Fiber to the x

About: Fiber to the x is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 813 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8234 citations. The topic is also known as: FTTX & FTTx.

Ethernet passive optical network (EPON): building a next-generation optical access network

Abstract: This article describes Ethernet passive optical networks, an emerging local subscriber access architecture that combines low-cost point-to-multipoint fiber infrastructure with Ethernet. EPONs are designed to carry Ethernet frames at standard Ethernet rates. An EPON uses a single trunk fiber that extends from a central office to a passive optical splitter, which then fans out to multiple optical drop fibers connected to subscriber nodes. Other than the end terminating equipment, no component in the network requires electrical power, hence the term passive. Local carriers have long been interested in passive optical networks for the benefits they offer: minimal fiber infrastructure and no powering requirement in the outside plant. With Ethernet now emerging as the protocol of choice for carrying IP traffic in metro and access networks, EPON has emerged as a potential optimized architecture for fiber to the building and fiber to the home.

Fiber-to-the-home services based on wavelength-division-multiplexing passive optical network

Abstract: It is anticipated that more than 75 Mb/s per subscriber is required for the convergence service such as triple-play service (TPS) Among several types of high-speed access network technologies, wavelength-division-multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) is the most favorable for the required bandwidth in the near future Furthermore, WDM technologies, such as athermal arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) and low-cost light source, have matured enough to be applied in the access network In this paper, the authors propose and implement a WDM-PON system as a platform for TPS The system employs an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE)-injected Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser diode scheme It has 32 channels of 125 Mb/s and adopts Ethernet as Layer 2 Multicast and virtual local area network features are used for the integration of services such as Internet protocol high-definition broadcast, voice-over Internet protocol, video on demand, and video telephone The services were demonstrated using the WDM-PON system

Fiber to the Home/Fiber to the Premises: What, Where, and When?

Abstract: After conquering the core and metropolitan networks, fiber is now penetrating into the access domain. Its low loss and huge bandwidth enable the delivery of any current and foreseeable set of broadband services, and also make it a nice match to the wireless link to the end user. Cost effectiveness is a key issue, and will be decisive for the network topology choices. Point-to-point may be the most cost-effective for short-reach access, whereas point-to-multipoint may be the most interesting at medium- to long-reach access, or when line terminations in the local exchange become a key issue. A number of optical techniques being deployed for shared-fiber multiple access are discussed, based on time slot multiplexing, frequency slot multiplexing, code division multiplexing, and wavelength multiplexing, including their application in fiber to the home/fiber to the premises (FTTH/FTTP) networks for fast data transfer (asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) or Ethernet based) and for broadband service distribution (such as CATV). In the research laboratories, techniques aiming at next-generation optical access are being studied, such as wavelength routing for flexible capacity allocation and easily adaptable hosting of services and service providers, and radio-over-fiber techniques creating a powerful symbiosis of the fiber world and the wireless world by enabling centralized radio signal processing

OCDMA over WDM PON-solution path to gigabit-symmetric FTTH

Abstract: It will be revealed that a myth of deploying low bit-rate uplink fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) services while providing a high bit-rate downlink is wrong. Therefore, for the future broadband FTTH services, the focus should be on the capability to provide gigabit- or even multigigabits-per-second both in up- and downlinks, namely gigabit symmetric systems. Optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) now deserves a revisit as a powerful alternative to time-division multiple access and wavelength-division multiple (WDM) access in FTTH systems. In this paper, the authors will first highlight the OCDMA systems. The system architecture and its operation principle, code design, optical en/decoding, using a long superstructured fiber Bragg grating (SSFBG) en/decoder, and its system performance will be described. Next, an OCDMA over WDM passive optical network (PON) as a solution for the gigabit-symmetric FTTH systems will be proposed. The system architecture and the WDM interchannel crosstalk will be studied. It will be shown that by taking advantage of reflection spectrum notches of the SSFBG en/decoder, the WDM interchannel crosstalk can be suppressed and can enable OCDMA over WDM PON to simultaneously provide multigigabit-per-second up- and downlinks to a large number of users.

Energy Consumption in Access Networks

Abstract: We present a comparison of energy consumption of access networks. We consider passive optical networks, fiber to the node, point-to-point optical systems and WiMAX. Optical access technologies provide the most energy-efficient solutions.