Topic
Fertility
About: Fertility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29988 publications have been published within this topic receiving 681106 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors obtained measures of yield and fertility from breeding receipts of artificial insemination and records of test-day yield, using the Henderson Method 3, maximum likelihood, and restricted maximum likelihood.
185 citations
TL;DR: Fertility patients frequently experience marital benefit and the study provides information about where to intervene with male fertility patients in order to increase their marital benefit after medically unsuccessful treatment.
185 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tried to bridge the gap between theory and the empirical literature by analyzing the relationship between fertility and child mortality and showed that a lower child mortality rate leads to lower fertility.
Abstract: Empirical studies have overwhelmingly shown that a lower child mortality rate leads to lower fertility. Yet it has not been possible to satisfactorily analyze this relationship in even the simplest theoretical models. This paper attempts to bridge this gap between theory and the empirical literature. The paper also presents results on the effects of child mortality changes on parental welfare. The analysis captures the dynamic stochastic feature of fertility choice, subsumes other endogeneous choices (e.g., the quality of the children), and treats the number of children as a discrete variable (this added realism is important for the analysis).
185 citations
TL;DR: Assuming HD is the major initial cause for infertility efforts should be made to identify new non-gonadal toxic chemotherapies to be able to regain fertility after effective therapy.
185 citations
TL;DR: A longer anogenital distance is associated with fatherhood and may predict normal male reproductive potential, and AGD may provide a novel metric to assess reproductive potential in men.
Abstract: Background: Anogenital distance (AGD), a sexually dimorphic measure of genital development, is a marker for endocrine disruption in animal studies and may be shorter in infant males with genital anomalies. Given the correlation between anogenital distance and genital development, we sought to determine if anogenital distance varied in fertile compared to infertile adult men. Methods: A cross sectional study of consecutive men being evaluated for infertility and men with proven fertility was recruited from an andrology clinic. Anogenital distance (the distance from the posterior aspect of the scrotum to the anal verge) and penile length (PL) were measured using digital calipers. ANOVA and linear regression were used to determine correlations between AGD, fatherhood status, and semen analysis parameters (sperm density, motility, and total motile sperm count). Findings: A total of 117 infertile men (mean age: 35.3 17.4) and 56 fertile men (mean age: 44.8 9.7) were recruited. The infertile men possessed significantly shorter mean AGD and PL compared to the fertile controls (AGD: 31.8 vs 44.6 mm, PL: 107.1 vs 119.5 mm, p0.01). The difference in AGD persisted even after accounting for ethnic and anthropomorphic differences. In addition to fatherhood, on both unadjusted and adjusted linear regression, AGD was significantly correlated with sperm density and total motile sperm count. After adjusting for demographic and reproductive variables, for each 1 cm increase in a man’s AGD, the sperm density increases by 4.3 million sperm per mL (95% CI 0.53, 8.09, p 0.03) and the total motile sperm count increases by 6.0 million sperm (95% CI 1.34, 10.58, p 0.01). On adjusted analyses, no correlation was seen between penile length and semen parameters. Conclusion: A longer anogenital distance is associated with fatherhood and may predict normal male reproductive potential. Thus, AGD may provide a novel metric to assess reproductive potential in men. Editorial Comment: This is a clever idea. You can often determine the gender of an animal by AGD, so might this metric be a marker of endocrine or reproductive function? These investigators observed that fertile men have longer AGDs than infertile ones, and provide evidence that AGD is correlated to sperm count. An interesting question is whether AGD combined with semen parameters in a mathematical model could more accurately diagnose male reproductive potential, since bulk semen analysis has proved to be a relatively poor assessor of fertility.
185 citations