Face (sociological concept)

About: Face (sociological concept) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5171 publications have been published within this topic receiving 96109 citations. The topic is also known as: Lose face & Face (sociological concept).

Rudeness at 911 Reconceptualizing Face and Face Attack

Abstract: This article analyzes two telephone calls from citizens to a 911 center in a large city in the Western United States in which call-takers became angry and attacked the face of the callers. After reviewing past theoretical conceptualizations of face and face attack, the authors analyze the calls using a facework lens. Through a close study of the discourse, the authors show the subtle and blatant ways in which vocal delivery, substance and type of selected speech acts, second pair parts, and selected stance indicators do face attack. Then, they consider how context may contribute to the call-takers' usage of these problematic conversational strategies. The article concludes by assessing how notions of face and face attack would be reconceptualized if future research adopted the grounded practical theory frame that informs this 911 case study.

CF-GNNExplainer: Counterfactual Explanations for Graph Neural Networks

Abstract: Given the increasing promise of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in real-world applications, several methods have been developed for explaining their predictions. So far, these methods have primarily focused on generating subgraphs that are especially relevant for a particular prediction. However, such methods do not provide a clear opportunity for recourse: given a prediction, we want to understand how the prediction can be changed in order to achieve a more desirable outcome. In this work, we propose a method for generating counterfactual (CF) explanations for GNNs: the minimal perturbation to the input (graph) data such that the prediction changes. Using only edge deletions, we find that our method, CF-GNNExplainer can generate CF explanations for the majority of instances across three widely used datasets for GNN explanations, while removing less than 3 edges on average, with at least 94\% accuracy. This indicates that CF-GNNExplainer primarily removes edges that are crucial for the original predictions, resulting in minimal CF explanations.

Cognition and communication at work: Convergent activities: Line control and passenger information on the London Underground

Abstract: [T]he relevance of the works of the Chicago sociologists is that they do contain a lot of information about this and that. And this and that is what the world is made up of. Sacks, H. (1964/1992, p. 27) “Shared Agreement” refers to various social methods for accomplishing the member's recognition that something was said according to a rule and not the demonstrable matching of substantive matters. The appropriate image of a common understanding is therefore an operation rather than a common intersection of overlapping sets. Garfinkel, H. (1967, p. 30) Introduction Some of the finest work within the sociology of organizations began to emerge from Chicago following the second world war. Due in no small way to the lectures and essays of E. C. Hughes, social science witnessed the emergence of a substantial body of naturalistic studies of work and occupations that began to delineate the practices and reasoning that provide the foundation for tasks and interpersonal communication throughout a range of organizational settings. Hughes and his colleagues powerfully demonstrated through numerous empirical studies how organizational life is thoroughly dependent upon and inseparable from a tacit and emergent “culture” that is fashioned and continually refashioned in the light of the problems that personnel face in the routine accomplishment of their day-to-day work (see, for example, Hughes, 1958, 1971; Becker et al., 1961; Goffman, 1968; Roth, 1963; Strauss et al., 1964).