device is approximately 30 dB, and the on-chip optical loss is about 5.4 dB.
83 citations
TL;DR: An ultracompact high-efficiency polarizing beam splitter that operates over a wide wavelength range and is based on a hybrid photonic crystal and a conventional waveguide structure is proposed.
Abstract: We propose an ultracompact high-efficiency polarizing beam splitter that operates over a wide wavelength range and is based on a hybrid photonic crystal and a conventional waveguide structure. Within a small area (15μm ×and 10μm), this polarizing beam splitter separates TM- and TE-polarized modes into orthogonal output waveguides. Results of simulations with the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method show that 99.3% of TM-polarized light is deflected by the photonic crystal structure (with a 28.0-dB extinction ratio), whereas 99.0% of TE-polarized light propagates through the structure (with a 32.2-dB extinction ratio). Wave vector diagrams are employed to explain the operation of a polarizing beam splitter. Tolerance analysis reveals a large tolerance to fabrication errors.
83 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an experimental demonstration of a renewed set up, with respect to the one described in [A. Jullien et al., Opt. Lett. 30, 920 (2005)], that enables more reliable and robust performances in the increase of the contrast ratio (CR) of energetic femtosecond pulses.
Abstract: We present an experimental demonstration of a renewed set up, with respect to the one described in [A. Jullien et al, Opt. Lett. 30, 920 (2005)], that enables more reliable and robust performances in the increase of the contrast ratio (CR) of energetic femtosecond pulses. The new approach is based on the use of two successive crystals situated at optimum position that generate cross polarized waves whose individual effect interferes constructively. This arrangement overcomes the limitation of the single crystal schemes for temporal cleaning – the early saturation of the transmission efficiency, previously observed when either using a relatively thick crystal or increasing intensities up to its damage threshold. A theoretical model that predicts the output CR is developed for the first time. It shows that the CR depends on the initial CR and the extinction ratio of the polarizers used. The measured temporal CR 10-10 is in accordance with theoretical predictions.
83 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a highperformance electro-optic (EO) polymer modulator on a flexible substrate was fabricated using a polymer substrate layer lift-off method, and the SU-8 polymer has widely different adhesion properties on Si and gold substrates that makes selective liftoff possible.
Abstract: A high-performance electro-optic (EO) polymer modulator on a flexible substrate was fabricated using a polymer substrate layer lift-off method. The SU-8 polymer has widely different adhesion properties on Si and gold substrates that makes selective lift-off possible. The flexible EO polymer modulators on a 100-μm polymer substrate layer have a Vπ of 2.6 V and extinction ratio better than 20 dB at 1550 nm. The bending loss of the flexible waveguide was unchanged at bending radii as small as 1.5 mm, and no effect on Vπ was observed for a 5 mm bending radius.
83 citations
TL;DR: The design and characterization of a photonic crystal (PC) polarization beam splitter (PBS) that operates with an extinction ratio of greater than 15 dB for both polarizations are presented and it is shown that the TE- like mode has very high reflection at the interface between the two PCs, whereas the TM-like mode exhibits a very high transmission.
Abstract: The design and characterization of a photonic crystal (PC) polarization beam splitter (PBS) that operates with an extinction ratio of greater than 15 dB for both polarizations are presented. The PBS is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer where the input and output ports consist of 5 μm wide ridge waveguides. A large spectral shift is observed in the dispersion plots of the lowest-order even (TE-like) and odd (TM-like) modes due to the SOI confinement. Because of this shift, the TE-like mode is close to a directional gap at the top of the band, and the TM-like mode is in a low-frequency regime where the dispersion surface is almost isotropic. We show that the TE-like mode has very high reflection at the interface between the two PCs, whereas the TM-like mode exhibits a very high transmission.
83 citations