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Fading distribution

About: Fading distribution is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5732 publications have been published within this topic receiving 114193 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
A. Vigants1
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantitatively described the reduction of multipath fading on line-of-sight microwave radio-relay links by dual space diversity and provided a fade reduction factor that specifies the improvement provided by space diversity as a function of the vertical separation of the receiving antennas, frequency, path length, and the relative size of the antennas in the diversity pair.
Abstract: The reduction of multipath fading on line-of-sight microwave radio-relay links by dual space diversity is quantitatively described. One of the main results is a fade reduction factor F that specifies the improvement provided by space diversity as a function of the vertical separation of the receiving antennas, frequency, path length, and the relative size of the antennas in the diversity pair. The results are based on a theoretical analysis of recent experimental data.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical models behind the various fading distributions applicable in wireless-communications systems, and presents the probability density functions, both for the signal envelope and for the power of the mobile radio signal.
Abstract: This paper describes the physical models behind the various fading distributions applicable in wireless-communications systems, and presents the probability density functions, both for the signal envelope and for the power of the mobile radio signal. It addresses the problem of co-channel interference in terms of its mean value, for macrocellular and microcellular structures, and illustrates how the outage probability is influenced by a series of factors such as reuse pattern, modulation scheme, traffic load, and others.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An analysis of the bit-error probability for receivers in which the diversity branches are correlated finds that Rician fading can be worse than Rayleigh fading in correlated diversity environments, a situation quite different from the independent diversity case.
Abstract: Due to the interest in wireless personal communications, there has been a lot of research on the performance of receivers with diversity. Most analyses assume the diversity branches are independent. This paper presents an analysis of the bit-error probability for receivers in which the diversity branches are correlated. Noncoherent orthogonal digital modulation (NCODM) with Rician and Rayleigh slow, nonselective fading models are assumed. Through the use of the diagonalization of quadratic forms, most of the calculations of the bit-error probability can be reduced to a two-dimensional numerical integration. For some cases for dual diversity, a closed-form expression for the error probability is given. A number of diversity combining laws, including square law and maximum likelihood, are considered. We find that Rician fading can be worse than Rayleigh fading in correlated diversity environments, a situation quite different from the independent diversity case. Also, for the Rayleigh fading model with correlated branch diversity, we find that an equal-weight, square-law combiner usually has the same error performance as the more complex maximum-likelihood combiner. However, this is not the case for a Rician fading model with the same correlation environment. Simple diagonalization methods that compensate for the lossy effect of correlation are specified and found to be effective when the dominant noise and interference have almost the same correlation distribution as the fading signals.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The false-alarm probability and the detection probability of cooperative spectrum sensing with the scheme of energy fusion over i.n.i.d. fading environments are derived.
Abstract: Different from previous works in cooperative spectrum sensing that assumed the sensing channels independent identically distributed (i.i.d.), we investigate in this paper the independent but not identically distributed (i.n.i.d.) situations. In particular, we derive the false-alarm probability and the detection probability of cooperative spectrum sensing with the scheme of energy fusion over i.n.i.d. Rayleigh, Nakagami, and Rician fading channels. From the selected numerical results, we can see that cooperative spectrum sensing still gives considerably better performance even over i.n.i.d. fading environments.

38 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
21 Aug 2000
TL;DR: A theoretical explanation of the Nakagami-m distribution, as a natural extension of the Rayleigh fading model, is proposed, which shows how correlated NakagAMI channel gains can be efficiently generated, given the specified correlation coefficients between the underlying Rayleigh processes.
Abstract: Efficient simulation models for correlated Nakagami-m fading channels are required for the development, performance evaluation and validation of diversity combining systems in general fading channels. We propose a theoretical explanation of the Nakagami-m distribution, as a natural extension of the Rayleigh fading model. In this model, a Nakagami random variable is viewed as the norm of an m-dimensional complex random vector. The elements of this m-dimensional random vector are orthogonal to each other, and have Rayleigh-distributed envelopes. Based on this decomposition approach, correlated Nakagami channel gains can be efficiently generated, given the specified correlation coefficients between the underlying Rayleigh processes.

38 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202322
202270
202123
202022
201920
201837