Showing papers on "Field (Bourdieu) published in 2017"
Book•
19 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a valuable contribution to the field of Human Geography called Housing Policy and Economic Power (HPEP), which is a collection of housing policy and economic power.
Abstract: Published in 2002, Housing Policy and Economic Power is a valuable contribution to the field of Human Geography.
149 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors draw on data from 20 years of qualitative projects with parents to discuss and analyse four issues: the apparent responsibilities of parents to deliver both the school and home setting which will provide "the best" for their children, the gendering of parental responsibilities, and the class and ethnicity shape parents' relationships with educational institutions.
Abstract: This article draws on data from 20 years of qualitative projects with parents to discuss and analyse four issues. The first is the apparent responsibilities of parents to deliver both the school and home setting which will provide ‘the best’ for their children. Second, the gendering of parental responsibilities. Third, I investigate how class and ethnicity shape parents’ relationships with educational institutions. Drawing on Bourdieu’s conceptual framework, I consider how parents’ habitus and the forms and volumes of capital they both possess and can activate inform their struggles for position in the field of schooling. Fourth, I seek to complicate the binary between middle-class and working-class parents with the former commonly assumed to be powerful and effective in the field of schooling, and the latter powerless and ineffective. I conclude by considering the direction of future research on home–school relations.
125 citations
TL;DR: The authors argues that attention to representational practices and epistemology has been insufficient for expanding the boundaries of International Relations as a field of study, and argues that it has been insufficie...
Abstract: This article argues that attention to representational practices and epistemology, however important for expanding the boundaries of International Relations as a field of study, has been insufficie...
97 citations
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: The relationship between consumption and practice is discussed in this article, with the specific purpose of trying to isolate a usable concept of practice to deal with issues of consumption, and the relationship between the concepts of practice and field are discussed.
Abstract: Pierre Bourdieu is universally acknowledged as a founding figure in the revival of interest in theories of practice. He is equally widely recognised for his contribution to the study of modern consumption. Although his analysis of the social distribution of taste remains highly controversial it can rarely be bypassed by scholars seeking to give explanations of patterns of consumption. Distinction is Bourdieu’s best-known and most celebrated work among scholars of consumption. The fact that it is a convoluted, fragmentary and theoretically inconsistent book is compensated for by its originality, verve, critical purpose and sociological relevance. In this chapter I discuss the relationship between its key concepts, with the specific purpose of trying to isolate a usable concept of practice to deal with issues of consumption. This involves an extended discussion of the relationship between his uses of the concepts of practice and field. Bearing in mind that the scientific object of Distinction is not consumption, but social judgements of taste, the relationship between consumption and practice deserves unpacking. I address that by asking why and with what consequences Bourdieu withdrew from extended reflection on the concept of practice and argue that its reincorporation into the contemporary analysis of consumption might resolve some theoretical and empirical problems. Clarification of Bourdieu’s controversial concepts might improve accounts of consumption, particularly so that they may deal with ordinary consumption.
93 citations
TL;DR: The concept of inclusive research epitomizes the transformation away from research on people, to research with them as discussed by the authors, applied particularly, but not exclusively, in the field of learning disabilities.
Abstract: The concept of inclusive research epitomizes the transformation away from research on people, to research with them. Applied particularly, but not exclusively, in the field of learning disabilities...
87 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an understanding of power as a relational capacity to act is integrated with a sociotechnical and relational understanding of constitutive power, which enables us to explore the co-production of social relations, technology and nature.
Abstract: The field of sustainability transitions has recently benefitted from efforts by multiple scholars at better conceptualizing power and politics, and integrating insights from other fields. This article argues for an understanding of power as relational, productive, contingent and situated. I conceptualize power to the aim of understanding and explaining how and where power relations become de/stabilized in energy transitions in poor rural communities. An understanding of power as a relational capacity to act is integrated with a sociotechnical and relational understanding of constitutive power, which enables us to explore the co-production of social relations, technology and nature. The resulting conceptualization is applied to a case of mini-hydropower electrification in Tanzania. I find that electrification simultaneously reinforces social inequality and enhances social mobility. I identify material, symbolic and discursive domains that work as sources of de/stabilization of social hierarchies, producing effects on the system configuration and relations of class and gender.
85 citations
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide some background knowledge for the sentiment analysis research field and provide an overview of the current challenges related to the social network environment, which are further detailed in the subsequent chapters.
Abstract: In this chapter we provide some background knowledge for the sentiment analysis research field, subsequently providing an overview of the current challenges related to the social network environment. The main content of the chapter is devoted to introducing the reader to some preliminary concepts, which are further detailed in the subsequent chapters.
67 citations
TL;DR: In the UK, higher education is widely assumed to be a major social good. Governments see it as a means of development, corporations see it a field of investment and a source of innovation, while the popula...
Abstract: Higher education is widely assumed to be a major social good. Governments see it as a means of development, corporations see it as a field of investment and a source of innovation, while the popula...
64 citations
TL;DR: The authors explored the contrasting predispositions of a group of working-class and middle-class undergraduates to using nepotism to gain advantage in the labour market and found that the middle class students, whose habitus was aligned to the field, were more likely to express a willingness to utilise whatever networks they could to secure a "foot in the door".
Abstract: This article explores the contrasting predispositions of a group of working-class and middle-class undergraduates to using nepotism to gain advantage in the labour market. Drawing upon a Bourdieusian framework, it is argued that the middle-class students, whose habitus was aligned to the field, were more likely to express a willingness to utilise whatever networks they could to secure a ‘foot in the door’. Meanwhile, the working-class students, who were more insecure about the legitimacy of their participation within a middle-class field, expressed a commitment to a form of honour which ruled out using contacts on the grounds that it was morally unacceptable. They discussed a desire to ‘prove themselves’ which is arguably symptomatic of a deeply ingrained reliance on meritocracy. I explore how this may arise due to their habitus having developed within a dominated position in society where respectability is crucial to generating feelings of self-worth and value.
63 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of diversity on how workers are organized using data from a field experiment conducted by the United States Department of Labor and the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).
Abstract: Coworkers are increasingly diverse in their nationality and skill sets. This paper studies the effect of diversity on how workers are organized using data from a field experiment conducted...
62 citations
TL;DR: Akcaoglu and Wacquant as discussed by the authors explored the relationship between social space, field, and symbolic power in Bourdieu's work and warned against the seductions of speaking Bourdieuese.
Abstract: In 2014–2015, Aksu Akcaoglu was a visiting scholar in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Berkeley, where he had come to work with Loic Wacquant on his research on “the conservative habitus” in contemporary Turkey (with the support of the TUBITAK Science Program). In this dialogue, he invites Wacquant to explicate the philosophy and pedagogy of his celebrated Berkeley seminar on Pierre Bourdieu. This provides an opportunity to revisit key conceptual nodes in Bourdieu’s work, to spotlight its anti-theoreticist cast as well as the influences of Bachelard and Cassirer; to clarify the relationships between social space, field, and symbolic power; and to warn against the seductions of “speaking Bourdieuese.”
01 Feb 2017
TL;DR: In recent years, the demands for behavior analysis to serve consumers with diverse cultural backgrounds have significantly increased and the field is in great need of culturally competent behavior analysts who can integrate appropriate cultural considerations to their programs as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In recent years, the demands for behavior analysis to serve consumers with diverse cultural backgrounds have significantly increased. The field is in great need of culturally competent behavior analysts who can integrate appropriate cultural considerations to their programs. The field of behavior an
TL;DR: A crucial starting point for any Bourdieusian field analysis is to relate the field under consideration to the field of power, so as to enable an examination of its relative autonomy or heteronomy, i.e. its relation to other fields of society and to society as a whole as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A crucial yet often-overlooked starting point for any Bourdieusian field analysis is to relate the field under consideration to the ‘field of power’, so as to enable an examination of its relative autonomy or heteronomy, i.e. its relation to other fields of society and to society as a whole. However, Bourdieu and his successors did not implement this key conceptual consideration systematically, or did so peripherally at best. For this reason both the theoretical and the empirical status of the field of power remain, for the most part, unclear. The fundamental philosophy of ‘methodological relationism’ has not been systematically applied, of all things, to a core element of Bourdieu’s theory of society which basically is a theory of power relations. We argue that a relational approach to the field of power is essential for theorizing the relation between (a) fields and (b) fields and the social space.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the current state of the research and practice on sustainable business models (SBMs), motivated by the question of whether dealing with SBMs is just a passing fancy or an emerging field, maybe even a field in its own right.
TL;DR: A hierarchy of knowledges and power within the healthcare field which determines the forms of knowledge that are legitimate and can operate as capital within this complex and dynamic arena is revealed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss a methodology to study social interactions and their environmental context using big data and discuss its application in the context of social interaction analysis and social interaction modeling.
Abstract: Thanks to the Internet and the related availability of “Big Data,” social interactions and their environmental context can now be studied experimentally. In this article, we discuss a methodology t...
Book•
06 Jun 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, Massumi et al. present an open access book, licensed under the Creative Commons By Attribution Share Alike license, which allows anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy their work so long as the authors and source are cited and resulting derivative works are licensed under similar or similar license.
Abstract: Rights © 2017, Brian Massumi. This is an open access book, licensed under Creative Commons By Attribution Share Alike license. Under this license, authors allow anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy their work so long as the authors and source are cited and resulting derivative works are licensed under the same or similar license. No permission is required from the authors or the publisher. Statutory fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Read more about the license at creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
TL;DR: The final conclusion of this paper is that undemocratic authorship decisions and authorship based performance assessment together are a form of symbolic violence.
Abstract: This paper invokes the conceptual framework of Bourdieu to analyse the mechanisms, which help to maintain inappropriate authorship practices and the functions these practices may serve. Bourdieu's social theory with its emphasis on mechanisms of domination can be applied to the academic field, too, where competition is omnipresent, control mechanisms of authorship are loose, and the result of performance assessment can be a matter of symbolic life and death for the researchers. This results in a problem of game-theoretic nature, where researchers' behaviour will be determined more by the logic of competition, than by individual character or motives. From this follows that changing this practice requires institutionalized mechanisms, and change cannot be expected from simply appealing to researchers' individual conscience. The article aims at showing that academic capital (administrative power, seniority) is translated into honorary authorship. With little control, undetected honorary authorship gives the appearance of possessing intellectual capital (scientific merit). In this way a dominant position is made to be seen as natural result of intellectual ability or scientific merit, which makes it more acceptable to those in dominated positions. The final conclusion of this paper is that undemocratic authorship decisions and authorship based performance assessment together are a form of symbolic violence.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the narrative repertoire of the street field, including stories of crime business, violence, drugs and the "hard life", and argue for the inclusion of narrative for understanding street fields.
Abstract: The work of Bourdieu has increasingly gained interest in criminology. His theoretical framework is rich and arguably the most sophisticated approach to social inequality and difference in sociology. It has however, been criticized for bias towards the structural aspects of social life, and for leaving little space for the constitutive, and creative role of language. We argue for the inclusion of narrative for understanding street fields. Based on qualitative interviews with 40 incarcerated drug dealers in Norway, we describe the narrative repertoire of the street field, including stories of crime business, violence, drugs and the ‘hard life’. The narrative repertoire is constituted by street capital, but also upholds and produces this form of capital. Street talk is embedded in objective social and economic structures and displayed in the actors’ habitus. Narratives bind the street field together: producing social practices and social structure.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors combine Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus and cultural capital with Lyotard's account of performativity to construct a three-tiered framework in order to explore how managerialism has affected the academic habitus.
Abstract: This article combines Bourdieu’s concepts of field, habitus and cultural capital with Lyotard’s account of performativity to construct a three-tiered framework in order to explore how managerialism has affected the academic habitus. Specifically, this article examines the adoption of group assignments as a means of developing teamwork skills in one Australian case study organisation. On a macrolevel, by viewing the employability imperative as one manifestation of managerialism in the higher education field, we argue that managerialism has created a performative culture in the case study organisation evidenced by an increasing emphasis on performance indicators. On a mesolevel, by examining how academics use group assessments to respond to demands made by governments and employers for ‘employable graduates’, we highlight the continuity of academic habitus. Finally, on a microlevel by drawing on alumni reflections regarding their experiences of group assessments at university, we are able to shed some light on their evaluation of this pedagogical tool.
TL;DR: The geography of power in political ecology engages a dialogue of knowledge that instigates the main forces of discursive strategies to deconstruct the unifying logic that leads the world toward socio-environmental degradation, fostering innovative theoretical capacities, stimulating sociological imagination and en-living social imaginaries that open new paths toward the construction of a sustainable world that embraces diverse, different, and other possible worlds as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Political ecology goes beyond the inquiry of power strategies occurring in socio-ecological systems. Power–knowledge relations are established within the field of political ecology itself. Different “regional political ecologies” cover the planet, irrupting from the depths of the environmental crisis, rooted in ontologies of diversity, difference, and otherness, resisting a unifying paradigm under the hegemonic process of globalization. The geography of power in the field of political ecology engages a dialogue of knowledge that instigates the main forces of discursive strategies to deconstruct the unifying logic that lead the world toward socio-environmental degradation, fostering innovative theoretical capacities, stimulating sociological imagination and en-living social imaginaries that open new paths toward the construction of a sustainable world that embraces diverse, different, and other possible worlds.
12 Jul 2017
TL;DR: In Relational Freedom: Emergent properties of the interpersonal field as discussed by the authors, Stern takes the reader on an intimate journey through an interpersonal landscape, where the reader is taken on an interpersonal expedition.
Abstract: In Relational Freedom: Emergent properties of the interpersonal field Donnel Stern takes the reader on an intimate journey through an interpersonal landscape. This interpersonal expedition occurs s...
TL;DR: This paper developed a distinctively poststructuralist approach to the analysis of policy discourse in the field of environmental politics, building on the work of Laclau and Mouffe and others.
Abstract: Building on the work of Laclau and Mouffe and others, this article develops a distinctively poststructuralist approach to the analysis of policy discourse in the field of environmental politics. De...
TL;DR: It is described how friends were integral in drinking experiences, and drinking with friends was equated with fun and enjoyment, and Bourdieu's theory suggests that population‐level interventions that regulate alcohol consumption, and thus disrupt the field, are likely to facilitate behaviour change among young people by driving a response in habitus.
Abstract: Drinking is viewed by young people as a predominantly social activity which provides an opportunity for entertainment and bonding with friends. Using Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, field and capital, this article explores young people's attitudes and beliefs around alcohol use, influences on behaviour, and the role of peers, with a view to informing the development of preventive interventions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 young people aged 18–20 in the south west of England. We describe how friends were integral in drinking experiences, and drinking with friends was equated with fun and enjoyment. In this way, the desire for social and symbolic capital appeared to be a key motivator for adolescent drinking. Critically, however, wider cultural norms played the predominant role in shaping behaviour, via the internalisation of widely accepted practice and the subsequent externalisation of norms through the habitus. Applying Bourdieu's theory suggests that population-level interventions that regulate alcohol consumption, and thus disrupt the field, are likely to facilitate behaviour change among young people by driving a response in habitus.
TL;DR: It is suggested that entrance is a distinct phase of fieldwork that differs from negotiating access and is a rite of passage into a complex practice world and marks a critical field moment.
Abstract: The concept of ‘the field’ is significant in ethnographic research as well as qualitative research methods more generally. However, how a field researcher enters the field is usually taken for granted after gaining access to the field. We suggest that entrance is a distinct phase of fieldwork that differs from negotiating access. Entrance is not a trivial event; rather, it is a rite of passage into a complex practice world and marks a critical field moment. Drawing on our ethnography and insights from hermeneutics and anthropology, we show that a practical understanding of the field represents a fusion of horizons where a fieldworker is thrown. The concept of thrownness highlights the fact that the fieldworkers' own historicity and prejudices affect their entrance into the field; hence, entrance into the field orientates an ethnographer in the field and influences the entire period of fieldwork that follows. Our theorizing is intended as a contribution towards advancing the discussion of qualitative research methods.
TL;DR: Translational ecology (TE) prioritizes the understanding of social systems and decision contexts in order to address complex natural resource management issues as discussed by the authors. But the body of literature addressing such approaches is limited.
Abstract: Translational ecology (TE) prioritizes the understanding of social systems and decision contexts in order to address complex natural resource management issues. Although many practitioners in applied fields employ translational tactics, the body of literature addressing such approaches is limited. We present several case studies illustrating the principles of TE and the diversity of its applications. We anticipate that these examples will help others develop scientific products that decision makers can use “off the shelf” when solving critical ecological and social challenges. Our collective experience suggests that research of such immediate utility is rare. Longterm commitment to working directly with partners to develop and reach shared goals is central to successful translation. The examples discussed here highlight the benefits of translational processes, including actionable scientific results, more informed policy making, increased investment in sciencedriven solutions, and inspiration for partnerships. We aim to facilitate future TEbased projects and build momentum for growing this community of practice.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the situation in segregated Roma settlements in Slovakia and highlighted the critical role of power asymmetries at a local level, focusing on affordability, accessibility and quality of water.
Abstract: This article contributes to the emerging critiques of inequalities in the access to water by focusing on three inter-related aspects: affordability, accessibility and quality of water. Based on extensive fieldwork, the paper explores the situation in segregated Roma settlements in Slovakia and highlights the critical role of power asymmetries at a local level. It builds a conceptual framework using Bourdieu’s notions of “social field”, “habitus”, “doxa”, and “capital”, highlighting the central role of power asymmetries at a local level. Insights are drawn on how dominantly positioned social actors command decision-making regarding water supply, and how social hierarchies, inequalities and the “positionality” of Roma as a marginalized group are functional to the lack of political will to address insufficient water access for Roma in any efficient manner.