Topic
Fertility
About: Fertility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29988 publications have been published within this topic receiving 681106 citations.
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TL;DR: This large study identified risk factors for decreased fertility that may be used for counseling male cancer patients.
Abstract: Purpose This study was undertaken to determine the effect of treatment for childhood cancer on male fertility. Patients and Methods We reviewed the fertility of male Childhood Cancer Survivor Study survivor and sibling cohorts who completed a questionnaire. We abstracted the chemotherapeutic agents administered, the cumulative dose of drug administered for selected drugs, and the doses and volumes of all radiation therapy from medical records. Risk factors for siring a pregnancy were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results The 6,224 survivors age 15 to 44 years who were not surgically sterile were less likely to sire a pregnancy than siblings (hazard ratio [HR], 0.56; 95% CI, −0.49 to 0.63). Among survivors, the HR of siring a pregnancy was decreased by radiation therapy of more than 7.5 Gy to the testes (HR, 0.12; 95% CI, −0.02 to 0.64), higher cumulative alkylating agent dose (AAD) score or treatment with cyclophosphamide (third tertile HR, 0.42; 95% CI, −0.31 to 0.57) or procarbazine (...
313 citations
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that the average fertility rate of women living in the northern Ache region of eastern Paraguay was 8.15 prior to contact with the society at large; fertility increased in the 1980s following sedentarization.
Abstract: There were 3 study communities: 1) the northern Ache in the subtropical forests of eastern Paraguay. During 2 field sessions 1981-82 and 1984-85 the Ache spent their time on hunting-and-gathering treks foraging and at the mission with 200 inhabitants where they engaged in horticulture fishing hunting and gathering. Reproductive histories of a sample of 174 Ache women indicated total fertility rate of 8.15 prior to contact with the society at large; fertility increased in the 1980s following sedentarization. 2) The Diamante consisted of some 200 individuals of mixed but mostly Piro ancestry in southeastern Peru at the base of the Andes. The Piro practiced horticulture shotgun hunting fishing gathering and some wage labor. The total fertility rate of 27 women currently living in the community was 8.2. The behavioral data were collected from August 1988 to June 1989. 3) The Yomiwato consisted of 105 Machiguenga in southeastern Peru subsisting upon swidden horticulture bow-and-arrow hunting fishing and gathering. The total fertility rate of 22 women was 8.1. The data were collected from September 1988 to May 1989. The average Machiguenga child under the age of 18 consumed 2120 calories per day but produced only 500 calories daily during the period from birth to age 18. Machiguenga adults on the other hand produced caloric surpluses starting at about age 20. The average Piro child consumed about 2300 calories per day and produced only 370. The average adult over age 60 produced some 6600 calories but consumed only around 2500. On average Ache children consumed 2500 calories and acquired about 560 calories. These results have negative implications for Caldwells wealth flows hypothesis.
313 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated patterns in childbearing among foreign-born women in Sweden during the 1960s to 1990s and applied event-history techniques to longitudinal populatio...
Abstract: The present study provides an investigation of patterns in child¬bearing among foreign-born women in Sweden during the 1960s to 1990s. Event-history techniques are applied to longitudinal populatio ...
311 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that women with college degrees experienced dramatic shifts toward later ages of childbearing, consistent with arguments about the increased opportunity for women to pursue careers and about changes in the availability of child care.
Abstract: Using pooled data from the 1980, 1985, and 1990 Current Population Surveys, we describe fertility trends by age and education for the period 1963-1989. Interest focuses on whether the effects of education have changed across this period. We show that women with college degrees experienced dramatic shifts toward later ages of childbearing. This shift is consistent with arguments we develop about the increased opportunity for women to pursue careers and about changes in the availability of child care.
311 citations
TL;DR: There was a dose–response relationship, and the BMI effect was stronger when the data were limited to couples with the highest-quality infertility data, suggesting that erectile dysfunction in older men does not explain the association.
Abstract: Background:Overweight and obese men have been reported to have lower sperm counts and hormonal changes, but data are lacking regarding effects on couple fertility.Methods:We examined the relationship between male body mass index (BMI) and infertility in couples enrolled in the Agricultural Health St
311 citations