Showing papers on "Folded inverted conformal antenna published in 2004"
TL;DR: The planar inverted cone antenna (PICA) as mentioned in this paper provides ultrawideband (UWB) performance with a radiation pattern similar to monopole disk antennas, but is smaller in size.
Abstract: A new antenna, the planar inverted cone antenna (PICA), provides ultrawideband (UWB) performance with a radiation pattern similar to monopole disk antennas , but is smaller in size. Extensive simulations and experiments demonstrate that the PICA antenna provides more than a 10:1 impedance bandwidth (for VSWR<2) and supports a monopole type omnidirectional pattern over 4:1 bandwidth. A second version of the PICA with two circular holes changes the current flow on the metal disk and extends the high end of the operating frequency range, improving the pattern bandwidth to 7:1.
319 citations
Patent•
02 Feb 2004
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a multi-band planar antenna applicable as an internal antenna in small-sized mobile stations, and to a radio device including an antenna according to the invention, based on a conventional dual band PIFA with its feeding and shorting conductors and a non-conducting slot.
Abstract: A multi-band planar antenna applicable as an internal antenna in small-sized mobile stations, and to a radio device including an antenna according to the invention. The basis is a conventional dual band PIFA with its feeding and shorting conductors and a non-conducting slot. The planar element ( 220 ) has a second slot ( 232 ) known as such, which starts at the edge of the planar element on the other side of the feeding conductor ( 221 ) and shorting conductor ( 211 ) than the above-mentioned slot ( 231 ). In addition the structure comprises a second shorting conductor ( 212 ) on the other side of the second slot, than the feeding conductor. The second slot acts as a radiator, which for instance broadens the upper band of a dual band antenna. The second shorting conductor facilitates a better matching of a multi-band antenna than in corresponding prior art antennas. The antenna is simple, and its manufacturing costs are relatively low.
233 citations
TL;DR: The basic concept for the RECAP antenna is verified by comparing theoretical results with measurements for configurations in which the switches are simply wires connecting the patches, and an overview of alternate switch/control strategies, some of which were tested, is given.
Abstract: A reconfigurable aperture (RECAP) antenna is described in which a planar array of electrically small, metallic patches are interconnected by switches. The antenna can be reconfigured to meet different performance goals by changing the switches that are open and closed. The switch configuration for a particular goal is determined using an optimizer, such as the genetic algorithm. First, the basic concept for the RECAP antenna is verified by comparing theoretical results with measurements for configurations in which the switches are simply wires connecting the patches. Next, details are given for a prototype antenna in which field-effect transistor based electronic switches are used with optical control. Theoretical results for the prototype antenna are then compared with measurements for cases in which electronic reconfiguration is used to change the bandwidth of operation or steer the pattern of the antenna. Finally, an overview of alternate switch/control strategies, some of which were tested, is given along with suggestions for improving the next generation of this antenna.
221 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a low profile planar monopole antenna with a shorted parasitic inverted-L wire fed using a microstrip feedline for wireless communications in the wireless local-area network (WLAN) bands is studied.
Abstract: A low-profile planar monopole antenna with a shorted parasitic inverted-L wire fed using a microstrip feedline for wireless communications in the wireless local-area network (WLAN) bands is studied. The driven monopole element and shorted parasitic wire can separately control the operating frequencies of two excited resonant modes, which cover the 2.4-, 5.2-, and 5.8-GHz WLAN bands. This antenna design is not only suitable as a monopole antenna but also as a diversity antenna for 2.4-, 5.2-, and 5.8-GHz band operations. The lower mode of the proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth (2:1 VSWR) of about 188 MHz (2313-2501 MHz), which covers the required bandwidth for 2.4 GHz WLAN band (2400-2484 MHz); on the other band, the upper mode has a bandwidth of about 2843 MHz (3930-6773 MHz) covering the HIPERLAN band (5150-5350 MHz) and 5.8-GHz WLAN band (5725-5852 MHz). For frequencies across the three operating bands, the proposed antenna shows similar monopole-like radiation patterns, and good antenna gain across the operating bands is obtained. Details of the design considerations for the proposed antenna are described, and the experimental results of the antenna performances obtained are presented and discussed.
205 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new idea of increasing operational bandwidth of a compact planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) by introducing open-end slots in the ground plane under the radiating patch is described.
Abstract: This letter describes a new idea of increasing operational bandwidth of a compact planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) by introducing open-end slots in the ground plane under the radiating patch. The slots are not in the way of active modules of a wireless transceiver and thus the proposed antenna size reduction method is attractive from the point of view of practical implementation.
196 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) is proposed for cellular telephone applications. But the design of a compact PIFA is not discussed.
Abstract: This letter presents the design of a compact Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) suitable for cellular telephone applications. The quarter-wavelength antenna combines the use of a slot, shorted parasitic patches and capacitive loads to achieve multiband operation. The commercial electromagnetic software IE3D is used to design and optimize the structure. The resulting antenna can operate from 880 to 960 MHz and 1710 to 2170 MHz covering GSM, DCS, PCS, and UMTS standards with a VSWR better than 2.5. Good agreement is found between simulated and measured results.
195 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the length of a wall-shorted rectangular patch antenna can be reduced from /spl sim/spl lambda/sub 0/4 to /splsim/sub lambda/Sub 0/8 by a simple folding operation, which results in a stacked shorted patch (S-P) structure with a resonant frequency that can be controlled by modifying the distance between the stacked (lower and upper) shorted-patches.
Abstract: The length of a wall-shorted rectangular patch antenna can be reduced from /spl sim//spl lambda//sub 0//4 to /spl sim//spl lambda//sub 0//8 by a simple folding operation, which results in a stacked shorted-patch (S-P) structure with a resonant frequency that can be controlled by modifying the distance between the stacked (lower and upper) shorted-patches. A theoretical analysis based on a simple transmission-line model is presented and compared with numerical simulations, showing good agreement if the height of the folded patch is much smaller than the patch length. The physical insight of the variation of the resonant frequency for this reduced-size antenna can be understood by considering the antenna as a shorted patch loaded with a capacitor. An experimental verification is carried out for a 15 mm/spl times/15 mm/spl times/6 mm folded S-P antenna prototype designed for the 2.4 GHz ISM band that can achieve a 10-dB return loss bandwidth of 4% and results in a nearly omni-directional radiation pattern.
125 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a small H-shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with enhanced bandwidth is presented, where a stacked patch configuration is proposed to increase the narrow bandwidth, radiation efficiency and directivity.
Abstract: A small H-shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with enhanced bandwidth is presented. The H-shaped antenna is first studied by a transmission line model and then is fully analyzed with a MoM code. A stacked patch configuration is proposed to increase the narrow bandwidth, radiation efficiency and directivity. The stacked H-shaped MPA is studied using Chu's fundamental limit for electrically small antennas.
106 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a planar inverted-F antenna with a T-shaped ground plane is presented, and the measured results of the proposed antenna show that by using a T shaped ground plane, the bandwidth of a PIFA can be broadened and the operation frequency can be reduced.
Abstract: A planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with a T-shaped ground plane is presented. The measured results of the proposed antenna show that by using a T-shaped ground plane, the bandwidth of a PIFA can be broadened and the operation frequency of the PIFA can be reduced. The relative measured bandwidth of the proposed antenna operating at 2.05 GHz band is 16.6%.
103 citations
TL;DR: A folded planar monopole antenna, which has a very low profile of about one twentieth of the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, is introduced, which can be used in multiband operation, with omnidirectional radiation patterns for all operating bands.
Abstract: This paper introduces a folded planar monopole antenna, which has a very low profile of about one twentieth of the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. The effect is achieved by using a bended rectangular radiating patch and an inverted L-shape ground plane. The proposed antenna can be used in multiband operation, with omnidirectional radiation patterns for all operating bands. Its impedance bandwidth, determined by 10 dB return loss, covers almost all present wireless communication systems: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Digital Communication System (DCS), Personal Communication System (PCS), Universal Mobile Communication System (UMTS), and Industrial Science Medical (ISM) band. This paper presents the design and experimental results of the proposed antenna. Moreover, the study also investigates the tuning effects of the geometry parameters on impedance matching.
91 citations
Patent•
20 Aug 2004TL;DR: A multiband planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) can provide improved performance and operating efficiency, and utilizes a capacitive element configured to provide high efficiency operation, and a tuning area that allows the antenna to be tuned independently of the capacitive elements.
Abstract: A multiband planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) can provide improved performance and operating efficiency, and utilizes a capacitive element configured to provide high efficiency operation, and a tuning area that allows the antenna to be tuned independently of the capacitive element. As a result of this feature, the antenna can be tuned to the desired operating frequencies, while allowing the capacitive element to remain configured for optimal operating efficiency. The antenna can be configured in a loop for effective utilization of a given volume and can therefore be relatively small in size and high efficiency. A capacitive loading section can be included to allow improved antenna efficiency and radiation. Additionally, tuning section can be provided to allow the antenna to be tuned without adjusting the capacitive loading section. To obtain operation at an additional frequency band, a parasitic element or a slot configuration can be included.
TL;DR: In this article, a wideband microstrip antenna with V-slotted diamond-shaped patch on a single-layer foam dielectric and probe feed is presented, which is achieved by the excitation of resonance frequencies of the diamond patch and V-slot.
Abstract: A new wideband microstrip antenna with V-slotted diamond-shaped patch on a single-layer foam dielectric and probe feed is presented The broadband design is achieved by the excitation of resonance frequencies of the diamond patch and V-slot An impedance bandwidth as high as 50% is achieved, where the antenna gain is stable and its variation is within 1 dB
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, an omnidirectional planar antenna comprising two back-to-back folded dipoles printed on a dielectric substrate is presented for WLAN operation in the 5 GHz band, such as the 5.2-GHz and 5.8-GHz (5725-5875 GHz) bands.
Abstract: An omnidirectional planar antenna comprising two back-to-back folded dipoles printed on a dielectric substrate is presented. A constructed prototype suitable for WLAN operation in the 5-GHz band, such as the 5.2-GHz (5150-5350 MHz) and 5.8-GHz (5725-5875 GHz) bands, is demonstrated. The constructed prototype shows a wide impedance bandwidth of larger than 1.1 GHz (about 20% centered at 5.5 GHz), and a stable antenna gain level of about 4.5 dBi, with small variations (< 2 dBi) for omnidirectional radiation, is obtained across the bandwidth. Details of the antenna design and the experimental results are presented.
01 Dec 2004
TL;DR: In this article, a simple printed wideband and multiband monopole antenna is presented, where a protrudent strip is added to a two-arm S-like antenna to generate a number of separate resonant modes for multiband operations.
Abstract: A novel and simple printed wideband and multiband monopole antenna is presented. Printed on a single dielectric substrate and easily fed by using a 50 Ω microstrip line, a low-profile antenna structure with two parallel S-shaped meandered lines of different sizes, capable of generating a number of separate resonant modes for multiband operations, is achieved. By introducing a protrudent strip to a two-arm S-like monopole antenna, much wider impedance matching concealing multi-frequency resonant modes at the higher band can be produced. From fabricating and measuring the prototypes of the proposed antenna, two available bands with 10 dB return loss bandwidths of about 85 MHz at 2.44 GHz band and of about 73.5% ranging from 4.14 GHz to 8.95 GHz were obtained. A stably omnidirectional radiation pattern and an average gain of greater than 5 dBi over the main operating bands were also obtained.
Patent•
08 Oct 2004TL;DR: In this article, a multiband planar inverted-F antenna includes a floating parasitic element (FME) that can be configured to electromagnetically couple to the first and second planar-inverted-F antennas.
Abstract: A multi-band planar inverted-F antenna (300) includes a floating parasitic element (340). For example, a planar inverted-F antenna includes first and second planar inverted-F antenna branches that extend on a dielectric substrate. The first planar inverted-F antenna branch (305) is configured to resonate in response to first electromagnetic radiation in a first frequency band. The second planar inverted-F antenna branch (330) is configured to resonate in response to second electromagnetic radiation in a second frequency band. The floating parasitic element is configured to electromagnetically couple to the second planar inverted-F antenna branch when, for example, the second planar inverted-F antenna branch is excited by the electromagnetic radiation provided via an RF feed (when the antenna is used to transmit). The floating parasitic element is also configured to electromagnetically couple to the second planar inverted-F antenna branch when the floating parasitic element is excited by electromagnetic radiation provided via free-space.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe novel configurations of shorted fractal Sierpinski gasket antenna, which is folded over to be parallel to the ground plane to form an element similar to that of the inverted L antenna.
Abstract: This paper describes novel configurations of shorted fractal Sierpinski gasket antenna. The antenna uses half the structure of a conventional Sierpinski gasket antenna and is folded over to be parallel to the ground plane, to form an element similar to that of the inverted L antenna. A quasi log periodic resonance behavior is obtained with a shorting pin placed at the far end of the antenna. Several configurations are shown and a design using two shorting pins which improves the bandwidth at the fundamental band is also demonstrated.
Patent•
23 Apr 2004TL;DR: In this paper, a method of independently modifying the 1/4 and/or the 3/4 wavelength resonant frequency in an open-ended slotted PIFA antenna was proposed.
Abstract: A method of independently modifying the 1/4 and/or the 3/4 wavelength resonant frequency in an open-ended slotted PIFA antenna, an open-ended slotted PIFA antenna comprising an antenna feed (109, 110) and an antenna ground wherein the antenna ground is associated with the antenna short-circuit end, and an open-ended slot having an open-end associated with the antenna open-circuit end (108), and wherein the antenna ground and the slot (104) are mutually arranged to provide operational variations in the current density between the open and short circuit ends of the antenna and around the perimeter of the slot, and an operational mean current path length between the open and short circuit ends of the antenna and around the perimeter of the open-ended slot, the mean current path length determining the 1/4 and 3/4 wavelength resonant frequencies for the open-ended slotted PIFA antenna, the method comprising determining operational variations in current density around the perimeter of a pre-modified open-ended slotted PIFA antenna and modifying the mean current path length around the perimeter of the pre-modified open-ended slot in regions of comparatively high current density.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a compact and broadband microstrip patch antenna for the IMT-2000 mobile handset application by parasitically coupling two shorted semi-disc patches with a single shorting-post each and employing Styrofoam substrate with low dielectric constant, an overall impedance bandwidth of 17.8% was achieved to cover the frequency spectra of 1.862-2.225 GHz.
Abstract: The objective of the paper is to develop a compact and broadband microstrip patch antenna for the IMT-2000 mobile handset application. By parasitically coupling two shorted semi-disc patches with a single shorting-post each and employing Styrofoam substrate with low dielectric constant, an overall impedance bandwidth of 17.8% has been achieved to cover the frequency spectra of 1.862–2.225 GHz. The overall dimension of this proposed antenna is 44.4 mm (length) × 37.8 mm (width) × 7 mm (thickness), and it would be suitable for the IMT-2000 mobile handset application. The typical antenna characteristics are presented and analysed theoretically and experimentally.
TL;DR: In this paper, a planar inverted-F antenna is proposed for mobile communication applications, and the S11 parameters are measured and bandwidths of 3.4, 10.3, and 2.1% are obtained for the corresponding band, respectively.
Abstract: A novel compact triple-band (GSM, DCS, and ISM) planar inverted-F antenna is presented. A prototype was constructed and studied. The S11 parameters are measured and bandwidths of 3.4%, 10.3%, and 2.1% are obtained for the corresponding band, respectively. For practical application, the presence of the plastic case and the hand were considered, and the resulting data of their influence were obtained and discussed. The radiation patterns and gains are also measured. All the results show that this type of PIFA is suitable for mobile-communication applications. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 41: 483–486, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20179
IBM1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a dual-band antenna for the 2.4-2.5 GHz and 5.15-5.35 GHz bands, which is suitable for use in handheld or other mobile devices and offers advantages in size, cost, and performance.
Abstract: The 2.4 GHz ISM band has become very popular and is now widely used for several wireless communication standards, such as Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b. For higher data rates, IEEE 802.11a devices in the 5.15-5.35 GHz band are required. For world-wide applications, an antenna covering the 5.15-5.85 GHz range is needed. The design and analysis of a new dual band antenna are presented. The proposed antenna is targeted for the 2.4-2.5 GHz and 5.15-5.35 GHz bands. The antenna is suitable for use in hand-held or other mobile devices and offers advantages in size, cost, and performance. The antenna can be built on a single-sided printed circuit board (PCB) or stamped from thin sheet metal. The antenna can also be built as an on-board antenna to reduce manufacturing costs. Future study will concentrate on extending the antenna bandwidth to cover the 5.15-5.85 GHz frequency range.
TL;DR: In this paper, a broadband triangular shaped patch antenna with a folded shorting wall is proposed and a modified patch shape is proposed, which exhibits 48% area reduction and 34% bandwidth enhancement when comparing with the conventional (half-wave or full-wave) rectangular patch antenna.
Abstract: This letter presents a broadband triangular shaped patch antenna with a folded shorting wall. The effect of the folded shorting wall is studied and a modified patch shape is proposed. A stable gain of 6.4 dBi is found over a bandwidth of 28.1% (for S11<-10 dB). The proposed antenna exhibits 48% area reduction and 34% bandwidth enhancement when comparing with the conventional (half-wave or full-wave) rectangular patch antenna.
TL;DR: In this article, a pattern-reconfigurable quasi-Yagi microstrip antenna is presented, which can scan from −66° to +63° in the upper-half space by using a switch-controlled photonic band gap (PBG) structure, while maintaining an operating frequency of approximately 9.65 GHz.
Abstract: A pattern-reconfigurable quasi-Yagi microstrip antenna is presented. Its main beam in the E-plane can scan from −66° to +63° in the upper-half space by using a switch-controlled photonic band gap (PBG) structure, while maintaining an operating frequency of approximately 9.65 GHz. The antenna is analyzed using Ansoft HFSS. The measured and simulated results of the three configurations of the antenna are provided. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 42: 296–297, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20283
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-dimensional antenna is designed to miniaturise the flat-styled microstrip antenna using irises alternately attached beneath the patch plane and on the ground plane.
Abstract: A three-dimensional antenna is designed to miniaturise the flat-styled microstrip antenna using irises alternately attached beneath the patch plane and on the ground plane. This miniaturised three-dimensional antenna size is reduced to 79.1% of the size of the general plane type microstrip antenna.
20 Jun 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a new design of a broadband printed triangular slot antenna by introducing a small rectangular slot protruding from the triangular slot, which leads to the antenna having a much enhanced operating frequency bandwidth.
Abstract: We propose a new design of a broadband printed triangular slot antenna. By introducing a small rectangular slot protruding from the triangular slot, a new resonant mode in the vicinity of the fundamental resonant mode of the triangular slot can be excited. Also, good impedance matching of both the fundamental and the new mode can be obtained, which leads to the antenna having a much enhanced operating frequency bandwidth. In addition, by adjusting the structure of the microstrip-line feed near the side perpendicular to the microstrip line, a very broadband operation can be obtained. In general, the obtained broadband bandwidth can be more than four times that of a conventional printed wide rectangular slot antenna (/spl sim/20%). In the proposed design, an impedance bandwidth of about 84% has been obtained. Antenna designs and typical experimental results of the proposed antenna are shown and discussed.
20 Jun 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a planar and symmetric antenna is built up and a capacitive loading for this planar inverted F antenna (IFA) is presented for further size reduction, an inductive loading is investigated.
Abstract: The development of very small antennas significantly influences the miniaturization of handheld devices. A planar and symmetric antenna is built up. A capacitive loading for this planar inverted F antenna (IFA) is presented. For a further size reduction, an inductive loading is investigated. The method of moments (MoM) is used to model the antenna and measurements are carried out for verification.
TL;DR: In this article, a broadband inverted F antenna is realized by adding a wire element and describes a method for its design based on the operating principle, where matching at each resonant frequency is independently adjusted by means of these two different resonances.
Abstract: This paper presents a broadband inverted F antenna realized by adding a wire element and describes a method for its design based on the operating principle. This inverted F antenna has a configuration with a wire element attached at the middle of the wire element already connected at the feed point. Broadband operation is made possible by a new method in which a parallel resonance antenna is combined with the wire inverted F antenna, which is a series resonance antenna. A design method is proposed in which matching at each resonant frequency is independently adjusted by means of these two different resonances. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by experiments and by a simulation by NEC2. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 87(11): 11–20, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.10215
TL;DR: In this article, a broadband low-profile E-shaped patch antenna with a novel microstrip-compatible feed is presented, which is more suitable for integration with microstrip circuits.
Abstract: A broadband low-profile E-shaped patch antenna with a novel microstrip-compatible feed is presented. The new feed structure makes E-shaped patch antennas more suitable for integration with microstrip circuits. It is demonstrated by designing and testing an antenna with a height of 3.3 mm and a return-loss bandwidth of 5.03–6.12 GHz. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 42: 111–112, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20223
TL;DR: In this article, the characteristics of a bow-shaped microstrip patchantenna were analyzed and compared with a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna, and various parameters such as return loss, gain, and VSWR were determined and compared.
Abstract: The characteristics of a bow-shaped microstrip patchantenna are analyzed and compared with a conventional rectangularmicrostrip antenna. The various parameters such as return loss, gain,and VSWR are determined and compared. It is found that the centerfrequency of the bow-shaped antenna is lower by about 12.82% thanthat of the conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. This impliesthat the size of the patch needs to be reduced in order to maintain thesame resonant frequency. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. MicrowaveOpt Technol Lett 40: 158–160, 2004; Published online in Wiley Inter-Science (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11314 Key words: microstrip antenna; resonant frequency; size reduction 1. INTRODUCTION Microstrip antennas are used in a broad range of applications fromcommunication systems to biomedical systems, primarily due toseveral attractive properties such as light weight, low profile, lowproduction cost, conformability, reproducibility, reliability, andease in fabrication and integration with solid-state devices. Ascommunication devices become smaller due to greater integrationof electronics, the antenna becomes a significantly larger part ofthe overall package volume. This results in a demand for similarreductions in antenna size. The size of a conventional MSA issomewhat larger when designed at a lower microwave frequencyspectrum. At times the size of the antenna even exceeds thedimension of the receiver or repeater system and thus is unsuitable
TL;DR: In this paper, a single-feed triangular microstrip patch antenna that can operate at two distinct resonant modes is proposed to achieve the required frequency ratio of the two operating frequency bands, several designs of the proposed antennas with different substrate thickness and patch sizes are studied.
Abstract: A single-feed triangular microstrip patch antenna that can be operated at two distinct resonant modes is proposed. The two resonant modes can radiate an omnidirectional dipole-like pattern with linear polarisation and a broadside pattern with circular polarisation, respectively. To achieve the required frequency ratio of the two operating frequency bands, several designs of the proposed antennas with different substrate thickness and patch sizes are studied. In addition, these designs can easily obtain a 50 Ω input impedance without any additional matching circuit. Details of the antenna design and obtained performance are presented.