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Forest produce

About: Forest produce is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 137 publications have been published within this topic receiving 891 citations.


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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, a biodiversity and livelihood cess on bamboo products in the state of Karnataka is examined for equity and distributional impacts, and it is shown that such a cess need not be anti-poor, especially so if the revenue is earmarked for livelihood enhancement of NTFP gatherers through decentralised and inclusive conservation measures.
Abstract: The over-exploitation of forest produce, the undermining of traditional institutions and the consequent institutional lacunae, as described in the previous chapters and the poverty of forest-dependent communities, raise challenges for policies towards reducing rural poverty. In Karnataka, nationalised NTFPs like bamboo generate considerable revenue to the state. Channelising part of this revenue for inclusive conservation efforts, though relatively straightforward, has been limited to a few high-value end products. This chapter examines fiscal measures on bamboo products, as an example of the potential of such mechanisms to supplement regulatory measures in augmenting the dwindling livelihood base of forest-dependent communities. A biodiversity and livelihood cess on bamboo products in the state of Karnataka is examined for equity and distributional impacts. We find that such a cess need not be anti-poor, especially so if the revenue is earmarked for livelihood enhancement of NTFP gatherers through decentralised and inclusive conservation measures.
Posted Content
TL;DR: In this paper, the issue of unequal access to natural resources for the poor and marginalised has been discussed and various forms of interventions needed to be undertaken by academicians, policy makers, community-based associations and the public at large.
Abstract: Natural resources (NR) such as land, water, trees, plants and air provide the basis upon which human and other living beings survive and carry on their varied activities like agriculture, forestry, fisheries and tourism. However, most of the societies being characterised by socio-cultural constraints through a system of stratification, there is unequal access to the NR for the poor and marginalised. This has lead to an extremely impoverished situation where large sections of population are excluded from accessing these resources. Degradation of environment in the recent years has made matters worse for them. While degradation is caused by a number of factors, the blame for the same is squarely placed upon the poor who are accused of overusing the NR for their survival and are hence denied access to use of NR (like collection of forest wood for fuel or minor forest produce for economic security). Women are the worst sufferers in this situation as household food and water security continue to rest with them especially in the case of poor and very poor households. The issue, therefore, is the understanding of the links between poverty and NR and measuring them. Besides efforts at their rejuvenation, the NR needs to be efficiently managed to enhance their utility with equity. This process has to be monitored to achieve sustainability and should enable poverty reduction and protect those who have somehow come out of poverty from being trapped again into it, due to environment-related shocks, such as flooding, drought and climate change, to mention a few. Such protection is central to their livelihoods, health and security. This paper is an attempt to address issues relating to the above, looking at the situation in the state of Karnataka, delineating various forms of interventions needed to be undertaken by academicians, policy makers, community-based associations and the public at large.
Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have pointed out that it may be necessary to use natural resources to improve the living conditions of the people of the state, but it must be done in a manner that is sensitive to ensuring the protection of the environment, which provides a livelihood to tribal people.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION Ecologically, the tribal households are far from homogenous; they display a diversity of high order. The areas of tribal concentration have been usually described as the forest and hilly areas of the country. Their ignorance and the long sightedness of the money lenders play with the tribal lives. Inclusive growth is the essence of developmental strategy across the economies (Khwaja, 2009). Since the introduction of economic reforms in early nineties, there has been greater focus of development and planning towards enhancement of human well-being (Pritchett & Woolcock, 2004) and reduction in inequalities along with growth of per capita income especially targeting vulnerable social groups, viz. STs, SCs, etc. This well-being encompasses individual attainment in the areas of education, employment, health care, nutritional level and amenities like electricity, water supply, sanitation, housing, etc. besides guaranteeing them their civil rights and protection against atrocities or crimes. The scheduled tribes since ages have been victims of socio- economic exploitations (Barr, 2001; Gaechter, Herrman, & Thoeni, 2004; Henrich et al., 2001), and have been relegated to low income generating occupations, inferior trades, unhygienic environment and unclean menial occupation. The Scheduled Tribes are tribes notified under Article 342 of the Constitution, which makes special provision for ‘tribes, tribal communities, parts of, or groups within which the President may so notify’. There is no definition of a tribe in the Constitution but one may distinguish some characteristics that are generally accepted: self-identification, language, distinctive social and cultural organisation, economic under development, geographic location and initially, isolation, which has been steadily, and in some cases, traumatically, eroded. Many tribes still live in hilly and/or forested areas, somewhat remote from settlements. Exploitation of forest-lands by both the British and the zamindars resulted in the clearing of huge tracts for commercial crops such as tea, coffee and rubber and allowing contractors to fell trees in the very heart of the forest. These actions deprived the tribal people of their livelihoods because many of them were hunters and gatherers of forest produce. The interaction with the outside world brought the tribal people face to face with problems they were not equipped to cope with, such as alcoholism and sexually transmitted diseases (Holm & Nystedt, 2008). In the post-Independence period, while the Constitution protected the rights of the Scheduled Tribes and accorded them reservation in the legislature, educational institutions and government jobs, other ‘development’ activities, such as the construction of large dams or the sale of timber, led to the further marginalisation of some tribes. The scenario is therefore a mixed one. It may be necessary to use natural resources to improve the living conditions of the people of the state, but it must be done in a manner that is sensitive to ensuring the protection of the environment, which provides a livelihood to tribal people. Apart from the Scheduled Tribes, there are 75 indigenous groups in India known as ‘Primitive Tribal Groups’. The Tenth Plan of the Central Government observes that these vulnerable communities have experienced a ‘decline in their sustenance base and the resultant food insecurity, malnutrition and ill-health has forced them to live in the most fragile living conditions and some of them are even under the threat of getting extinct’.
Posted Content
TL;DR: In this paper, the quality of partnerships between small to medium sized commercial forestry producers in Tanzania and their associations, and the impact these partnerships have on upgrading of activities and ultimately business performance are explored.
Abstract: Uganda faces several constraints in its forestry sector. Fragmentation of the sector and a lack of collective strength result in lost opportunities in policy advocacy; product development; sharing of market information; expanding to new markets; developing market standards; and taking advantage of training and support offered by government or non-government organizations funded initiatives. Specifically in the forestry sector the Uganda Government has asserted that “the key to poverty alleviation and sustainable forest management lies with those stakeholder groups that are involved in production, utilization and processing of forest produce” (Uganda Forest Sector Coordination Secretariat, 2001). As highlighted by Auren & Krassowska (2004), a broad spectrum of forestry-based associations exist in Uganda in terms of their geographical scope, their level of formalization and their objectives – from those focusing primarily on social welfare of members to those entrepreneurs who collaborate to achieve some commercial advantage in a competitive market. To empower tree growers associations in Tanzania, the Forestry and Beekeeping Department (FBD) in conjunction with service providers like Green Resources Limited provide a number of development support activities to them ranging from technical forestry, associations’ management guidelines and establishment of alternative income generating activities to marketing techniques. For more detailed information on the forestry sectors in the two countries, see Walusimbi (2014, forthcoming). This paper thesis explores the quality of partnerships between small to medium sized commercial forestry producers in Tanzania and Uganda, and their associations, and the impact these partnerships have on upgrading of activities and ultimately business performance.
Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a study assessed tribes households objective for gathering Non-Timber Forest Produce in Bhoramdeo Wild Life Sanctuary in Kawardha district of Chhatisagrh, with specific focus on identifying some species of non-timber forest produce present in the area.
Abstract: This study assessed tribes households objective for gathering Non-Timber Forest Produce in Bhoramdeo Wild Life Sanctuary in Kawardha district of Chhatisagrh, with specific focus on identifying some species of Non-Timber Forest Produce present in the area. Tribes residing in and around Bhoramdeo Wild Life Sanctuary are progressively dependent on NTFPs for sustain their livelihood instead of utilizing it as a prospective income source and for their socio-economic development. Identifying reasons why they engaged in the gathering of the Non-Timber Forest Produce (NTFPs) as well as determining the relative importance of the identified reasons to the households. One hundred and twenty questionnaires were randomly administered on respondents from randomly selected fifty six respondents. The study identified some species of Non-Timber Forest Produce that were found in the study area. These include tendu leaf (Diospyros melanoxylon), char (Buchanania lanzan), mahul leaf (Bauhinia vahlii), chiraita (Andrographis paniculata) and a host of others. The relative importance of the given reasons was also determined and it was discovered that food security was the most important reason the tribes engaged in Non-Timber Forest Produce gathering while continuity objective was ranked least.

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20216
20201
20195
20182
20175
20164