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Flash evaporation
About: Flash evaporation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2755 publications have been published within this topic receiving 19341 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a number of numerical methods for stability analysis based on Gibbs' tangent plane criterion are described, which are applicable for both single phase and multiphase systems, mainly for Equation of State calculations using a single model for all fluid phases.
991 citations
Patent•
07 Jul 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for continuously supplying a uniform vapor of a polymerizable and/or cross-linkable material is presented, where a continuous liquid flow of said material is supplied at a temperature below both the decomposition temperature and the polymerization temperature of the material and atomized into a continuous flow of liquid droplets having a particle size from about 1 to about 50 microns.
Abstract: A method for continuously supplying a uniform vapor of a polymerizable and/or cross-linkable material. A continuous liquid flow of said material is supplied at a temperature below both the decomposition temperature and the polymerization temperature of said material and atomized into a continuous flow of liquid droplets having a particle size from about 1 to about 50 microns. The droplets are continuously vaporized upon contact with a heated surface which is maintained at a temperature at or above the boiling point for said material, but below the temperature at which said droplets would undergo pyrolysis before vaporizing. The vapor may be deposited onto a substrate and subsequently polymerized or cross-linked.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the second law of thermodynamics in terms of the concept of exergy and its destruction is considered for desalination and the optimal design of the separation surface for minimum cost of energy and surface requirements is proposed.
227 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of spray cooling in three stages (single phase regime, two phase regime and critical heat flux regime) is presented, and the influence factors, spray characteristics, heating surface characteristics, fluid characteristics and external environment characteristics, were analyzed in detail.
Abstract: With the increasing power density of electronic chips, large radar, laser diode array and other equipments, the conventional heat dissipation methods are difficult to achieve the desired thermal control requirements increasingly. Spray cooling has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages in high heat flux removal such as less flow rate demand, high heat dissipation capacity, low superheat degree, no temperature overshoot and no contact thermal resistance with the heating surface. As of today, lots of researchers engage in this field and numerous achievements of spray cooling are obtained theoretically and experimentally. In this paper, an overview with spray cooling was completed. The current research progresses of heat transfer mechanisms of spray cooling in the three stages (single-phase regime, two-phase regime and critical heat flux regime) were summarized, and the influence factors, spray characteristics, heating surface characteristics, fluid characteristics and external environment characteristics, were analyzed in detail. The flash evaporation cooling, a special form of spray cooling, was also explored by a number of studies due to its irreplaceable advantage in low pressure environment or in space. Film flash evaporation and droplet flash evaporation significantly improve the cooling capacity of system and utilization of working fluid. In fact, the application of flash evaporation cooling is profound for development and expansion of spray cooling. Additionally, spray cooling system and nozzle were also elaborated in the paper.
226 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the major research on refrigerant injection techniques in detail and compared them with liquid and vapor refrigerant injections and compared the performance of different types of compressors and variable speed compressors.
Abstract: This paper reviews the major research on refrigerant injection techniques in detail. Liquid and vapor refrigerant injection techniques are discussed and compared. The current research on refrigerant injection techniques falls into two categories: system level research and component level research. The system level research is focused on low ambient temperature heating, heat pump water heating, high ambient temperature cooling, cycle comparison, and control strategy development. Internal heat exchanger and flash tank cycles are the two typical cycles for refrigerant injection. These two cycles are discussed and compared in detail. The component level research is focused on employing different types of compressors, variable speed compressors, the injection process, and the flash tank. Different types of compressors employing refrigerant injection are presented. Based on the literature study, the potential future research directions are presented and discussed. The flash tank cycle control strategy and refrigerant charge management strategy are worth further research efforts. Compressor design can be improved in order to optimize the performance with refrigerant injection. The appropriate design of flash tanks plays a vital role in achieving appropriate two-phase flow patterns in the flash tank. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling can be a useful tool to facilitate the design of the flash tank.
192 citations