Topic
Fertility
About: Fertility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29988 publications have been published within this topic receiving 681106 citations.
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TL;DR: The aim of the review is to identify the fertility-related needs, concerns and preferences of young women with early breast cancer and the databases MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched using keywords, and reference lists were examined.
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in reproductive aged women. Adjuvant systemic therapy is recommended in most women and has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of recurrence and increase survival. However, there may be a negative impact of adjuvant systemic therapy on fertility as well as on subsequent quality of life. There are a number of fertility preservation options currently available and relevant information regarding these options should be provided prior to commencing adjuvant treatment. The aim of the review is to identify the fertility-related needs, concerns and preferences of young women with early breast cancer. The databases MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from 1988 onwards using keywords, and examining reference lists. Of the 499 articles identified, 20 met eligibility criteria and were reviewed. Multiple fertility-related information needs specific to this group regarding menstrual changes and potential infertility attitudes to, and actual decisions made regarding, pregnancy breastfeeding and contraception emerged. Information on fertility-related decisions was rated as important, and the preferred methods for obtaining this information was consultation with a specialist or a decision aid early in the treatment plan. There is limited research about fertility-related needs, and even less on contraceptive preferences and the attitudes of health care providers towards fertility-related issues. No studies describing the development of tools to assist with decisions about fertility-related choices were identified. Young women with early breast cancer have specific fertility- and menopause-related needs and concerns, which are commonly not adequately addressed or discussed prior to commencing adjuvant therapy.
201 citations
TL;DR: The analysis focuses on how much of the fertility decline is associated with such socioeconomic variables as health, education, economic status, and urbanization, or with “modernization” as a whole, and how much with population policies and programs, primarily family planning programs, designed to reduce rates of growth.
Abstract: This paper is a macro-analysis of the correlates of fertility decline in developing countries for the period 1965–75, during which there was substantial fertility decline in Asia, quite a bit in the Americas, some in North Africa, and almost none in black Africa. The analysis focuses on how much of the fertility decline is associated with such socioeconomic variables as health, education, economic status, and urbanization, or with “modernization” as a whole, and how much with population policies and programs, primarily family planning programs, designed to reduce rates of growth.
200 citations
TL;DR: A recent review of the recent literature linking environmental factors and adult female reproductive health for the UCSF-CHE Summit on Environmental Challenges to Reproductive Health and Fertility as discussed by the authors found that the strongest evidence of environmental contaminant exposures interfering with healthy reproductive function in adult females is for heavy metals, particularly lead.
200 citations
TL;DR: In this article, three events in American history are cited as evidence that behavior is influenced by the interplay between aspirations and the resources people have to satisfy their aspirations, and it is concluded that when the male feels unable to support a larger family the couple decides to postpone childbearing.
Abstract: 3 events in American history are cited as evidence that behavior is influenced by the interplay between aspirations and the resources people have to satisfy their aspirations. 1st the total fertility rate for the U.S. 1940-1975 is plotted against the employment rate for young adult males. The fertility rates rise and fall behind the employment rates trailing by about a year or so. It is concluded that when the male feels unable to support a larger family the couple decides to postpone childbearing. 2nd real gross national product per capita is plotted against personal happiness scores gathered as the result of post-World-War-2 surveys in various countries by Gallup NORC and Cantril. This found that personal happiness was reported to be higher in countries where real gains had taken place in per capita income. The 3rd application surveys the declining birthrates among U.S. farm families in the 1800s. The hypothesis is that farmers wanted each child to receive a proper start in life and this was possible only by limiting family size. Examination of census records shows that fertility declined more in older more settled areas much more rapidly than in the frontier areas. A possible explanation is that it was more difficult to obtain land for a son to farm in the older areas. A table plotting family size against farm acreage values seems to bear this out. It is hoped this line of inquiry will lead to further research.
200 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that although low fertility in China was achieved under the government's restrictive one-child policy, structural changes brought about by socioeconomic development and ideational shifts accompanying the new wave of globalization played a key role in China's fertility reduction.
Abstract: The article challenges the notion that below-replacement fertility and its local variation in China are primarily attributable to the government's birth planning policy. Data from the 2000 census and provincial statistical yearbooks are used to compare fertility in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, two of the most developed provinces in China, to examine the relationship between socioeconomic development and low fertility. The article demonstrates that although low fertility in China was achieved under the government's restrictive one-child policy, structural changes brought about by socioeconomic development and ideational shifts accompanying the new wave of globalization played a key role in China's fertility reduction.
200 citations