Topic
Flexural rigidity
About: Flexural rigidity is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3829 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56780 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, two concrete T-beams reinforced with instrumented built-up hollow plain bars were tested to investigate the effect of flexural cracking and bond loss on the flexural and shear behavior.
Abstract: Two concrete T-beams reinforced with instrumented built-up hollow plain bars were tested to investigate the effect of flexural cracking and bond loss on the flexural and shear behavior. The beam with a flexural reinforcement ratio of 0.98% exhibited arch action due to bond failure that initiated when the applied load reached 60% of the failure load. The beam with a reinforcement ratio of 0.33% exhibited predominantly beam action until failure initiated by yielding of the longitudinal reinforcement. When beam action was the primary shear-carrying mechanism, the observed bond demand was greatest within the transition zone between elastic-uncracked and elastic-cracked behavior. The transition from beam action to arch action caused a marked reduction offlexural stiffness that indicated bond loss in beams with plain reinforcement.
17 citations
TL;DR: It is found that the composition-dependent bending rigidity crucially influences the phase separation and deformation of the vesicle and the hydrodynamic effect enhances the coarsening in a bicontinuous phase separation for a spherical vesicles.
Abstract: We examined the dynamics of the deformation and phase separation of two-component vesicles. First, we numerically investigated the effects of (i) thermal noise, (ii) hydrodynamic flow induced by the line tension of the domain boundary and (iii) composition-dependent bending rigidity on the coarsening dynamics of a phase-separated pattern on the surfaces of vesicles with fixed shapes. The dynamical exponent z (NDB ~ t − z, the total length of the domain boundaries) of the coarsening of the phase-separated pattern was found to decrease from z = 1/3 under no thermal noise to 1/5 < z < 1/4 when including the effects of thermal noise. We also found that the hydrodynamic effect enhances the coarsening in a bicontinuous phase separation for a spherical vesicle. In phase separations of a shape-fixed tubular vesicle, a band-like phase separation with periodicity along the longer axis of the tube occurs because of the composition-dependent bending rigidity and the higher curvatures at the tube end-caps. Second, we also explored the dynamics of shape deformation coupled with phase separation through the bending rigidity of the membrane which depends on the local composition in lipids and found that the composition-dependent bending rigidity crucially influences the phase separation and deformation of the vesicle. The results of simulations are in good agreement with experimentally observed behavior known as 'shape convergence' (Yanagisawa et al 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 148102).
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the bending moment capacity and the flexural stiffness results obtained from the experimental and numerical investigations were validated with predicted values from different existing standards, and a finite element model was also developed to further investigate the performance of the proposed CFST specimens by varying certain chosen parameters.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the bending constants for thin-shelled solids can be defined, as introduced by Gauss, whereas only one physical bending constant taking into account that the film cannot be torn has been introduced by Hyde and Ninham.
Abstract: Surfactant film rigidity is a ubiquitous general concept that is quantified into two different units. We show here how to convert the bending rigidity from reduced units of a virtual infinitely thin film (not made of molecules) into the chemical unit (kJ.mol−1) of a realistic film of monomolecular thickness. In most cases, molecular lengths are not negligible versus curvature radius. Two bending constants for the elasticity of thin-shelled solids can be defined, as introduced by Gauss, whereas only one physical bending constant taking into account that the film cannot be torn has been introduced in the 1990s by Hyde and Ninham. The explicit conversion depends on the topology and is different in the quasi-planar approximation, as well as the ‘direct’ oil in water (o/w) or ‘reverse’ water in oil (w/o) case of spherical or cylindrical micelles. We show some examples for classical and nonclassical micelles and microemulsions of different compositions.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed an explicit procedure in designing laminated composite plates for maximum buckling load subjected to strength and stiffness constraints using the polar formalism, which relates stiffness to the critical buckling loads in order to simplify the calculation and optimization of the load.
17 citations