Showing papers on "Feed line published in 2021"
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel ultrawide band planar antenna with band notched characteristics is presented, which is achieved by loading a pair of metamaterial inspired rectangular split ring resonator (SRR) near the feed line and by etching the SRR slots on a radiating patch.
Abstract: A novel compact size ultrawide band planar antenna with band notched characteristics is present. The band rejection characteristic is achieved by loading a pair of metamaterial inspired rectangular split ring resonator (SRR) near the feed line and by etching the SRR slots on a radiating patch. The simulated and measured results reveal that the proposed antenna exhibits the impedance bandwidth over the ultrawide band (UWB) frequency range from 3.1 to 14 GHz with the voltage standing wave ratio less than 2 except for band stop bands at 3.29 to 3.7 GHz (WiMAX band), 3.7 to 4.10 GHz (C-band), 5.1 to 5.9 GHz (WLAN band), and 7.06 to 7.76 GHz (downlink X-band satellite communication), respectively. The proposed antenna fabricated on low-cost FR-4 substrate has compact size of 24 × 20 × 1.6 mm3. The simulation results are compared with measured results and demonstrate good agreement with stable gain over pass bands. The proposed antenna also exhibits dipole-like radiation pattern in E-plane and omni-directional pattern in H-plane. These results led to conclusion that the presented antenna is a suitable candidate for ultrawide band UWB applications with desired band notch characteristics.
45 citations
TL;DR: A single-port, single-layer, dual-band antenna with large frequency ratio is proposed to support the MW and MMW applications, guaranteeing the radiation performance of the antenna at the two bands without requiring complicated filter.
Abstract: The coexistence of microwave (MW) and millimeter wave (MMW) technologies is considered as the development tendency of the future 5G wireless communication system In this paper, a single-port, single-layer, dual-band antenna with large frequency ratio is proposed to support the MW and MMW applications This antenna mainly consists of a stub-loaded microstrip line in the center, two slot-loaded rectangular patches on the lateral sides, and two thin microstrip lines in-between which connect the former two The stub-loaded microstrip line works as a series-fed MMW linear array at 26 GHz, and simultaneously it serves as the feed line for the MW patches operating at 485 GHz The connection lines are elaborately designed to isolate the MW patches from the MMW signal, guaranteeing the radiation performance of the antenna at the two bands without requiring complicated filter For verification, a prototype is fabricated and measured The measured results show that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 31% and a peak gain of 893 dBi at the 485-GHz MW band, while an impedance bandwidth of 19% and a peak gain of 1357 dBi at the 26-GHz MMW band
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a planar rectangular slot antenna with dual-band operation and realized higher peak gain is proposed, designed, and fabricated for sub-6 GHz 5G applications, which possesses a rectangular radiating slot with the inverted stub on its upper edge excited simultaneously by a micro-strip feed line having a double folded T-shaped structure.
Abstract: A planar rectangular slot antenna with dual-band operation and realized higher peak gain is proposed, designed, and fabricated for sub-6 GHz 5G applications. The antenna possesses a rectangular radiating slot with the inverted stub on its upper edge excited simultaneously by a micro-strip feed line having a double folded T-shaped structure. The fabricated design is of compact size with the radiating portion of 0.3 λ0 × 0.17 λ0 (λ0 represents free-space wavelength) and profile of 0.009 λ0. The measured results show the operating frequency bands of 3.29–3.63 GHz and 4.3–5.2 GHz, with a peak gain of around 7.17 dBi. The higher frequency band is generated by the feed patch and the slot whereas lower resonant frequency band is generated by the stub loaded on the slot. The measured results are in a good agreement with the simulated results. The proposed design is suitable for the International Telecommunications Union sub 6 GHz applications.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a compact 8-state frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna is proposed, which consists of a coplanar waveguide structure, defected ground structure (DGS), rectangular radiation patch, and stepped feed line.
Abstract: To meet the anti-interference and multi-function requirements of the antenna, a compact 8-states frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna is proposed. The antenna consists of a coplanar waveguide structure (CPW), defected ground structure (DGS), rectangular radiation patch, and stepped feed line. Band rejections at the C band, WLAN, and X band are generated by two C-slots and inverted U-slot, respectively. Three PIN diodes are connected across the C-slots and inverted U-slot. By controlling the on/off state of PIN diodes to realize notch reconfiguration. The antenna size is only 22 mm $\times 13$ mm $\times0.8$ mm. The measured results show that the antenna can work in 8 states. The impedance bandwidth of UWB mode is 2.82-13.25 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 129.8%. The notch band is 3.19-4.58 GHz, 5.26-6.21 GHz, and 7.87-8.73 GHz, respectively. The antenna has stable gain, good omnidirectional radiation performance, and can switch freely between UWB mode and each notch band mode.
18 citations
TL;DR: Comparatively improved bandwidth and enhanced isolation of the antenna is useful for cancer detection, Mixers and multiplier, health care, Deep space network, Aerospace applications, the detection of explosives like HMX, Detection of biotin and WBAN applications.
16 citations
TL;DR: A dual-band horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna for WiFi applications is proposed in this paper, which consists of a 3D radiation slot on a metal box and three folded patches inside.
Abstract: A dual-band horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna for WiFi applications is proposed in this letter, which consists of a 3-D radiation slot on a metal box and three folded patches inside. The 3-D slot is formed by connecting two trapezoid slots at top and bottom of the box with a rectangle slot at the vertical side. Then, the radiation slot is excited by a folded patch connected to the feed line and produces two resonances at 2.45 and 5.5 GHz. With the help of two parasitic patches beside the excited patch, the higher frequency band is broadened. Measured results show that the antenna has two 10 dB return loss operating bandwidths of 5.32% and 20.56%. Moreover, the measured out-of-roundness for the horizontal radiation pattern is less than 2.4 dB in lower frequency band and that of higher frequency band is less than 5.3 dB. Besides, the antenna maintains a compact size of only 22 mm × 10 mm × 25 mm (0.18 λ 0 × 0.08 λ 0 × 0.20 λ 0, where λ0 is the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency), with the gain about 2 dBi and the cross-polarization ratio greater than 20 dB in the entire band.
16 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this article, a wideband patch antenna that is integrated with a polarization selection switch is presented, and the antenna operates with more than 80% radiation efficiency and 45% bandwidth.
Abstract: Capability of 3D printing for developing wideband multilayered antenna systems packaged with active RF circuit components remains relatively unexplored. To address this gap, this manuscript demonstrates wideband patch antenna that is integrated with a polarization selection switch. Antenna bandwidth is enhanced with customized substrate thicknesses and stacked patch layers. Switch is integrated with 3D vertical transitions to achieve wide bandwidth, smaller packaging, and low-loss. To enable future antenna array applications, a detailed investigation is also presented to maximize the performance of the microstrip feed lines by adjusting the substrate thickness and deposition process. The antenna consists of 13 dielectric and conductive layers. Specifically, the manuscript demonstrates the lowest attenuation in the literature for a fully printed microstrip line with 0.25 dB/cm measured loss at 18 GHz. The antenna operates with more than 80% radiation efficiency and 45% bandwidth. The polarization switch is embedded within the antenna structure. The antenna retains a high cross-polarization ratio of ~20 dB due to 3D feed line transitions and symmetric location of the switch with respect to the antenna feeds.
15 citations
TL;DR: The procedure to design the unit element antenna is followed by applying a linear tapered array-slot structure to the conventional Vivaldi antenna; hence the bandwidth, gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna are improved.
Abstract: A broadband high gain Tapered slot antenna array for under water communication is presented in this paper. The procedure to design the unit element antenna is followed by applying a linear tapered array-slot structure to the conventional Vivaldi antenna; hence the bandwidth, gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna are improved. The proposed antenna array is designed on the low-cost FR4 epoxy substrate material with value of dielectric constant $$\varepsilon _r= 4.4$$
, and loss tangent $$\delta = 0.02$$
. The reduction of the feed line width and location adjustment is used to expand the impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna. Moreover, the single antenna element is expanded to $$1\times 2$$
, $$1\times 4$$
and $$2\times 4$$
to form an antenna array respectively. The dimensions of the developed array antenna are satisfying the proper impedance matching. The simulated reflection coefficient results confirm that the proposed antenna array achieves an impedance bandwidth of above 55% obtained at 10 dB return loss, the peak realized gain of 10.75 dBi and radiation efficiency of more than 90%. The measured results show a good agreement and hence making the designed antenna array appropriate to work in the underwater communication band.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a compact horizontally polarized omnidirectional cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) excited in the TE $011+\delta }$ mode is presented.
Abstract: A compact horizontally polarized omnidirectional cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) excited in the TE $_{011+\delta }$ mode is presented. It deploys a planar feed which comprises a cross-shaped feed line, four coupled strips, and four curved arms with end-shorted stubs. The TE $_{011+\delta }$ mode of the DRA is excited by the curved arms. Its intrinsically narrow impedance bandwidth is enhanced by using the coupled strips, and the cross-polar field is suppressed by the end-shorted stubs. The antenna has a measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 18.1%, which is much wider than the conventional bandwidths of 4.5%–7.4%. Its cross-polar level is lower than the co-polar level by 15 dB. This basic DRA is used to design the first polarization reconfigurable omnidirectional DRA with diodes. By controlling the states of the diodes, the DRA can be switched between TE $_{011+\delta }$ and TM $_{01\delta }$ modes to obtain horizontal and vertical polarizations, respectively. To verify the idea, a prototype was fabricated and tested. Reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated results is obtained. The measured impedance bandwidths of the TE $_{011+\delta }$ and TM $_{01\delta }$ modes are 16.8% (2.18–2.58 GHz) and 16.0% (2.25–2.64 GHz), respectively. The antenna has stable omnidirectional radiation patterns in both states
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a low profile circularly polarized high directive dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is presented for X-band wireless applications, which is excited by microstrip aperture slot coupling which is employed on the bottom side of the substrate.
Abstract: A low profile circularly polarized high directive Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is presented for X - band wireless applications. DRA is excited by microstrip aperture slot coupling which is employed on the bottom side of the substrate. Two asymmetric rectangular split rings are created adjacent to the feed line on the substrate to enhance the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth and impedance bandwidth. Corrugated circular ring shaped single layer double sided meta superstrate is loaded on the DRA to enhance the peak gain to 11.9 dBi. The extracted lumped element model of the Superstrate unit is found to be in concurrence with Electromagnetic (EM) simulations. The proposed geometry offers a 1.1 GHz axial ratio bandwidth with 2.6 GHz impedance bandwidth. A prototype is fabricated and experimentally verified.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel transparent proximity-coupled-fed patch antenna with enhanced impedance bandwidth and good filtering response is proposed, which consists of a ground plane, a specific feeding structure and a slotted patch.
Abstract: This paper introduces a novel transparent proximity-coupled-fed patch antenna with enhanced impedance bandwidth and good filtering response. The proposed antenna consists of a ground plane, a specific feeding structure and a slotted patch. All the conducting surfaces are realized with metal meshes printed on glass substrates. Optical transparency of the antenna depends on the mesh density. The feed line of a traditional proximity-coupled-fed patch antenna is terminated with a driven stub etched with a half-wavelength U-shaped slot. This modification introduces an additional resonant mode but also a radiating null. By further etching a pair of quarter-wavelength open slots on the radiating patch, another resonant mode accompanied with an extra radiation null is generated. Finally, three resonant modes within the operating band along with two radiation nulls near the two edges of the passband are achieved. The proposed antenna is implemented to demonstrate an impedance bandwidth of 7.6% from 3.41 to 3.68 GHz and a maximum gain of 4.6 dBi.
TL;DR: In this paper, a compact concentric structured monopole antenna for super wide band (SWB) applications with triple notch band characteristics is designed and experimentally validated, which provides good radiation characteristics, constant group delay response, and better gain over the pass band.
Abstract: A compact concentric structured monopole antenna for super wide band (SWB) applications with triple notch band characteristics is designed and experimentally validated. The antenna covers an immense impedance bandwidth (1.6–47.5 GHz) with sharp triple notch bands at 1.8–2.2 GHz, 4–7.2 GHz, and 9.8–10.4 GHz to eliminate interference from co-existing advanced wireless services (AWS), C bands, and X bands, respectively. By loading an E-shaped stub connected at the top of the patch and by etching a split elliptical slot at the lower end of the radiating patch, the band rejection characteristics from 1.8–2.2 GHz for the AWS and 4–7.2 GHz for the C band are achieved, respectively. Further, by making use of a C-shaped resonator near the feed line, band rejection from 9.8–10.4 GHz for the X band is obtained. By varying the parameters of the antenna, the notch bands are controlled independently over a wide range of frequencies. The antenna provides good radiation characteristics, constant group delay response, and better gain over the pass band. The experimental results indicate that the designed antenna offers a remarkable reduction in gain and high variation in group delay over the stop bands. To characterize the wideband property and linear phase response of the designed antenna, its time-domain performance is extensively described and evaluated, which assure pulse transmission with minimum distortion.
22 Mar 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, a low profile multiband microstrip patch antenna design for 5G mmWave wireless networks, applications and devices is proposed, which has a compact rectangular-Shaped structure of $8.6 \times 9.2 \times 0.6$ mm3 including the ground plane and the slotted inset feed line.
Abstract: This paper addresses a low profile multiband microstrip patch antenna design for 5G mm-Wave wireless networks, applications and devices. The proposed patch antenna has a compact rectangular-Shaped structure of $8.6 \times 9.2 \times 0.6$ mm3 including the ground plane and the slotted inset feed line, that is suitable to be used in smart handheld devices. The antenna operating at 23.8 GHz, 39.4 GHz, 66.2 GHz, 81.9 GHz and 93.9 GHz mm-Wave bands with a maximum bandwidth of 1.4663 GHz, 2.5634 GHz, 5.6609 GHz, 7.9341 GHz and 11.3 GHz respectively. At the resonant frequencies, the proposed design provides a gain of 6.1805 dBi, 6.525 dBi, 7.3768 dBi, 7.4845 dBi and 7.7006 dBi respectively. The 5G multiband antenna has been designed with advantages of light weight, low cost, low profile, high gain and efficiency using microstrip feeding technology. The geometry of the proposed antenna and various parameters such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain and impedance bandwidth are evaluated, presented and discussed. The designed multiband antenna provides a sufficient averaged gain of 6.91456 dBi and a total bandwidth of 28.9247 GHz. The compact and flexible structure of the proposed multiband antenna along with excellent matching, large impedance bandwidth, high gain and good efficiency enables it to be a strong candidate for various 5G mmWave applications, services and devices.
TL;DR: The measured results are in close agreement with simulated results, which reflects the authenticity of the offered design and makes this antenna suitable for many useful applications that include wireless access systems, broadband disaster relief applications, radio local area networks and very-small-aperture terminal.
Abstract: The plan and investigation of a compact offset elliptical ring microstrip patch antenna with a tapered feed line are discussed in this article for super wideband applications. The offered antenna exhibits 188.56% impedance bandwidth (2.31–40.0 GHz). The offered antenna is a low-profile printed antenna and gives a ratio bandwidth of 34.63:1 and a bandwidth dimension ratio of 1732 respectively. The radiation pattern plots of offered antenna exhibit that it accomplishes the durable omnidirectional behavior throughout the impedance bandwidth range. The maximum gain of the offered antenna is 5.81 dBi. The measured results (radiation pattern and S11) are in close agreement with simulated results, which reflects the authenticity of the offered design. Also, the flat group delay and desired isolation make this antenna suitable for many useful applications that include wireless access systems, broadband disaster relief applications, radio local area networks and very-small-aperture terminal.
TL;DR: In this article, a quadruple-mode cavity cavity wideband bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed, which consists of two symmetrical conductive posts in a cylindrical cavity, while four resonant modes of the cavity resonator are classified as TM01 mode, TM11 mode, and a pair of TE degenerate modes (TE+ mode and TE− mode).
Abstract: This letter presents a novel quadruple-mode cavity wideband bandpass filter (BPF). Unlike the conventional coaxial cavity resonator, the proposed cavity resonator is made up of two symmetrical conductive posts in a cylindrical cavity, while four resonant modes of the cavity resonator are classified as TM01 mode, TM11 mode, and a pair of TE degenerate modes (TE+ mode and TE− mode). All of the four modes are excited by a pair of L-shaped feed-lines. In addition, the four resonant modes are employed to constitute the passband of wideband BPF with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 45% at the central frequency of 2.2 GHz. Finally, the proposed filter is designed and fabricated. Good in-band filtering performance, wide upper stopband, and compact size are realized.
TL;DR: Two kinds of low-cost antennas for $D$ -band short-distance wireless communication applications are presented, fabricated by electric-discharging machining (EDM) and selective laser melting (SLM) 3-D printing, respectively, for reducing cost.
Abstract: This article presents two kinds of low-cost antennas for $D$ -band short-distance wireless communication applications. Both the antennas are excited by a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feed line based on the printed circuit board (PCB) process. The first type is a stainless-steel-based horn antenna, fabricated by electric-discharging machining (EDM) process and selective laser melting (SLM) 3-D printing, respectively, for reducing cost. To integrate the horn antennas with the SIW feed line, a wideband transition structure from SIW to the rectangular waveguide is designed by suppressing higher order eigenmodes. The experimental data show that the integrated horn antenna can achieve 18.9% (129.5–156.5 GHz) −10 dB impedance bandwidth and a peak gain of 15.46 dBi. The second type of antenna is a single-layer rectangular patch antenna fed by SIW. By locally widening the SIW feed line to generate an equivalent shunt capacitance instead of using complex resonators, a wide impedance bandwidth can be realized. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth and the peak gain of the patch antenna are 20.8% (125.3–154.4 GHz) and 7.26 dBi, respectively. The two proposed antennas can provide comparable performance for different application requirements under the premise of a low fabrication cost.
DOI•
21 Oct 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the design, optimization, fabrication, and measurement of the compact high gain microstrip antenna with a split ring resonator and set of inverted-F slots along with a matching stub for sub-6 GHz5G applications.
Abstract: This paper presents the design, optimization, fabrication, and measurement of the compact high gain microstrip antenna with a split ring resonator and set of inverted-F slots along with a matching stub for sub-6 GHz5G applications. In this investigation, different iterations are visualized by incorporating inverted F slots, a split ring resonator, and a matching stub in the transmission line. The advantages of each incorporated structure are analyzed, and a hybrid antenna consisting of the combination is proposed as a final antenna configuration with the optimum results. The proposed final design attains compactness and multi-band operation. Impedance matching is improved by using the stub matched technique at the feed line. The designed antenna shows the resonances at precisely 2.1 GHz, 3.3 GHz, and 4.1GHz. The proposed antenna is suitable for mobile cellular communication such as the LTE band (2.1 GHz), n78 band (3.3 GHz), and n77 band (4.1 GHz) of 5G bands. The gain retrieved from each band attains more than 5 dB value.
TL;DR: In this paper, a compact co-planar waveguide (CPW) fed planar elliptical antenna has been designed and presented for super wideband (SWB) characteristics.
Abstract: A compact co-planar waveguide (CPW) fed planar elliptical antenna has been designed and presented for super wideband (SWB) characteristics. The designed antenna has an overall size of 30 × 30 × 1.57 mm3, and it consists of an elliptical patch radiator fed using a modified 50 Ω CPW-fed tapered microstrip feed line. By using a semi-ring shaped structure with a tapered feed line, an impedance bandwidth of 180.66% has been observed from 1.27 to 25 GHz with a ratio bandwidth of 19.68:1. To validate simulation results, the designed antenna has been fabricated and measured, and a reasonable agreement has been observed between simulated and measured results. It has also been observed that the designed antenna offers good radiation properties over the entire operating bandwidth. The simulated average gain and radiation efficiency of the proposed SWB antenna is noted to be 4.3 dBi and 95.77%, respectively; while the measured average gain and radiation efficiency is 3.8 dBi and 94.69%, respectively.
05 Jun 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, a lightweight rectangular microstrip patch antenna with high gain and low cross-polarization characteristics for 5G wireless applications is designed using a slotted feed line by proximity coupled feeding and defected ground structure techniques.
Abstract: A lightweight rectangular microstrip patch antenna with high gain and low cross-polarization characteristics for 5G wireless applications is designed using a slotted feed line by proximity coupled feeding and defected ground structure techniques. The proposed model operates in the sub-6GHz (f=3.5GHz) band, with a narrow band of 3.5GHz (210 MHz). The design's dimensions are (43.36×35×1.575) mm3. The radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved by using defected ground structure and slotted strip to increase bandwidth, gain, efficiency, and reduce return loss. The simulation results show a 6.62 dB realized gain and high performance of 89%. Reflection coefficient (S11) and voltage standing wave ratio in this antenna configuration are -21.8 dB and 1.17 dB, respectively, with a -52.4 dB of low cross-polarization.
TL;DR: A compact asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS)-fed with Hilbert Curve Fractal Antenna (HCFA) is proposed for GSM, WiMAX and WLAN applications, efficient to cover a lower resonance frequency of 1.8 GHz for attaining 90% of compactness.
Abstract: A compact asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS)-fed with Hilbert Curve Fractal Antenna (HCFA) is proposed for GSM (1.8 GHz), WiMAX (3.3 GHz) and WLAN (5.5 GHz) applications. The proposed antenna occupies a compact size of 18 × 16.5 × 1.6 mm3 involving ACS feed line with HCFA and ground plane. A low cost FR-4 epoxy is used as a substrate material having a dielectric constant of $$\left( {\upvarepsilon_{\text{r}} } \right)$$
4.4. HCFA consists of line sectors governed in a predictable fractal order, thus it is capable of constructing multiband and shrinkage of antenna size. MATLAB program is utilized to confirm the number of fractal order. By incorporating a suitable fractal order of HCFA, it is efficient to cover a lower resonance frequency of 1.8 GHz for attaining 90% of compactness. Experimental and simulated data are examined. The proposed antenna yields a dipole pattern in the xz plane (elevation plane) and omnidirectional pattern in the yz plane (azimuthal plane).
TL;DR: In this paper, a compact antenna with co-planar waveguide (CPW) feed line for ultra wideband (UWB) applications is presented, where the antenna consists of a beveled radiating patch with wide rectangular slit at its upper side and a partial ground plane with insertion of symmetrically two-step bevels tapers at its center and sides, which provides a wide operating bandwidth.
Abstract: This paper presents a compact antenna with co-planar waveguide (CPW) feed line for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The proposed antenna consists of a beveled radiating patch with wide rectangular slit at its upper side and a partial ground plane with insertion of symmetrically two-step beveled tapers at its center and sides, which provides a wide operating bandwidth. The antenna is integrated with narrow rectangular-shaped parasitic elements with different lengths placed adjacent to radiant patch to significantly enhance the impedance matching and bandwidth, especially at the upper frequencies. The measured results show an |S11| less than -10 dB bandwidth of 2.5-19.8 GHz with 155% fractional bandwidth. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental measurements, which exhibits the validity of the proposed design approach. Moreover, the proposed CPW-fed antenna shows omnidirectional radiation patterns with stable gain within the operational range. The proposed compact antenna with low profile, light weight, large frequency bandwidth, ease of fabrication and low cost material is suitable for UWB applications.
TL;DR: The wider impedance bandwidth of the antenna suggest that it is not only capable of working in UWB range but also finds applications in X- and Ku-Band applications allocated for Satellite and RADAR.
Abstract: In this research article, a beetle shape Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna including dual notched band characteristics are presented for different wireless band applications (UWB, X-Band and Ku Band) which are also experimentally and computationally investigated. A single evoluation antenna is demonstrated which is than converted to MIMO configuration to overcome the demerits when placed in communication channel. The overall volume of the proposed antenna is 25 × 48 × 0.787 mm3 printed on Rogers RT Duroid5870. Dual notched bands are obtained by etching an L-shaped slot on a radiating patch for WiMAX interference and satellite Downlink System interference (DSS) is removed by placing pair of C-shaped parasitic elements near the feed line. The proposed antenna offers measured isolation between two ports less than − 20 dB in entire operating bandwidth (2.57–19.15 GHz). At non-radiating mode, the radiation efficiency of antenna drops down due to the insertion of stop and filters. The wider impedance bandwidth of the antenna suggest that it is not only capable of working in UWB range but also finds applications in X- and Ku-Band applications allocated for Satellite and RADAR. An antenna is also reconfigured using PIN diodes to control each notched bands independently. Proposed MIMO antenna also offers better diversity performance in terms of ECC 9.95 dB, TARC < − 40 dB and CCL < 0.4 b/s/Hz in entire operating bandwidth. The antenna also offers a gain of 3.11–4.92dBi and desired radiation pattern making it a suitable candidate for different wireless applications.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented design and the performance analysis of capacitive shunt RF MEMS switch for high frequency applications at frequency range of Ka-band and in wireless communication applications and satellite communication.
Abstract: This paper presents design and the performance analysis of capacitive shunt RF MEMS Switch Here, the proposed Rf MEMS Switch shows the low pull-in voltage ie 1197 V and performed at 38 GHz with high isolation To improve the performance of antenna characteristics microstrip feeding technique and co-planar-waveguide transmission line feeding are used in this design process The impedance matching of 50Ω in the antenna is depends on the width of the feed line can be observed through simulated smith chart by using the Ansoft HFSS simulator The micro strip patch antenna exhibits a Return loss is − 124264 dB and exhibits resonance at 38 GHz and the band width frequency from 37 to 39 GHzAfter analyzing the performance of the antenna then the antenna is integrated with RF MEMS capacitive shunt switch through co-planar wave guide transmission feedline technique By integrating with switch there is a frequency shift OF 1 GHz toward right from 38 GHz in antenna The resonance is occurred at 39 GHz with bandwidth frequency between 38 and 40 GHz The antenna exhibits return loss is − 272666 dB at operating frequency 39 GHz with RF MEMS switch and total gain of the antenna at 38 GHz with angle of ϕ = 90° is 56671 dB Thus the performance of the antenna is increased by integrating with RF MEMS switch These type of reconfigurable antennas are used in high frequency applications at frequency range of Ka-band and in wireless communication applications and satellite communication
TL;DR: This paper addresses a well dedicated switching mechanism proposed to switch the antenna radiated power for different frequencies and to support different communication network standards at different frequencies like WLAN 5.2/5.8 GHz, Wi-Fi 5.5 GHz, WiMAX 3.5/3.7 hz and 3G UMTS at 2.1‰GHz.
TL;DR: The proposed antenna is linearly polarized with high gain and efficiency at both the S and Ku bands and is suitable for S band (ISM, WLAN, WiMax) and Ku band (radar, satellite communications) applications.
Abstract: A compact multiband cavity-backed substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and metamaterial antenna with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed is designed for S and Ku bands thereby providing low and high frequency applications. Designing simultaneous achievement of high gain in S band and Ku band antennas are challenging task, but the proposed antenna overcomes this limitation. The proposed antenna has a ground structure with radiating T-shaped stub opposite to the feed line and a combination of SIW and metamaterial. SIW and complementary square split ring resonator (CSSRR) are used to enhance efficiency, directivity, gain and bandwidth. The proposed antenna structure uses FR-4 epoxy as the substrate material with Ɛr = 4.4 with a dimension of 40 × 40 × 1.6 mm and analyzed using ANSYS HFSS. The designed antenna resonates at three frequencies (i.e.), 4.23, 13.63 and 17.05 GHz with a gain greater than 5 dBi and efficiency greater than 80%. It is suitable for S band (ISM, WLAN, WiMax) and Ku band (radar, satellite communications) applications. The designed antenna is linearly polarized with high gain and efficiency at both the bands.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of FR4 substrate material on a compact Luna shaped high gain UWB antenna in the frequencies starting from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz is discussed.
12 Jun 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, a small size multi-band microstrip patch antenna with L-shaped and U-shaped slots that are etched on the patch of antenna along with a square plane with the feed line for WiMAX, WLAN, point-to-point wireless communication, and X-band applications is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents a small size multi-band microstrip patch antenna with L-shaped and U-shaped slots that are etched on the patch of antenna along with a square plane with the feed line for WiMAX, WLAN, point-to-point wireless communication, and X-band applications. The proposed antenna has the bandwidth range from 2-10 GHz. The return loss is less than -10 dB and the VSWR is in desired range for the mentioned bandwidth. The defected ground, the L-Shaped and U-shaped Slots are etched to obtain the multiband operation for the required frequency applications. The double feed is used to narrow the Bandwidth. The antenna is simulated using the Ansys Electronics Desktop and measured using Agilent VNA. The dimensions of an antenna are 55.9 mm x 39 mm.
TL;DR: In this paper, a miniaturized planar microstrip circularly polarized ultrawideband (UWB) antenna loaded by annular-ring slot is proposed and implemented, which shows improvements on the operating frequency band and realization of the circular polarization radiation.
Abstract: A miniaturized planar microstrip circularly polarized ultrawideband (UWB) antenna loaded by annular-ring slot is proposed and implemented in the paper. With the annular-ring slot loaded in the radiating patch of the antenna, the side of the radiating patch is connected by the asymmetric inverted L-shaped microstrip. At the same time, a quarter of a circle is cut off from the radiating patch. The above designed structure shows improvements on the operating frequency band and realization of the circular polarization radiation. A tapered microstrip is placed between the feed line and the radiating patch to achieve the slow-changing impedance transformation. The results of simulation and measurement demonstrate that the 3 dB axial ratio (AR) fractional bandwidth of the antenna structure achieves 21.25%. The peak gain within the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth fluctuates between 3.74 and 4.59 dBi. The antenna shows good impedance matching in the ultrawideband range. With the compact structure of the UWB antenna, it has potential application in various wireless communication devices.
25 May 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a triangular patch antenna with a 50Ω standard microstrip line, which was designed with a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate having relative permittivity and loss tangent of 2.2 and 0.0009, respectively.
Abstract: This paper presents the design and simulation of microstrip patch antenna operating at Ultra-Wideband (UWB) range. The designed antenna consists of a triangular patch feeding by a 50Ω standard microstrip line. The matching was provided by optimizing the feed line width and the size of two rectangular slots on the partial ground plane. The proposed antenna was designed with a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate (19×24.5×1.58mm3) having relative permittivity and loss tangent of 2.2 and 0.0009, respectively. Because when the antenna's current distribution is changed by modifying the antenna ground plane, the antenna’s characteristics change as well. As a result, the modified ground plane technique was used instead of the full ground plane to improve and transit from the traditional narrow band to wider bandwidth. Meanwhile, a parametric study of the proposed triangular shaped patch antenna was introduced to find the prospective effect on its performance, and to provide an actual performance indication once the proposed antenna is modeled and measured in the next phase. The proposed antenna was successfully simulated with the help of CST Microwave Studio 2017. The obtained results showed that the designed antenna attained a good return loss (<−10 dB) over BW of 17.6GHz, i.e., from 2.9 GHz − 20.5 GHz. The simulated antenna performance presented five different resonant frequencies at 5.85 GHz, 8.51 GHz, 11.97GHz, 14.68GHz and 18.37 GHz. The antenna had omnidirectional radiation patterns with a proper gain for UWB applications.
22 Mar 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual frequency SICL-based Cavity Backed Slot Antenna (CBSA) is proposed for millimetre wave band 5G spectrum coverage for customer premises equipments.
Abstract: This paper presents a compact dual frequency Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line (SICL) based Cavity Backed Slot Antenna (CBSA). A primary slot along with secondary slot is etched on the bottom plate of SICL cavity to generate two non-adjacent resonant frequencies. The primary slot is placed such that it is excited by ${\text{TE}}_{110(even)}^x$ mode of the SICL cavity. The secondary slot is placed near the primary slot and excited by the SICL feed line. At second resonance, SICL cavity acts as the reflector for the back radiation and significantly improves front to back ratio (FTBR). The size of the proposed SICL cavity backed slot antenna is found to be compact in comparision with other technologies based design including Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavity backed antennas proposed earlier. The antenna resonates at 24 GHz and 38 GHz with gain of 5.1 dBi and 4.8 dBi, exhibiting high FTBR of 14 dB and 28 dB with co to cross polarization ratio of -22 dB and -32 dB respectively. This antenna finds its application in millimetre wave band 5G spectrum coverage for customer premises equipments (CPE).