Topic
Forced convection
About: Forced convection is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12710 publications have been published within this topic receiving 268805 citations.
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Book•
01 Jun 1978
842 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison between experimental results obtained for nanofluid to homogeneous model in low concentration are close to each other but by increasing the volume fraction, higher heat transfer enhancement for Al 2 O 3 ǫ/ǫ water can be observed.
823 citations
Book•
01 Dec 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the basic concepts in Heat Conduction Equation (HCE) and its application in the context of refrigeration and freezing of foods.
Abstract: 1 Introduction and Basic Concepts 2 Heat Conduction Equation 3 Steady Heat Conduction 4 Transient Heat Conduction 5 Numerical Methods in Heat Conduction 6 Fundamentals of Convection 7 External Forced Convection 8 Internal Forced Convection 9 Natural Convection 10 Boiling and Condensation 11 Heat Exchangers 12 Fundamentals of Radiation 13 Radiation Heat Transfer 14 Mass Transfer Appendix 1 Property Tables and Charts (SI Units) Appendix 2 Property Tables and Charts (English Units) Appendix 3 Introduction to EES Online Chapters 15 Cooling of Electronic Equipment 16 Heating and Cooling of Buildings 17 Refrigeration and Freezing of Foods
816 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the present knowledge of the simplest realisation of convection in a layer of fluid satisfying the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation, and compare theoretical results with experimental observations.
Abstract: Thermal convection in a layer heated form below is an exemplary case for the study of non-linear fluid dynamics and the transition to turbulence. An outline is given of the present knowledge of the simplest realisation of convection in a layer of fluid satisfying the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation. Non-linear properties such as the dependence of the heat transport on Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers and the stability properties of convection rolls are emphasised in the discussion. Whenever possible, theoretical results are compared with experimental observations. A section on convection in rotating systems has been included, but the influence of other additional physical effects such as magnetic fields, side wall geometry, etc., has not been considered.
803 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the error due to heat conduction to the supports is particularly important with natural convection, especially where the heat loss and the temperature rise of the cylinder are calculated from the voltage drop across it.
Abstract: Publisher Summary Accurate knowledge of the overall convective heat transfer from circular cylinders is of importance in a number of fields, such as boiler design, hotwire anemometry, and the rating of electrical conductors. The wide dispersion in the published experimental data for the heat transfer from smooth circular cylinders by natural and forced convection is attributed to various factors associated with the experiments. The error due to heat conduction to the supports is particularly important with natural convection, especially where the heat loss and the temperature rise of the cylinder are calculated from the voltage drop across it. A common cause of error is the use of too small a space ratio, so that the temperature and velocity fields are distorted. To reduce this error to less than l%, the space ratio D c /D for natural convection or D T /D for forced convection should exceed 100. The error caused by blockage with wind tunnel measurements can be calculated depending on the type of tunnel. One of the greatest sources of error with forced convection is the failure to allow for the effect of stream turbulence.
761 citations