Topic
Fatty acid-binding protein
About: Fatty acid-binding protein is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1721 publications have been published within this topic receiving 81530 citations. The topic is also known as: FABP.
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TL;DR: This review focuses on mechanisms that regulate postprandial fatty acid delivery to tissues and their metabolism and on the potential implication of their dysregulation for tissue lipotoxicity in the development of T2D.
83 citations
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TL;DR: It appears that the fatty acid pool, bound to FABP, is the source of fatty acid providing the beta-oxidative system with substrate, and it is suggested that a gradient-like distribution of FABp in the mitochondrial vicinity leads to the coexistence of multispecies of the protein by self-aggregation.
Abstract: The quantitative subcellular distribution of the fatty acid binding protein (FABP) in heart muscle is reported for the first time. A gradient-like distribution according to the following pattern was observed: 6.96 mg X mL-1 on the myofibrils, 2.77 mg X mL-1 in the spaces surrounding the mitochondria, and 2.21 mg X mL-1 in the mitochondria. This heterogeneous distribution suggests that the local in vivo concentration of FABP might fluctuate as a function of time. The consequences of these possible fluctuations, particularly in the mitochondrial vicinity, were analyzed in an in vitro system containing a fixed concentration of cardiac mitochondria and stearic acid but variable concentrations of FABP. Competition for the fatty acid was observed between the mitochondrial membranes and the binding sites on the protein. Maximal binding of fatty acid to FABP was detected in the range of FABP concentration between 1 and 3 mg X mL-1. Remarkably, in this concentration range, two emerging peaks of beta-oxidative activity were also detected. As a major conclusion, it appears that the fatty acid pool, bound to FABP, is the source of fatty acid providing the beta-oxidative system with substrate. The mechanism of fatty acid transfer from this pool toward the beta-oxidative system remains an open question. However, it is suggested that a gradient-like distribution of FABP in the mitochondrial vicinity leads to the coexistence of multispecies of the protein by self-aggregation. Only two of these species seem to be involved in this fatty acid transfer. As a consequence, a strong modulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation rate is observed in isolated mitochondria when the concentrations of these two species are allowed to fluctuate. In conclusion, this unique cardiac fatty acid carrier, via its self-aggregation capacity and its in vivo gradient-like distribution, may act as a powerful effector in the regulation of heart energy.
83 citations
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TL;DR: This paper describes with specific examples how ADIFAB can be used to determine FFA concentrations in aqueous solutions, binding affinities of fatty acid binding proteins, membrane/water partition coefficients, lipase activities, and serum levels of FFA.
Abstract: The aqueous phase monomers of fatty acids (FFA) appear in many steps of fat metabolism. Understanding metabolism requires that accurate measurements of FFA levels be determined in enzyme-mediated as well as in membrane and protein binding reactions. Measuring long chain FFA levels with sufficient sensitivity and temporal resolution is now possible using fluorescent probes constructed by ligating fluorescent groups and fatty acid binding proteins. In this paper we provide a practical description of the use of ADIFAB, the acrylodan labeled intestinal fatty acid binding protein. We describe with specific examples how ADIFAB can be used to determine, (1) FFA concentrations in aqueous solutions, (2) binding affinities of fatty acid binding proteins, (3) membrane/water partition coefficients, (4) lipase activities, and (5) serum levels of FFA.
82 citations
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TL;DR: The need exists for studies of complexes of L- FABP with the HPETEs and HETEs in hepatocytes, especially since L-FABP has previously been associated with mitosis in normal hepatocytes and shown to be the target protein of two liver carcinogens, and these arachidonic acid metabolites have been found to be able to modulate activities related to cell growth.
82 citations
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TL;DR: The newly found compartmentation of cardiac FABP in the heart cell must be considered when the true functions of the protein, yet to be defined, are studied.
82 citations