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Showing papers on "Folded inverted conformal antenna published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The versatility of U-slot patch antennas will be discussed, including: dual-band and tri-band operations, as well as for circular polarization applications.
Abstract: The U-slot patch antenna was originally developed as a single-layer, single-patch wideband antenna. It has recently been shown that it can also be designed to perform a number of other functions. In this paper, a comprehensive account is given on the development of this antenna. Emphasis is placed on experimental and simulation results for various U-slot topologies, illustrating the antenna's versatility in several practical applications. These include wideband, dual- and triple-band operation with small and large frequency ratios, as well as for circular-polarization applications.

158 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an efficient mutual coupling reduction method for an extremely closely packed tunable dual-element planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) array is introduced for the 2.4 GHz WLAN band.
Abstract: An efficient mutual coupling reduction method is introduced for an extremely closely packed tunable dual-element planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) array. High isolation can be achieved through a λ0/2 folded slot antenna formed by a slot on the ground plane and the neighboring edges of the two PIFAs. Direct coupling is blocked by the slot antenna through radiating the coupling power into free space. A measured isolation of more than 36.5 dB can be achieved between the two parallel individual-element PIFAs operating at 2.4 GHz WLAN band with an inter-PIFA spacing of less than 0.063 λ0 (center to center) or 0.0147 λ0 (edge to edge). Since there is only a narrow slot antenna formed between the PIFAs in the present method, the distance can be further reduced to less than 0.0016λ0 (edge to edge) with the maximal isolation of better than 40 dB. Both measured and simulation results show the effectiveness of the present mutual coupling reduction method.

102 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid-fed circular patch antenna operating with TM11 and TM01 modes is presented, which can operate at an overlapped frequency range for 2.4-GHz WLAN applications, while TM11 mode reveals good broadside radiation patterns and TM 01 mode shows monopole-like radiation patterns.
Abstract: -In this letter, a novel hybrid-fed circular patch antenna operating with TM11 and TM01 modes is presented. By making use of a hybrid feed network, the two modes can be operated at an overlapped frequency range for 2.4-GHz WLAN applications, while TM11 mode reveals good broadside radiation patterns and TM01 mode shows monopole-like radiation patterns. The proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The measured gain for the broadside mode is 7.1-9.1 dBi from 2.16 to 2.72 GHz (23.0%), and for the conical mode 3.4-4.3 dBi from 2.14 to 2.64 GHz (20.5%). High isolation (<; -40 dB) between the two feeding ports for the entire impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is achieved. The planar dual-port antenna provides different patterns and polarizations to take advantage of the pattern and polarization diversity for modern mobile communications.

102 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The design and characterization is described of a compact dual-linearly-polarized reconfigurable 2-port antenna, capable of reconfiguring/rotating its polarization base from vertical/horizontal (0°/90°), to slant ±45°, which enables polarization tracking in polarization-sensitive communication schemes.
Abstract: The design and characterization is described of a compact dual-linearly-polarized reconfigurable 2-port antenna. The antenna can operate in two different selectable linear polarization bases, thus being capable of reconfiguring/rotating its polarization base from vertical/horizontal (0°/90°), to slant ±45°. The antenna has been implemented on a quartz substrate, and uses monolithically integrated micro-electromechanical (MEM) switches to select between the two aforementioned polarization bases. The antenna operates at 3.8 GHz and presents a fractional bandwidth of 1.7%. The interest of the proposed antenna is two-fold. First, in LOS scenarios, the antenna enables polarization tracking in polarization-sensitive communication schemes. Second, there are the gains of using it in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system employing orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBC) to improve the diversity order/gain of the system in NLOS conditions. These benefits were verified through channel measurements conducted in LOS and NLOS propagation scenarios. Despite the simplicity of the antenna, the achievable polarization matching gains (in LOS scenarios) and diversity gains (in NLOS scenarios) are remarkable. These gains come at no expenses of introducing additional receive ports to the system (increasing the number of radio-frequency (RF) transceivers), rather as a result of the reconfigurable capabilities of the proposed antenna.

98 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, an inset-fed microstrip patch antenna has been designed and the dependency of resonant frequency on the notch gap and the feed line geometry has been studied.
Abstract: In our paper, an inset-fed microstrip patch antenna has been designed and the dependency of resonant frequency on the notch gap and the feed line geometry has been studied. Our study suggests that a narrower notch resulted in better impedance matching. A design rule has also been formulated and presented the performance of the proposed design.

97 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a dual/triple-band microstrip antenna with an asymmetric M-shaped patch was proposed for the purpose of compactness and separating of the operational bands.
Abstract: Novel designs for compact dual/triple-band microstrip antennas are proposed with an asymmetric M-shaped patch. The designs utilize vias on the longer arm of the patch for the purposes of compactness and separating of the operational bands. As the two resonant frequencies of antenna 1 are related to certain parts of the patch, one resonant frequency can be flexibly tuned with little effect on the other. A prototype of antenna 1 operating at 2.44 and 5.77 GHz is fabricated and measured. It has a low profile of 0.016 λr1, where λr1 is the wavelength of the first resonant frequency fr1 = 2.44 GHz at free space, and a compact patch size of 0.195 λr1 × 0.177 λr1. The antenna also presents low cross polarization and symmetrical patterns in both E- and H-planes. Finally, a triple-band antenna (antenna 2) with enhanced bandwidth is designed.

84 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an antenna exhibiting a very wide bandwidth with reconfigurable rejection within the band is presented, where PIN diodes are used as switching elements, with particular care taken to minimize power consumption.
Abstract: An antenna exhibiting a very wide bandwidth with reconfigurable rejection within the band is presented. The proposed topology is versatile in terms of the number of available antenna states and location of the rejection frequencies, and also allows the operation of the antenna in an “all-pass” state. First, a physical interpretation of the rejection mechanism and its corresponding circuit model are presented and validated. The proposed antenna concept is then demonstrated on a 4-state slot bow-tie antenna operating from 1.5 to 5 GHz with various rejection frequencies. PIN diodes are used as switching elements, with particular care taken to minimize power consumption. Simulated and measured return loss, radiation patterns and gain of the fully operational antenna are presented. Finally, we characterize and discuss the overall efficiency-considered here as the most relevant parameter to characterize the antenna filtering performance-both theoretically and experimentally, thereby highlighting the benefit of the proposed topology.

81 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A compact multiband (GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS/Bluetoo- th/WLANs/Wi-MAX) planar monopole antenna, which contains multiple branches, is proposed in this work, which is particularly attractive for mobile devices that integrate multiple systems.
Abstract: A compact multiband (GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS/Bluetoo- th/WLANs/Wi-MAX) planar monopole antenna, which contains multiple branches, is proposed in this work. Most wireless communication bands for consumer electronics are covered in this design. The antenna radiator comprises four resonant branches on the top surface of a PCB board and one parasitic element on its back. The antenna size is 17:5mm £ 35:7mm, and no via is needed in the fabrication process. Various techniques, such as branching, meandered lines, closed loop, capacitive coupling, parasitic elements and tapered ends, are used to enhance the antenna's bandwidth, matching and size reduction performance. Simulation and measurement show good agreement for re∞ection coe-cient. The proposed antenna is particularly attractive for mobile devices that integrate multiple systems.

80 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a multiband folded loop antenna with a symmetric loop pattern generates four resonance modes in the design bands, and the current distributions of the excited resonance modes are analyzed to conflm the mode characteristic.
Abstract: This paper presents a multiband folded loop antenna for smart phone applications. The proposed antenna with a symmetric loop pattern generates four resonance modes in the design bands. The current distributions of the excited resonance modes are analyzed to conflrm the mode characteristic. Using a pair of tuning elements near the feed port, the impedance bandwidth is broadened to cover GSM850/GSM900/DCS/PCS/UMTS bands. This research performed simulation by a high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) to optimally design the antenna, and a practical structure was constructed to test. The current study measured the antenna parameters including re∞ection coe-cient, radiation characteristics, peak gain, and radiation e-ciency to validate the proposed antenna.

68 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a low profile planar antenna, comprising a driven element coupled with one or more parasitic elements is proposed, which is suitable to be used into a handheld device due to the antenna reduced dimensions (33 × 15 × 1 mm3).
Abstract: A low profile planar antenna, comprising a driven element coupled with one or more parasitic elements is proposed. The design is suitable to be used into a handheld device due to the antenna reduced dimensions (33 × 15 × 1 mm3). To facilitate the integration of other components, such as cameras or speakers, a ground plane area at the right side of the antenna is provided. The study carried out reveals the relevance of the arms location over the performance of the antenna. The theoretic analysis is reinforced using a network model and a parametric study. The coupling between elements controls the behavior of the antenna. In this sense, a weak coupling between the driven element and at least one parasitic element enhances the bandwidth, whereas a multiband behavior is achieved by a tight coupling. Finally, the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) influence has also been analyzed. ©2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 359–364, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24893

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a triple band coplanar waveguide (CPW) antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications is proposed, which mainly comprises a ground with a wide square slot in the center, a rectangular feeding strip and two pairs of planar inverted L strips connecting with the slotted ground.
Abstract: In this paper, a wide-slot triple band antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) for WLAN/WiMAX applications is proposed. The antenna mainly comprises a ground with a wide square slot in the center, a rectangular feeding strip and two pairs of planar inverted L strips (PIL) connecting with the slotted ground. By introducing the two pairs of PIL's, three resonant frequencies, 2.4/5.5GHz for WLAN, and 3.5GHz for WiMAX, are excited. Prototypes of the antenna are fabricated and tested. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has three good impedance bandwidths (S11 better than i10dB) of 300MHz (about 12.6% centered at 2.39GHz), 280MHz (about 8% centered at 3.49GHz) and 790MHz (about 14.5% centered at 5.43GHz), which make it easily cover the required bandwidths for WLAN band (2.4{ 2.48GHz, 5.15{5.35GHz, and 5.725{5.825GHz) and WiMAX (3.4- 3.6GHz) applications. Moreover, the obtained radiation patterns demonstrate that the proposed antenna has flgure-eight patterns in E-plane, and is omni-directional in H-plane. The gains of the antenna at operation bands are stable.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a stacked patch antenna with a folded patch feed is presented for ultra wideband (UWB) application, which achieves an impedance bandwidth of 90% across the frequency range of 3.75%9.86%GHz.
Abstract: A new stacked patch antenna with a folded patch feed is presented for ultra-wideband (UWB) application. The bandwidth is obtained by a stacked patch fed with a folded patch feed, and the size reduction is realised through the use of shorting wall. The antenna occupies a compact dimension of 0.340λ g ×0.340× g ×0.227× g (where λ g is the guided wavelength of the centre operating frequency). The design achieves an impedance bandwidth of 90% across the frequency range of 3.75%9.86%GHz. The details of the antenna designs are shown, and the results with low-profile characteristics make this antenna suitable for UWB applications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The simulated and experimental results, including S-parameters, radiation patterns, signal correlations, and mean effective gain values, have validated the proposed antenna design as useful for compact mobile devices.
Abstract: A compact integrated dual-port diversity antenna is presented, which is suitable for long-term evolution (LTE) and wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) applications in handheld devices. The antenna design merges two planar inverted F-shaped antennas (PIFAs) into a single-antenna structure that not only occupies less volume in a handheld device but also eliminates the need to separate two individual antenna elements, which provides further space-saving efficiency. This can be accomplished even while maintaining desirable isolation and diversity characteristics. The proposed design can thus be utilized in compact wireless handheld communication devices that require signal diversity. An example design is described for 2.6-GHz LTE/Wi-Fi bands (2.5-2.7 GHz), which has been implemented in real-world cellular phone environments and include interactions between the antenna, other components of the device, and a model of a human head (the specific anthropomorphic mannequin phantom). The simulated and experimental results, including S-parameters, radiation patterns, signal correlations, and mean effective gain values, have validated the proposed antenna design as useful for compact mobile devices.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of ultra-wideband (UWB) printed planar quasi-monopole antennas using the theory of characteristic modes is presented, and it is shown that the modal voltage-standing-wave ratio, mode current distribution, and modal significance provide deeper physical insight into the operating mechanisms of these popular types of antennas.
Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of ultra-wideband (UWB) printed planar quasi-monopole antennas using the theory of characteristic modes. It is shown that the modal voltage-standing-wave ratio, mode current distribution, and modal significance provide deeper physical insight into the operating mechanisms of these popular types of antennas. Using the printed planar bevel-shaped quasi-monopole antenna as an example, we characterize the antenna's performance. It is found that there are only a few significant modes excited. The dominant mode controls the antenna's behavior over the lower band, while the higher-order modes control the behavior over the upper band. The ground-plane size affects the mode properties. The ground-plane height should be taller than a quarter and shorter or equal to a half-guided-wavelength. The width should be equal to a half-guided-wavelength at the lower-frequency edge. We also examine the notched-frequency characteristics of the antenna by embedding a slot in the monopole. We point out the potential self-interference for the first time. Furthermore, we investigate the miniaturization of the antenna by simply chopping off half of the antenna's structure. We explain why the miniaturized antenna exhibits a wider impedance bandwidth and higher cross-polar radiation at higher frequencies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a broadband planar quasi-Yagi antenna using a folded dipole driver is presented for millimetre-wave applications using low-cost thick-film fabrication.
Abstract: A broadband planar quasi-Yagi antenna using a folded dipole driver is presented The new antenna element is realised on a low dielectric constant substrate and it is suitable for millimetre-wave applications using low-cost thick-film fabrication The advantage of the quasi-Yagi antenna with folded dipole driver compared to the standard quasi-Yagi antenna is a reduction in the length of the driver, which allows closer spacing of the elements for array applications on low dielectric constant substrates Use of the folded dipole driver gives a 4:1 impedance range because of its extra parameters The element was designed for E-band applications, but operates over a much wider bandwidth of approximately 13:1 Mutual coupling between two antenna elements in an array environment is investigated and results obtained are similar to conventional quasi-Yagi antenna elements Four linear arrays, each containing four elements and having a different beamforming network, were fabricated to demonstrate the scanning capabilities of the folded dipole quasi-Yagi antenna, and measured reflection coefficient, radiation patterns and gain for each array are presented

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a small-size internal printed antenna consisting of a loop-type antenna integrated with two stacked coupled-fed shorted strip monopoles is presented for eight-band LTE/GSM/UMTS operation in the mobile phone.
Abstract: A small-size internal printed antenna formed by a loop-type antenna integrated with two stacked coupled-fed shorted strip monopoles is presented.The proposed antenna has a small uniplanar structure of 40 × 15 mm2 (600 mm2) for eight-band LTE/GSM/UMTS operation in the mobile phone. The loop-type antenna comprises a driven monopole and a coupled portion short-circuited to the system ground plane of the mobile phone; the driven monopole alone contributes a resonant mode for the antenna's upper band, whereas the driven monopole and shorted coupled portion together provide a loop-type resonant path to generate a resonant mode for the antenna's lower band. Two stacked strips are then integrated with the loop-type antenna, with the two strips coupled-fed by the driven monopole and short-circuited to the ground plane through the shorted coupled portion. That is, two stacked coupled-fed shorted strip monopoles are formed and incorporated with the loop-type antenna in an integrated configuration. The two strip monopoles contribute two additional resonant modes to incorporate those generated by the loop-type antenna to achieve the desired wide lower band (698–960 MHz) and upper band (1710–2690 MHz) for eight-band LTE/GSM/UMTS operation. Details of the proposed antenna are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1471–1476, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25257

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a planar metamaterial loaded electrically small microstrip patch antenna is presented, which exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 512 MHz at a resonant frequency of 9.51 GHz and the gain and directivity of this antenna structure are 3.2 dBi and 7.8 dBi, respectively.
Abstract: In this paper, the authors present a new planar metamaterial loaded electrically small microstrip patch antenna. The rectangular microstrip patch antenna is loaded by metamaterial using planar square spilt ring resonators (SRRs). The unloaded rectangular microstrip patch antenna resonates at 23 GHz, whereas after loading it by metamaterial, the same antenna resonates at 9.51 GHz. In loaded condition, the resonant frequency of rectangular microstrip patch antenna reduces due to magnetic coupling. The dimensions of the antenna structure are 0.161λ × 0.192λ. Using the Chu limit, the size of the antenna comes to ka = 0.775, thus, satisfies the condition of an electrically small antenna (ka < 1). The antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 512 MHz at a resonant frequency of 9.51 GHz. The calculated radiation Q rad is 18.86 which is larger than Qchu minimum, that is Qchu, = 3.43. The gain and directivity of this antenna structure are 3.2 dBi and 7.8 dBi, respectively. The proposed antenna structure i...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a dual band planar antenna with a microstrip patch with a U-shaped slot that is fed by a broadband electromagnetic coupling probe, known as L-probe, is presented.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a new dual band planar antenna. The proposed antenna consists of a microstrip patch with a U-shaped slot that is fed by a broadband electromagnetic coupling probe, known as L-probe. Radiation characteristics of the antenna and difierent methods for control of the resonant frequencies are investigated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a single-layer microstrip antenna for ultrawideband (UWB) applications, in which an array of rectangular microstrip patches was arranged in the log-periodic way and proximity-coupled to the microstrip feeding line, is presented.
Abstract: A single-layer microstrip antenna for ultrawideband (UWB) applications, in which an array of rectangular microstrip patches was arranged in the log-periodic way and proximity-coupled to the microstrip feeding line, is presented. In order to reduce the number of microstrip patches in the UWB log-periodic arrays, a large scale factor k = 1.1 was firstly reported and proved to be highly effective. Furthermore, instead of using an absorbing terminal loading, a novel loss-free compensating stub was proposed. Detailed parameters study was also presented for better understanding of the proposed antennas. The impedance bandwidth (measured VSWR < 2.5) of an example antenna with only 11 elements is from 2.26-6.85 GHz with a ratio of about 3.03:1. Both numerical and experimental results show that the proposed antenna has stable directional radiation patterns, very low-profile and low fabrication cost, which are suitable for various broadband applications.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual-band rectangular slot antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications in IEEE 802.11b/g/a systems is presented, which has size of 32mm £ 28mm £ 1:6mm.
Abstract: In this paper, a novel dual-band rectangular slot antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications in IEEE 802.11b/g/a systems is presented. The proposed antenna, fed by a 50› microstrip line, has size of 32mm £ 28mm £ 1:6mm. By introducing a pair of U-shaped strips, the proposed antenna can generate two separate impedance bandwidths. The prototype of the proposed antenna has been successfully constructed and tested. The low-band resonant frequency is located at about 2.4GHz, with i10dB impedance bandwidth from about 2.3 to 2.5GHz. The high- band resonant frequency is located at about 5.7GHz, with i10dB impedance bandwidth from about 4.9 to 6.0GHz. In addition, the measured results show good radiation characteristics at the two operating bands, proving the dual-band operation of the proposed antenna.

Journal ArticleDOI
Liping Han1, Wenmei Zhang1, Xinwei Chen1, Guorui Han1, Runbo Ma1 
TL;DR: In this article, a compact differential dual-frequency antenna with stacked configuration is described, where the radiating element with a half guided wavelength is distributed on two layers and connected through via holes, thus the dimension of the antenna is reduced effectively.
Abstract: A compact differential dual-frequency antenna with stacked configuration is described. Compared with the conventional stacked dual frequency antenna, the radiating element with a half guided wavelength is distributed on two layers and connected through via holes, thus the dimension of the antenna is reduced effectively. In order to improve the bandwidth at the first resonant frequency (f1), a reflecting board is introduced and connected with the ground plane through three via holes. As a result, a new resonant frequency closing to f1 can be excited and the bandwidth at fx is enhanced. Both differential antennas with and without the reflecting board are fabricated and measured. The realized antennas have a compact size of 15 mm × 15 mm, which equals to 0.23?1 × 0.23?1 (?1, the guided wavelength at f1). Experimental results show that the proposed antenna can operate at 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz bands. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is obtained.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A planar hexa-band internal antenna designed for mobile phone applications is presented in this article, which is placed on the top no-ground portion of the system circuit board with a groundplane size of 45 £ 100mm 2.
Abstract: A planar hexa-band internal antenna designed for mobile phone applications is presented. The antenna occupying a small area of 45 £ 12mm 2 is placed on the top no-ground portion of the system circuit board with a ground-plane size of 45 £ 100mm 2 . The design begins with constructing a meandered monopole. With a parasitic and an impedance-adjustment structure subsequently added, the resulting antenna can be viewed as a printed planar inverted-F antenna with a parasitic resonant element. Two wide impedance bands can be generated by the designed antenna to support GSM 850, GSM 900, DCS, PCS, UMTS, and 2.4-GHz WLAN operations. The measurement was found to agree reasonably well with the simulation. Design procedures and rules along with the design concepts behind are all presented in detail.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a planar multiband monopole antenna is presented for mobile wireless applications, which is constructed from a crescent-shaped radiator patch, microstrip feed line, and defected ground structure (DGS).
Abstract: A planar multiband monopole antenna is presented for mobile wireless applications The antenna is constructed from a crescent-shaped radiator patch, microstrip feed line, and defected ground structure (DGS) Theoretical and experimental characteristics are presented for this antenna, which achieves an impedance bandwidth of 583% (over 17-31 GHz), at a reflection coefficient |S11| < -10 dB and has an average gain of 175 dBi

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a compact ultra wideband (UWB) printed slot antenna fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW) and microstrip line with multi-band-rejection characteristics is proposed.
Abstract: A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) printed slot antenna fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW) and microstrip line with multi-band-rejection characteristics is proposed The small antenna fed by CPW and microstrip line has a volume of 40 × 22 × 08 × mm 3 By adding an inverted U-shape slot on the tapered radiating patch, the antenna provides band-rejection characteristics The centre frequencies of three notched bands at 24, 35 and 55 GHz can be adjusted by modifying the length of the inserted slot Good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured results The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna ranges from 2 to 12 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 2, excluding the rejection bands The omni-directional radiation patterns of the fabricated antenna fed by CPW and microstrip line are presented, which show that the designed antenna is a good candidate for various UWB applications The measured peak gain variation is less than 4 dB over the operating frequency band

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new multifrequency microstrip patch antenna is presented, which can be considered a PIFA since it has a metallic wall on one of its sides, and different radiation patterns for each band can be achieved if desired.
Abstract: A new multifrequency microstrip patch antenna is presented. The antenna can be considered a PIFA since it has a metallic wall on one of its sides. The different bands of operation are independent of each other, and different radiation patterns for each band can be achieved if desired. In addition, a circuital model is introduced to explain the operation of the antenna. This model presents some similarities with composite right left handed models presented in the literature. Some prototypes have been manufactured and measurements of return losses, efficiencies and radiation patterns, have been performed for a thorough characterization of the antenna as well as to validate the simulation results.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experimental results of this single feed antenna indicate that it meets all current requirements for in-cabin wireless communication needs.
Abstract: In this paper, a multifunctional microstrip antenna is designed, fabricated and experimentally verifled for operation in AWS, GSM, WiMAX and WLAN bands This microstrip patch antenna has two U-shaped slots to achieve the dual wideband operation required to meet these speciflcations The dimensions and locations of the U- slots are designed appropriately The thick substrate used here helps in integrating the antenna with the existing aircraft panel material while achieving wide bandwidths Experimental results of this single feed antenna indicate that it meets all current requirements for in-cabin wireless communication needs

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an estimation of the gain enhancement of a microstrip patch that occurs when a standard PTFE substrate is replaced by air is presented, and the theory is verified for a wide range of antenna dimensions, using some measured and simulated data, indicating very close agreement amongst the data.
Abstract: An easy estimation of the gain enhancement of a microstrip patch that occurs when a standard PTFE substrate is replaced by air is presented. The theory is verified for a wide range of antenna dimensions, using some measured and simulated data, indicating very close agreement amongst the data. This approach should be very handy and useful to a designer dealing with air-substrate microstrip antennas.

Patent
21 Apr 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) configured to operate in a high-frequency band, and a matched monopole configured to operation in a low frequency band are used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone).
Abstract: A distributed multiband antenna intended for radio devices, and methods for designing manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) configured to operate in a high-frequency band, and a matched monopole configured to operate in a low-frequency band, are used within a handheld mobile device (e.g., cellular telephone). The two antennas are placed on substantially opposing regions of the portable device. The use of a separate low-frequency antenna element facilitates frequency-specific antenna matching, and therefore improves the overall performance of the multiband antenna. The use of high-band PIFA reduces antenna volume, and enables a smaller device housing structure while also reducing signal losses in the high frequency band. These attributes also advantageously facilitate compliance with specific absorption rate (SAR) tests; e.g., in the immediate proximity of hand and head “phantoms” as mandated under CTIA regulations. Matching of the low-frequency band monopole antenna is further described.