Topic
Fertility
About: Fertility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29988 publications have been published within this topic receiving 681106 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the evolution of child labor, fertility, and human capital in the process of development is explored, and the transition from early stages of development to a steady-state equilibrium where child labor is abolished and fertility is low.
Abstract: This paper explores the evolution of child labor, fertility, and human capital in the process of development. In early stages of development the economy is in a development trap where child labor is abundant, fertility is high and output per capita is low. Technological progress, however, increases gradually the wage differential between parental and child labor, thereby inducing parents to substitute child education for child labor and reduce fertility. The economy takes-off to a sustained growth steady-state equilibrium where child labor is abolished and fertility is low. Prohibition of child labor expedites the transition process and generates Pareto dominating outcome.
148 citations
TL;DR: The authors believe metformin should be considered as first-line therapy because it has the advantage to allow for normal single ovulation, for reduced early pregnancy loss, and, most importantly, lifestyle modifications and weight loss before pregnancy.
148 citations
TL;DR: Determination of how large a sperm population with competence for fertilisation and in-built ability to display these attributes under physiological signalling is would allow for a better estimation of fertility, provided that a particular sperm population produces this sub-population in a repeatable manner.
Abstract: Our ability to screen the structural and functional integrity of the spermatozoon in vitro has increased markedly over the past decades, but our capacity to estimate the fertility of a semen sample or of the sire from which it has been collected, especially in selected farm animal breeders, has not. The estimation of fertility is constrained by several factors (e.g. type of cell, analysis strength, sperm deposition strategies, recordings of fertility), including the fact that the ejaculate is composed of a diverse sperm population. Such cell heterogeneity is reflected not only in differences in the intactness of attributes needed for fertilisation, such as motility or morphology, but also in the relative ability of the spermatozoa to remain fertile over time, to sustain selection steps and responses to exogenous stimuli similar to those during sperm transport in the female genital tract, all of which account for innate variations in the fertilising ability among doses, ejaculates and sires. Determination of how large such a sperm population with competence for fertilisation and in-built ability to display these attributes under physiological signalling is would allow for a better estimation o f fertility, provided that th e particular s ire produces this sub-population in a repeatable manner. The value of these analyses is discussed in the present paper.
148 citations
TL;DR: A substantial minority of infertile couples use CAM treatments, chosen most commonly by wealthier couples, those not achieving a pregnancy, and those with a baseline belief in the effectiveness of CAM treatments.
148 citations
TL;DR: High alcohol consumption was associated with increased risk of infertility examinations at hospitals and with lower numbers of first and second partus, it may be important for the female partner in an infertile couple to limit alcohol intake or to not drink at all.
148 citations