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Fertility
About: Fertility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29988 publications have been published within this topic receiving 681106 citations.
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TL;DR: The authors compare the predictions of three variants of the altruistic parent model of Barro and Becker for the relationship between child mortality and fertility and conclude that factors other than declining infant and child mortality are responsible for the large decline in net reproduction rates observed in industrialized countries over the last century.
Abstract: I compare the predictions of three variants of the altruistic parent model of Barro and Becker for the relationship between child mortality and fertility. In the baseline model fertility choice is continuous, and there is no uncertainty over the number of surviving children. The baseline model is contrasted to an extension with discrete fertility choice and stochastic mortality and a setup with sequential fertility choice. The quantitative predictions of the models are remarkably similar. While in each model the total fertility rate falls as child mortality declines, the number of surviving children increases. The results suggest that factors other than declining infant and child mortality are responsible for the large decline in net reproduction rates observed in industrialized countries over the last century.
217 citations
TL;DR: Artificial insemination of cattle with sexed, frozen/thawed sperm appears to be no different from non-sexed controls in birthweight, mortality, rate of gain, and incidence of abnormalities, and this technology likely will become commercially available in many countries within a few years.
217 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1996TL;DR: The Professional Model of Social Classes: An Intellectual History as mentioned in this paper has been used as the official system of social classification in the UK since the early 1900s and has been shown to be effective in fertility change.
Abstract: Introduction Part I. Historiographical Introduction: A Genealogy of Approaches: 1. The construction and the study of the fertility decline in Britain: social science and history Part II. The Professional Model of Social Classes: An Intellectual History: 2. Social classification of occupations and the GRO in the nineteenth century 3. Social classification and nineteenth-century naturalistic social science 4. The emergence of a social explanation of class inequalities among environmentalists, 1901-1904 5. The emergence of the professional model as the official system of social classification, 1905-1928 Part III. A New Analysis of the 1911 Census Occupational Fertility Data: 6. A test of the coherence of the professional model of class-differential fertility decline 7. Multiple fertility declines in Britain: occupational variation in completed fertility and nuptiality 8. How was fertility controlled? The spacing versus stopping debate and the culture of abstinence Part IV. Conceptions and Refutations: 9. A general approach to fertility change and the history of falling fertilities in England and Wales 10. Social class, communities, gender and nationalism in the study of fertility change Appendices Bibliography Index.
216 citations
TL;DR: Catholic and non-Catholic fertility during the post-World War II period are compared and it is shown that the differential increased markedly during the baby boom and then declined to a point where the two trends nearly come together in the mid1970s.
Abstract: Catholic and non-Catholic fertility during the post-World War II period are compared in this paper. Evidence accumulated across five sample surveys of fertility in the United States, which were conducted at five-year intervals from 1955 through 1975, forms the basis for the analysis; both cohort and period measures are employed. Starting from a situation where Catholic fertility was very little higher than that of non-Catholics, it is shown that the differential increased markedly during the baby boom and then declined to a point where the two trends nearly come together in the mid1970s. Interpretation of the recent convergence in the light of various theories that have been put forward to explain the differential suggests that it will be an enduring phenomenon.
215 citations