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Four-force
About: Four-force is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3459 publications have been published within this topic receiving 87308 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the field equations of general relativity have been solved to obtain the different solutions for the static charged gas sphere and these solutions are free from singularities and satisfy the necessary physical conditions.
Abstract: In the present paper the field equations of general relativity have been solved to obtain the different solutions for the static charged gas sphere. These solutions are free from singularities and satisfy the necessary physical conditions.
22 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the theory of measurement is employed to elucidate the physical basis of general relativity and a nonlocal theory of accelerated observers is briefly described that is consistent with observation and excludes the possibility of existence of a fundamental scalar field in nature.
Abstract: The theory of measurement is employed to elucidate the physical basis of general relativity. For measurements involving phenomena with intrinsic length or time scales, such scales must in general be negligible compared to the (translational and rotational) scales characteristic of the motion of the observer. Thus general relativity is a consistent theory of coincidences so long as these involve classical point particles and electromagnetic rays (geometric optics). Wave optics is discussed and the limitations of the standard theory in this regime are pointed out. A nonlocal theory of accelerated observers is briefly described that is consistent with observation and excludes the possibility of existence of a fundamental scalar field in nature.
22 citations
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01 Jan 197222 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a new code for evolving axisymmetric isolated systems in general relativity is described by asymptotically flat space-times which have the property that they admit a conformal extension.
Abstract: We describe in this article a new code for evolving axisymmetric isolated systems in general relativity. Such systems are described by asymptotically flat space-times which have the property that they admit a conformal extension. We are working directly in the extended ``conformal'' manifold and solve numerically Friedrich's conformal field equations, which state that Einstein's equations hold in the physical space-time. Because of the compactness of the conformal space-time the entire space-time can be calculated on a finite numerical grid. We describe in detail the numerical scheme, especially the treatment of the axisymmetry and the boundary.
22 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a formalism for classifying and constructing perfect fluids is developed, where the Ricci tensor and its first covariant derivatives in a comoving frame are expressed as functions of energy density, pressure, their gradients and the kinematic quantities.
Abstract: A formalism for classifying and constructing perfect fluids is developed. The Ricci tensor and its first covariant derivatives in a comoving frame are expressed as functions of energy density, pressure, their gradients and the kinematic quantities. All conformally flat perfect fluids are constructed and thus also classified. In general the third covariant derivative is needed for a complete classification of these metrics.
22 citations