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Fading distribution

About: Fading distribution is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5732 publications have been published within this topic receiving 114193 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A deterministic equivalent of ergodic sum rate and an algorithm for evaluating the capacity-achieving input covariance matrices for the uplink large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna channels are proposed.
Abstract: In this paper, a deterministic equivalent of ergodic sum rate and an algorithm for evaluating the capacity-achieving input covariance matrices for the uplink large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna channels are proposed. We consider a large-scale MIMO system consisting of multiple users and one base station with several distributed antenna sets. Each link between a user and an antenna set forms a two-sided spatially correlated MIMO channel with line-of-sight (LOS) components. Our derivations are based on novel techniques from large dimensional random matrix theory (RMT) under the assumption that the numbers of antennas at the terminals approach to infinity with a fixed ratio. The deterministic equivalent results (the deterministic equivalent of ergodic sum rate and the capacity-achieving input covariance matrices) are easy to compute and shown to be accurate for realistic system dimensions. In addition, they are shown to be invariant to several types of fading distribution.

196 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A microcell mobile radio system where the desired signal within a cell experiences Rician fading while interfering signals from cochannel cells experience Rayleigh fading is studied.
Abstract: A microcell mobile radio system where the desired signal within a cell experiences Rician fading while interfering signals from cochannel cells experience Rayleigh fading is studied. This model is named a Rician/Rayleigh fading environment. Expressions of outage probabilities are presented for the mobile radio system in the Rician/Rayleigh fading environment.

193 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: New closed-form formulas for the error probabilities of single and multichannel communications in Rayleigh and Nakagami-m (1960) fading are derived, providing a unified method for the derivation of exact closed- form average symbol-error probability expressions for binary and M-ary signals with L independent channel diversity reception.
Abstract: This paper derives new closed-form formulas for the error probabilities of single and multichannel communications in Rayleigh and Nakagami-m (1960) fading. Closed-form solutions to three generic trigonometric integrals are presented as part of the main result, providing a unified method for the derivation of exact closed-form average symbol-error probability expressions for binary and M-ary signals with L independent channel diversity reception. Both selection-diversity and maximal-ratio combining (MRC) techniques are considered. The results are generally applicable for arbitrary two-dimensional signal constellations that have polygonal decision regions operating in a slow Nakagami-m fading environments with positive integer fading severity index. MRC with generically correlated fading is also considered. The new expressions are applicable in many cases of practical interest. The closed-form expressions derived for a single channel reception case can be extended to provide an approximation for the error rates of binary and M-ary signals that employ an equal-gain combining diversity receiver.

193 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The statistical properties of Clarke's fading model with a finite number of sinusoids are analyzed, and an improved reference model is proposed for the simulation of Rayleigh fading channels.
Abstract: The statistical properties of Clarke's fading model with a finite number of sinusoids are analyzed, and an improved reference model is proposed for the simulation of Rayleigh fading channels. A novel statistical simulation model for Rician fading channels is examined. The new Rician fading simulation model employs a zero-mean stochastic sinusoid as the specular (line-of-sight) component, in contrast to existing Rician fading simulators that utilize a non-zero deterministic specular component. The statistical properties of the proposed Rician fading simulation model are analyzed in detail. It is shown that the probability density function of the Rician fading phase is not only independent of time but also uniformly distributed over [-pi, pi). This property is different from that of existing Rician fading simulators. The statistical properties of the new simulators are confirmed by extensive simulation results, showing good agreement with theoretical analysis in all cases. An explicit formula for the level-crossing rate is derived for general Rician fading when the specular component has non-zero Doppler frequency

187 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this work, the performance and the capacity analysis of a fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF)-based dual-hop asymmetric radio frequency-free space optical (RF-FSO) communication system is performed and the effects of fading, turbulence, and pointing error are studied on the outage probability, average BER, and the channel capacity.
Abstract: In this work, the performance and the capacity analysis of a fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF)-based dual-hop asymmetric radio frequency–free space optical (RF–FSO) communication system is performed. The RF link experiences Nakagami-m fading and the FSO link experiences Gamma–Gamma turbulence. For this mixed RF–FSO cooperative system, novel and finite power series-based mathematical expressions for the cumulative distribution function, probability density function, and moment generating function of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio are derived. Using these channel statistics new finite power series-based analytical expressions are obtained for the outage probability, the average bit error rate (BER) for various binary and M-ary modulation techniques, and the average channel capacity of the considered system. The same analysis is also performed for the scenario when the FSO link undergoes significant pointing errors along with the Gamma–Gamma distributed turbulence. As a special case analytical expressions for the outage probability, BER, and channel capacity are also presented for a dual-hop asymmetric RF–FSO system where the RF link is Rayleigh distributed. Simulation results validate the proposed mathematical analysis. The effects of fading, turbulence, and pointing error are studied on the outage probability, average BER, and the channel capacity.

186 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202322
202270
202123
202022
201920
201837