Foundation (engineering)

About: Foundation (engineering) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 24480 publications have been published within this topic receiving 137361 citations. The topic is also known as: base.

Deep foundation pit built-in profile steel drawable unreinforced filling pile

Abstract: The invention relates to a deep foundation pit built-in profile steel drawable unreinforced filling pile which comprises profile steel and plain concrete. The profile steel is located inside the pile. Anti-friction agent is coated on the surface of the profile steel. Kraft paper is adhered outside the anti-friction agent. The plain concrete wraps around the profile steel coated with the anti-friction agent and adhered with the kraft paper. By the deep foundation pit built-in profile steel drawable unreinforced filling pile, steel recycling is achieved, and construction efficiency is increased at the same time.

Static load test detection method for foundation pit excavation pile foundation

Abstract: The invention relates to a static load test detection method for a foundation pit excavation pile foundation. According to the static load test detection method for the foundation pit excavation pile foundation, test pile data of the pile foundation designed elevation position can be accurately checked and the true mechanical characteristics of a pile body are acquired. According to the technical scheme, the method includes the steps that filling pile hole forming and construction are preformed in the pile foundation position on the ground of a planned site, when construction is performed to the designed elevation corresponding to the excavation depth of a foundation pit, a stress detector is embedded in the section of the pile body, and displacement meters are embedded in the side face of the pile body; broaching is performed on a stratum above the designed elevation of the pile foundation, the hole diameter is enlarged to be not smaller than 150 mm, an inner casing pipe and an outer casing pipe are sent, following filling construction of the pile foundation is preformed in the inner casing pipe, and materials are poured to the elevation of the ground of the planned site till filling pile construction is finished; and in the pile foundation static load detection process, an upper load is applied to the top of the filled pile on the ground of the planned site, welding angle steel is cut, and therefore the inner casing pipe and the outer casing pipe cannot make contact with each other.

Protecting the Wild: Parks and Wilderness, the Foundation for Conservation

Abstract: Protecting the Wild chronicles the evolution of the rewilding movement. Comprising a collection of 28 forward-looking chapters that explore the fundamental values of global conservation discourse, it considers the foundations needed to protect the wild in any meaningful way. In doing so, this book provides a strong indictment of the weak, cautious approaches to date and presents a compelling case for bolder vision and commitment in conservation discourse and practice. While it opens with acknowledgement, in John Terbough’s foreword, of how many more species would be extinct without conservation efforts to date, its central tenet—the need to expand the number, size, and interconnectedness of protected areas, and as such to rewild them—is quickly apparent. Central to the framing of rewilding in this book is the idea of conservation based on nature’s intrinsic value, as opposed to conservation based on what nature can provide or do for people. Drawing on a number of fascinating case studies from around the world, this book critically evaluates the difference between anthropocentric and ecocentric conservation discourses and cautions against confusing biodiversity conservation with the ecosystem services paradigm. To this end, it tracks the critical debates between new conservation science (NCS) and the emerging field of compassionate conservation, and it demonstrates the importance of distinguishing between the two to ensure the coherence of future conservation discourse and practice. The central premise of NCS is made clear: traditional conservation approaches arguably (1) have failed to protect biodiversity, (2) rest upon the myth of pristine nature, (3) regularly harm disadvantaged people, and (4) have only been supported by an affluent, white minority. The remedies offered by NCS involve allying conservation with significant economic actors and focusing on the landscapes that are most useful to people. Whereas NCS calls for conservation in the name of people and for the sake of people, the emerging field of compassionate conservation presents a strong case for shifting from commodity-focused management and narrow anthropocentrism, toward valuing the intrinsic values of the wild instead. In advocating a wilderness approach instead of a fundamentally humancentric conservation ethic, a critical question at the core of this book is whether rewilding is naive when compared to the NCS or social conservation, which focuses on protecting the environment for its benefits to humans. As Reed Noss et al illustrate in their chapter, balancing biocentric and ecocentric values is not new to conservationists. But whether conservationists should be less ambitious for conservation policy to be more socially acceptable is a challenging, yet fundamental, question. In general, this book provides a damning indictment of social conservationist arguments, with Daniel Doak et al suggesting that “rather than adding to the conservation toolbox, NCS seeks to shrink the range of conservation activities, and especially motivations, which are considered legitimate” (p 34). Douglas McCauley’s fool’s gold analogy of the ecosystem services paradigm encapsulates the idea that market-based mechanisms for conservation are not the panacea that they have been portrayed as. In many instances, making money and protecting nature are mutually exclusive, as demonstrated by McCauley’s Lake Victoria example, where the introduction of invasive Nile perch has contributed to decimating local biodiversity but caused a boom in the economic value of the lake. There are cases in which it is lucrative to protect nature or in which people will derive benefit from such conservation efforts, but it is dangerous to overstate the role of ecosystem services in conservation and this paradigm should not be the foundation of conservation. Instead, McCauley writes, “we must redirect much of the effort now being devoted to the commodification of nature back toward instilling in more people a love for nature” (p 36); fundamentally, this necessitates being explicit that the mission statement needs to be to protect nature, not to make it turn a profit. Critically, this book plays an important role in demonstrating, and reminding us, that not all conservationists think the wilderness idea quixotic, misanthropic, or shortsighted. There is still value in a conservation ethic built upon the intrinsic value of wild places beyond their utility to people. As George Wuerthner reminds us, while the Yellowstone model is criticized as a form of imperialism or colonialism that denies the influence of indigenous people, the reality is that the signature of human influence and manipulation to some extent or another is irrefutable globally. As Emily Wakild warns, therefore, we cannot ignore conceptions of conservation and wilderness that do not translate into US-centered narratives, which are so purist that no real wilderness can exist. Unsurprisingly, the idea that conservationists are guilty of oversimplifying false dichotomies and stark contrasts, as opposed to subtle gradations, forms the mainstay of this book. One of the most enlightening arguments is Marc Bekoff’s view that rewilding can only MountainMedia Mountain Research and Development (MRD) An international, peer-reviewed open access journal published by the International Mountain Society (IMS) www.mrd-journal.org

Stability Analysis of the Semi-Circular Guiding Dike

Abstract: A quasi static finite element method for assessing cyclic bearing capacity of semi-circular guiding dike on natural or reinforced soft clay foundation is developed by combining the concept of cyclic shear strength with D-P yield criterion. Then the proposed method is numerically implemented in the framework of the large universal finite element software. Combining with a practical engineering, the stability of semi-circular guiding dike before and after foundation reinforcement is analyzed. The results showed that the foundation bearing capacity decreases obviously when cyclic weakening effect of soft foundation was considered, so cyclic weakening effect of soft foundation under cyclic wave load should be considered in practical design. Moreover, foundation reinforcement has an obvious effect to increase foundation bearing capacity.

Dewatering construction method for deep foundation pit

Abstract: The invention discloses a dewatering construction method for a deep foundation pit. The dewatering construction method for the deep foundation pit includes the following steps that (1) an integrated dewatering design is carried out around an basement elevation area by combining engineering geological survey data, and well point pipes and self-priming pumps are prepared; (2) positioning and setting-out are carried out, specifically, the position of a core tube is accurately positioned according to design drawings, and drainage ditches are arranged on the outside of top of the foundation pit; (3) digging is carried out along the boundary line of the core tube with each side expanded by not less than 2500 mm to the position 1-2 m below the groundwater level; and (4) according to the calculated number of dewatering wells, pumping wells are evenly distributed in the foundation pit to drain and reduce phreatic water and confined water levels, dewatering well points are arranged around the core tube foundation pit in a closed mode, and PVC vertical pipes are adopt to be inserted into the foundation pit at the dewatering well points, and the PVC vertical pipes are arranged in a staggered and spaced mode to form a continuous dewatering enclosure. According to the dewatering construction method for the deep foundation pit, the PVC pipes are adopted to arrange enclosed dewatering well points around the foundation pit, the investment cost is low, water pressure is balanced during dewatering, the effect is obvious, and the influence on a construction period is small.