Topic
Fish oil
About: Fish oil is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9887 publications have been published within this topic receiving 367953 citations. The topic is also known as: fish oils & Fish oil.
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TL;DR: In this article, a coupled extraction-fractionation process is proposed as a way to remove free fatty acids and improve fish oil quality, alternatively to physical and chemical refining procedures, taking profit of the advantages of supercritical carbon dioxide as extractive solvent.
198 citations
TL;DR: Surprisingly, farmed salmon had approximately 25% of the vitamin D content as wild salmon had, suggesting that the tables that list theitamin D content are out-of-date and need to be re-evaluated.
198 citations
TL;DR: This paper showed that omega-3 fatty acids have a larger prophylactic potential than traditional approaches, which must be scrutinized in meticulously designed and conducted trials with clinical endpoints.
Abstract: Traditional approaches to prophylaxis of atherosclerosis have focused on one aspect of the pathogenesis of this multifactorial disease, such as platelet function or blood lipids, and therefore have had limited success. Epidemiologic studies show a striking inverse correlation of consumption of fish rich in the two omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. In studies of volunteers and patients, reductions in platelet responsiveness, lowering of blood lipids, and improvements of blood flow, as well as improvements in other values implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, were induced with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. These findings indicate that these omega-3 fatty acids have a larger prophylactic potential than traditional approaches. This potential must be scrutinized in meticulously designed and conducted trials with clinical endpoints.
198 citations
TL;DR: SMOFlipid 20%, which contains 15% fish oil, was safe and well tolerated, decreased plasma bilirubin, and increased ω-3 FA and α-tocopherol status without changing lipid peroxidation.
Abstract: Background: SMOFlipid 20% is an intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) containing soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil developed to provide energy, essential fatty acids (FAs), and long-chain ω-3 FAs as a mixed emulsion containing α-tocopherol. The aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of this new ILE in pediatric patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) compared with soybean oil emulsion (SOE). Methods: This single-center, randomized, double-blind study included 28 children on HPN allocated to receive either SMOFlipid 20% (n = 15) or a standard SOE (Intralipid 20%, n = 13). ILE was administered 4 to 5 times per week (goal dose, 2.0 g/kg/d) within a parenteral nutrition regimen. Assessments, including safety and efficacy parameters, were performed on day 0 and after the last study infusion (day 29). Lipid peroxidation was determined by measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Results: There were no significant differences in laboratory safety para...
197 citations
TL;DR: Quantitative real-time PCR assay of gene expression in Atlantic salmon showed that both Δ6 and Δ5 fatty acyl desaturase genes were highly expressed in intestine, liver, and brain, and less so in kidney, heart, gill, adipose tissue, muscle, and spleen.
Abstract: Fish are an important source of the n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids that are crucial to the health of higher vertebrates. The synthesis of HUFA involves enzyme-mediated desaturation, and a Δ5 fatty acyl desaturase cDNA has been cloned from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and functionally characterization of a Δ6 fatty acyl desaturase of Atlantic salmon and describe its genomic structure, tissue expression, and nutritional regulation. A salmon genomic library was screened with a salmon Δ5 desaturase cDNA and positive recombinant phage isolated and subcloned. The full-length cDNA for the putative fatty acyl desaturase was shown to comprise 2106 bp containing an open reading frame of 1365 bp specifying a protein of 454 amino acids (GenBank accession no. AY458652). The protein sequence included three histidine boxes, two transmembrane regions, and an N-terminal cytochrome b5 domain containing the heme-binding motif HPGG, all of which are characteristic of microsomal fatty acid desaturases. Functional expression showed that this gene possessed predominantly Δ6 desaturase activity. Screening and sequence analysis of the genomic DNA of a single fish revealed that the Δ6 desaturase gene constituted 13 exons in 7965 bp of genomic DNA. Quantitative real-time PCR assay of gene expression in Atlantic salmon showed that both Δ6 and Δ5 fatty acyl desaturase genes, and a fatty acyl elongase gene, were highly expressed in intestine, liver, and brain, and less so in kidney, heart, gill, adipose tissue, muscle, and spleen. Furthermore, expression of both Δ6 and Δ5 fatty acyl desaturase genes in intestine, liver, red muscle, and adipose tissue was higher in salmon fed a diet containing vegetable oil than in fish fed a diet containing fish oil.
197 citations