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Fish oil

About: Fish oil is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9887 publications have been published within this topic receiving 367953 citations. The topic is also known as: fish oils & Fish oil.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Low-dose fish oil supplementation has short-term and long-term normalizing effects on the abnormal rectal proliferation patterns associated with increased colon cancer risk.

199 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that fish oils rich in highly polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids do not enhance large bowel carcinogenesis and that the fatty acid composition of the dietary fat is one of the determining factors in large bowel cancerogenesis.
Abstract: The effect of dietary intake of different levels of Menhaden fish oil on azoxymethane-induced carcinogenesis was examined in male F344 rats fed the semipurified diets. Starting at 5 weeks of age, groups of animals were fed the 5% corn oil (low corn oil) diet. At 7 weeks of age, all animals except the vehicle-treated controls were given s.c. injections of azoxymethane (15 mg/kg body weight/week for 2 weeks). After 4 days, groups of animals were fed the diets containing 4% Menhaden oil + 1% corn oil (low fish oil), 22.5% Menhaden oil + 1% corn oil (high fish oil), 5% corn oil, and 23.5% corn oil (high corn oil). Thirty-four weeks after azoxymethane injections, all animals were necropsied. High fish oil diet had no tumor promoting effect in the large intestine when compared to the high corn oil diet. There was no difference in large intestinal tumor incidence among the other dietary groups. The results of this study indicate that fish oils rich in highly polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids do not enhance large bowel carcinogenesis and that the fatty acid composition of the dietary fat is one of the determining factors in large bowel carcinogenesis.

199 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present study showed that during parr-smolt transformation in Atlantic salmon there is a pre-adaptive increase in hepatocyte fatty acyl desaturation/elongation activities that is controlled primarily by environmental factors such as photoperiod and temperature but that can also be significantly modulated by diet.
Abstract: Duplicate groups of Atlantic salmon parr were fed diets containing either fish oil (FO), rapeseed oil (RO), linseed oil (LO) or linseed oil supplemented with arachidonic acid (20:4n-6; AA) (LOA) from October (week 0) to seawater transfer in March (week 19). From March to July (weeks 20–34) all fish were fed a fish oil-containing diet. Fatty acyl desaturation and elongation activity in isolated hepatocytes incubated with [1-14C]18:3n-3 increased in all dietary groups, peaking in early March about one month prior to seawater transfer. Desaturation activities at their peak were significantly greater in fish fed the vegetable oils, particularly RO, compared to fish fed FO. Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3:DHA) and AA in liver and gill polar lipids (PL) increased in all dietary groups during the freshwater phase whereas eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3; EPA) increased greatly in all groups after seawater transfer. The AA/EPA ratio in tissue PL increased up to seawater transfer and then decreased after transfer. AA levels and the AA/EPA ratio in gill PL were generally higher in the LOA group. The levels of 18:3n-3 in muscle total lipid were increased significantly in the LO, LOA and, to a lesser extent, RO groups prior to transfer but were reduced to initial levels by the termination of the experiment (week 34). In contrast, 18:2n-6 in muscle total lipid was significantly increased after 18 weeks in fish fed the diets supplemented with RO and LO, and was significantly greater in the FO and RO groups at the termination of the experiment. Gill PGF production showed a large peak about two months after transfer to seawater. The production of total PGF post-transfer was significantly lower in fish previously fed the LOA diet. However, plasma chloride concentrations in fish subjected to a seawater challenge at 18 weeks were all lower in fish fed the diets with vegetable oils. This effect was significant in the case of fish receiving the diet with LOA, compared to those fed the diet containing FO. The present study showed that during parr-smolt transformation in Atlantic salmon there is a pre-adaptive increase in hepatocyte fatty acyl desaturation/elongation activities that is controlled primarily by environmental factors such as photoperiod and temperature but that can also be significantly modulated by diet. Feeding salmon parr diets supplemented with rapeseed or linseed oils prevented inhibition of the desaturase activities that is induced by feeding parr diets with fish oils and thus influenced the smoltification process by altering tissue PL fatty acid compositions and eicosanoid production. These effects, in turn, had a beneficial effect on the ability of the fish to osmoregulate and thus adapt to salinity changes.

199 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that the adult mice fed on the sardine oil diet for a long period maintain higher levels of docosahe xaenoic acid in brain phospholipids, synaptic membrane fluidity and maze-learning ability than animals feeding on the palm oil diet.

198 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Despite a moderate reduction in inflammatory lipid mediators by dietary n‐3 fatty acids and limited morphological improvement in chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the clinical benefit seems to be confined to patients with ulcerative colitis.
Abstract: Thirty-nine patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease were studied in a 7-month, double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over trial of dietary supplementation with fish oil, which provided about 3.2 g n-3 fatty acids per day. At control, biopsies from inflamed mucosa contained higher levels of arachidonic acid than uninvolved mucosa. Dietary n-3 fatty acids were well tolerated and incorporated into plasma and enteric mucosa phospholipids at the expense of n-6 fatty acids. The arachidonic acid-derived prostanoid generation was reduced by fish oil and the extension and severity of macroscopic bowel involvement was moderately improved. In patients with Crohn's disease, clinical activity was unchanged by fish-oil supplementation. In patients with ulcerative colitis, clinical disease activity fell during fish oil supplementation and thereafter; this was not significant however. Despite a moderate reduction in inflammatory lipid mediators by dietary n-3 fatty acids and limited morphological improvement in chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the clinical benefit seems to be confined to patients with ulcerative colitis.

198 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023259
2022552
2021308
2020347
2019326
2018360