FOIL method

About: FOIL method is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 24739 publications have been published within this topic receiving 166769 citations.

General solution growth of mesoporous NiCo2O4 nanosheets on various conductive substrates as high-performance electrodes for supercapacitors.

Abstract: Mesoporous NiCo(2) O(4) nanosheets can be directly grown on various conductive substrates, such as Ni foam, Ti foil, stainless-steel foil and flexible graphite paper, through a general template-free solution method combined with a simple post annealing treatment. As a highly integrated binder- and conductive-agent-free electrode for supercapacitors, the mesoporous NiCo(2) O(4) nanosheets supported on Ni foam deliver ultrahigh capacitance and excellent high-rate cycling stability.

Anodic Growth of Highly Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Arrays to 134 μm in Length

Abstract: Described is the fabrication of self-aligned highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodization of Ti foil having lengths up to 134 μm, representing well over an order of magnitude i...

Metal ion cycling of Cu foil for selective C–C coupling in electrochemical CO2 reduction

Abstract: Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to higher-value hydrocarbons beyond C1 products is desirable for applications in energy storage, transportation and the chemical industry. Cu catalysts have shown the potential to catalyse C–C coupling for C2+ products, but still suffer from low selectivity in water. Here, we use density functional theory to determine the energetics of the initial C–C coupling steps on different Cu facets in CO2 reduction, and suggest that the Cu(100) and stepped (211) facets favour C2+ product formation over Cu(111). To demonstrate this, we report the tuning of facet exposure on Cu foil through the metal ion battery cycling method. Compared with the polished Cu foil, our 100-cycled Cu nanocube catalyst with exposed (100) facets presents a sixfold improvement in C2+ to C1 product ratio, with a highest C2+ Faradaic efficiency of over 60% and H2 below 20%, and a corresponding C2+ current of more than 40 mA cm–2. Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to products containing multiple carbon atoms is useful for producing high-value chemicals and fuels. This work uses theory to predict the preferred copper surface for C–C coupling, and subsequent metal ion cycling to produce the desired facets results in a catalyst that is highly selective for C2+ products.

A Novel Potassium-Ion-Based Dual-Ion Battery

Abstract: In this work, combining both advantages of potassium-ion batteries and dual-ion batteries, a novel potassium-ion-based dual-ion battery (named as K-DIB) system is developed based on a potassium-ion electrolyte, using metal foil (Sn, Pb, K, or Na) as anode and expanded graphite as cathode. When using Sn foil as the anode, the K-DIB presents a high reversible capacity of 66 mAh g-1 at a current density of 50 mA g-1 over the voltage window of 3.0-5.0 V, and exhibits excellent long-term cycling performance with 93% capacity retention for 300 cycles. Moreover, as the Sn foil simultaneously acts as the anode material and the current collector, dead load and dead volume of the battery can be greatly reduced, thus the energy density of the K-DIB is further improved. It delivers a high energy density of 155 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 116 W kg-1 , which is comparable with commercial lithium-ion batteries. Thus, with the advantages of environmentally friendly, cost effective, and high energy density, this K-DIB shows attractive potential for future energy storage application.

Ultrafast epitaxial growth of metre-sized single-crystal graphene on industrial Cu foil

Abstract: A foundation of the modern technology that uses single-crystal silicon has been the growth of high-quality single-crystal Si ingots with diameters up to 12 inches or larger. For many applications of graphene, large-area high-quality (ideally of single-crystal) material will be enabling. Since the first growth on copper foil a decade ago, inch-sized single-crystal graphene has been achieved. We present here the growth, in 20 min, of a graphene film of (5 × 50) cm2 dimension with >99% ultra-highly oriented grains. This growth was achieved by: (1) synthesis of metre-sized single-crystal Cu(1 1 1) foil as substrate; (2) epitaxial growth of graphene islands on the Cu(1 1 1) surface; (3) seamless merging of such graphene islands into a graphene film with high single crystallinity and (4) the ultrafast growth of graphene film. These achievements were realized by a temperature-gradient-driven annealing technique to produce single-crystal Cu(1 1 1) from industrial polycrystalline Cu foil and the marvellous effects of a continuous oxygen supply from an adjacent oxide. The as-synthesized graphene film, with very few misoriented grains (if any), has a mobility up to ∼23,000 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 4 K and room temperature sheet resistance of ∼230 Ω/□. It is very likely that this approach can be scaled up to achieve exceptionally large and high-quality graphene films with single crystallinity, and thus realize various industrial-level applications at a low cost.