Topic
Fading distribution
About: Fading distribution is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5732 publications have been published within this topic receiving 114193 citations.
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TL;DR: The novel closed-form expressions for the false-alarm and detection probabilities in a multiple PUs environment, assuming the Nakagami-m fading and complex Gaussian PUs transmitted signals are presented.
Abstract: We investigate the impact of multiple primary users (PUs) and fading on the spectrum sensing of a classical energy detector (ED). Specifically, we present the novel closed-form expressions for the false-alarm and detection probabilities in a multiple PUs environment, assuming the Nakagami- $m$ fading and complex Gaussian PUs transmitted signals. The results reveal the importance of taking into consideration the wireless environment, when evaluating the ED spectrum sensing performance and selecting the ED threshold.
36 citations
TL;DR: Numerical results indicate that the QBC provides a good approximation of the fading channels for a wide range of channel conditions and estimates the noise ACF more accurately than the finite-state Markov models that have been recently studied by Pimentel , while, at the same time, remaining mathematically tractable.
Abstract: We study the problem of approximating the family of hard-decision frequency-shift keying demodulated correlated flat Rician fading channels via a recently introduced queue-based channel (QBC) model for binary communication channels with memory For a given ldquodiscretizedrdquo fading channel, we construct a QBC whose noise process is statistically ldquocloserdquo in the Kullback-Leibler sense to the error or noise process that is generated by the fading channel, and the modeling accuracy is evaluated in terms of noise autocorrelation function (ACF) and channel capacity Numerical results indicate that the QBC provides a good approximation of the fading channels for a wide range of channel conditions Furthermore, it estimates the noise ACF more accurately than the finite-state Markov models that have been recently studied by Pimentel , while, at the same time, remaining mathematically tractable
36 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that substantial gains can be achieved by exploiting knowledge of the specular component while joint processing of the data symbol with the pilot symbols may offer small benefits.
Abstract: Optimum detectors for pilot symbol assisted modulation (PSAM) signals in Rayleigh and Rician fading channels are derived. Conventional PSAM as used on Rayleigh fading channels is also employed on Rician fading channels. It is shown that the conventional PSAM receiver is optimal for binary phase shift keying in Rayleigh fading but suboptimal for Rician fading and suboptimal for 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation in Rayleigh fading. The optimum PSAM signal detector uses knowledge of the specular component and also jointly processes the pilot symbols and the data symbol. The performance of the optimum detector is analyzed and compared with that of the conventional detector. It is concluded that substantial gains can be achieved by exploiting knowledge of the specular component while joint processing of the data symbol with the pilot symbols may offer small benefits.
36 citations
TL;DR: The bit error rate (BER) performance of a two-dimensional (2-D) RAKE receiver, in combination with transmit diversity on the downlink of a wide-band CDMA (W-CDMA) system, is presented.
Abstract: The bit error rate (BER) performance of a two-dimensional (2-D) RAKE receiver, in combination with transmit diversity on the downlink of a wide-band CDMA (W-CDMA) system, is presented. The analyses assume correlated fading between receive antenna array elements, and an arbitrary number of independent but nonidentical resolvable multipaths combined by the RAKE receiver in the general Nakagami-m (1960) fading channel framework. The impact of the array configuration (e.g., the number of transmit antennas and receive antennas, the antenna element separation) and the operating environment parameters (such as the fading severity, angular spread and path delay profile) on the overall space-path diversity gain can be directly evaluated. In addition, the exact pairwise error probability of a convolutional coded system is obtained, and the coding gain of a space-path diversity receiver is quantified.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of MIMO systems employing spatial multiplexing and zero-forcing detection (ZF) is analyzed for Rician-Rayleigh fading and Rayleigh-Rician fading.
Abstract: We analyze the performance of multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) communications systems employing spatial multiplexing and zero-forcing detection (ZF). The distribution of the ZF signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is characterized when either the intended stream or interfering streams experience Rician fading, and when the fading may be correlated on the transmit side. Previously, exact ZF analysis based on a well-known SNR expression has been hindered by the noncentrality of the Wishart distribution involved. In addition, approximation with a central-Wishart distribution has not proved consistently accurate. In contrast, the following exact ZF study proceeds from a lesser-known SNR expression that separates the intended and interfering channel-gain vectors. By first conditioning on, and then averaging over the interference, the ZF SNR distribution for Rician-Rayleigh fading is shown to be an infinite linear combination of gamma distributions. On the other hand, for Rayleigh-Rician fading, the ZF SNR is shown to be gamma-distributed. Based on the SNR distribution, we derive new series expressions for the ZF average error probability, outage probability, and ergodic capacity. Numerical results confirm the accuracy of our new expressions, and reveal effects of interference and channel statistics on performance.
36 citations