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Fertility

About: Fertility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29988 publications have been published within this topic receiving 681106 citations.


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Journal Article
TL;DR: In the analysis of the effect of GSM equipment on the semen it was noted that an increase in the percentage of sperm cells of abnormal morphology is associated with the duration of exposure to the waves emitted by the GSM phone.
Abstract: The problem of the lack of offspring is a phenomenon concerning approxi- mately 15% of married couples in Poland. Infertility is defi ned as inability to conceive after a year of sexual intercourses without the use of contraceptives. In half of the cases the causative factor is the male. Males are exposed to the effect of various environmental factors, which may decrease their reproductive capabilities. A decrease in male fertility is a phenomenon which occurs within years, which may suggest that one of the reasons for the decrease in semen parameters is the effect of the development of techniques in the surrounding environment. A hazardous effect on male fertility may be manifested by a decrease in the amount of sperm cells, disorders in their mobility, as well as structure. The causative agents may be chemical substances, ionizing radiation, stress, as well as elec- tromagnetic waves. The objective of the study was the determination of the effect of the usage of cellular phones on the fertility of males subjected to marital infertility therapy. The following groups were selected from among 304 males covered by the study: Group A: 99 patients who did not use mobile phones, Group B: 157 males who have used GSM equipment sporadically for the period of 1-2 years, and Group C: 48 people who have been regularly using mobile phone for more than 2 years. In the analysis of the effect of GSM equipment on the semen it was noted that an increase in the percentage of sperm cells of abnormal morphology is associated with the duration of exposure to the waves emitted by the GSM phone. It was also confi rmed that a decrease in the percentage of sperm cells in vital progressing motility in the semen is correlated with the frequency of using mobile phones.

184 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the roles of the entitlements of the AFDC program and marital prospects in the fertility and marriage choices of young women are assessed in the context of a model incorporating heritable endowment heterogeneity, assortative mating, concern for child quality, and potential parental and public support alternatives.
Abstract: The roles of the entitlements of the AFDC program and marital prospects in the fertility and marriage choices of young women are assessed in the context of a model incorporating heritable endowment heterogeneity, assortative mating, concern for child quality, and potential parental and public support alternatives. Estimates based on data describing the fertility and marital experience up to age 23 of the eight birth cohorts of women in the NLSY provide evidence that higher AFDC benefit levels and lower marital prospects induce young women to choose to have a child outside of marriage.

184 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a single measurement of serum concentration of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is described to test the longstanding hypothesis that the size of the ovarian reserve is positively associated with fertility.
Abstract: The mechanism whereby the inherently high variation in ovary size and the total number of high-quality oocytes in ovaries (ovarian reserve) impact on ovarian function and fertility, diagnostics to measure the size of the ovarian reserve and the factors that cause variation in the ovarian reserve are unknown. Our results show that cattle can be phenotyped reliably based on the number of antral follicles growing during follicular waves (antral follicle count, AFC). Young adult cattle with a consistently low v. a high AFC have smaller gonads, a markedly diminished ovarian reserve and many other phenotypic characteristics usually associated with ovarian aging and infertility. A powerful new approach based on a single measurement of serum concentration of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is described to test the longstanding hypothesis that the size of the ovarian reserve is positively associated with fertility. Also, new evidence shows that maternal environment has a critical role in regulation of the high variation in the ovarian reserve and perhaps fertility in offspring. These results support the conclusion that the inherently high variation in the ovarian reserve, potentially caused by alterations in the maternal environment, has a negative impact on ovarian function that may result in suboptimal fertility in young adult cattle, and a single AMH measurement can be used reliably in future studies to determine if fertility is suboptimal in young adult cattle with low circulating AMH concentrations and a correspondingly diminished ovarian reserve.

184 citations

01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: The European fertility transiton was heavily influenced by social attitudes about economic well-being and religious beliefs as mentioned in this paper and the perceived advantages of fertility control and its religious acceptability in Europe during the fertility transition.
Abstract: The European fertility transiton was heavily influenced by social attitudes about economic well-being and religious beliefs. This paper considers the perceived advantages of fertility control and its religious acceptability in Europe during the fertility transition. 2 factors are fundamental to an understanding of the decline of marital fertility. Fertility behavior was heavily influenced by the nature of households economic circumstances; where a familial labor-intensive mode of production existed there was little movement in the direction of family limitation. Parents expectations of their childrens mobility into the wage earnig sector replaced this familial mode of production. As children increased their independence from parents the social and economic reasons for sustained high fertility were eroded. As the occupational structure opened up greater investment per child became became feasible and the greater costs of child rearing changed the flows of support between older and younger generations. Although this is an incentive for fertility decline an alteration in moral values and a way to control fertility were also necessary. The areas that were originally Catholic but experienced secularization at an early date tended to have the earliest marital fertility decline followed by Protestant areas that were less secular and last by very Catholic areas. The process of secularization during the last half of the 19th century was markedly different in Catholic and Protestant areas. Protestant areas became moer secular even within the churches parallel with the growth of socialism and social reform. The European experience shows that 1) the moral acceptability of fertility control was embedded in a broader ideological development not necessarily concurrent with economic modernization and 2) reactions to such changes occur in such a way that fundamentalist views are juxtaposed to secular ones.

184 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation of whether important racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic status health disparities exist in infertility, impaired fecundity, or infertility treatment found that older women, non-Hispanic white women, and women who are more educated are more likely to have ever received treatment.

184 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
20232,042
20223,958
20211,098
20201,105
20191,047