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Forward osmosis

About: Forward osmosis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4372 publications have been published within this topic receiving 127760 citations. The topic is also known as: FO.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the state-of-the-art of the physical principles and applications of forward osmosis as well as their strengths and limitations are presented, along with a review of the current state of the art.

2,235 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have discussed the usage of different types of membranes for FO desalination application and their performances enhancement by suitable modification has been discussed, as well as a significant amount of work has been carried out to produce high-performance FO membrane for Desalination.
Abstract: Rapid population growth increases the demand for freshwater. Membrane technology is playing a dynamic role in the production of clean water from seawater and wastewater. The desalination of seawater using forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging technology to produce freshwater, as it is energy efficient than the conventional processes. In recent days, a significant amount of work has been carried out to produce high-performance FO membrane for desalination. In this chapter, usage of different types of membranes for FO desalination application and their performances enhancement by suitable modification has been discussed.

1,509 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of both concentrative and dilutive internal concentration polarization on permeate water flux through a commercially available forward osmosis membrane was investigated and a flux model that accounts for the presence of both internal and external concentration polarization for the two possible membrane orientations involving the feed and draw solutions was presented.

1,184 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a forward (direct) osmosis (FO) desalination process is presented, which uses an ammonium bicarbonate draw solution to extract water from a saline feed water across a semi-permeable polymeric membrane.

943 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will first introduce the major foulants and the principal mechanisms of membrane fouling, and then highlight the development, current status and future prospects of antifouling membranes, including ant ifouling strategies, preparation techniques and practical applications.
Abstract: One of the greatest challenges to the sustainability of modern society is an inadequate supply of clean water. Due to its energy-saving and cost-effective features, membrane technology has become an indispensable platform technology for water purification, including seawater and brackish water desalination as well as municipal or industrial wastewater treatment. However, membrane fouling, which arises from the nonspecific interaction between membrane surface and foulants, significantly impedes the efficient application of membrane technology. Preparing antifouling membranes is a fundamental strategy to deal with pervasive fouling problems from a variety of foulants. In recent years, major advancements have been made in membrane preparation techniques and in elucidating the antifouling mechanisms of membrane processes, including ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and forward osmosis. This review will first introduce the major foulants and the principal mechanisms of membrane fouling, and then highlight the development, current status and future prospects of antifouling membranes, including antifouling strategies, preparation techniques and practical applications. In particular, the strategies and mechanisms for antifouling membranes, including passive fouling resistance and fouling release, active off-surface and on-surface strategies, will be proposed and discussed extensively.

904 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023175
2022381
2021367
2020406
2019392
2018382