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Four-force
About: Four-force is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3459 publications have been published within this topic receiving 87308 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, simple theorems and relations for charged- dust distributions in general relativity were presented, and some simple relations for the distribution of charged-dust distributions were established.
Abstract: The paper presents some simple theorems and relations for charged- dust distributions in general relativity.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that cosmological structures can be used to make tachyon-type theories that do not contain logical paradoxes, and a general-relativistic Proca equation is analyzed as an example of a field-theoretic model that can have this type of tachyonic behavior.
Abstract: It is shown that cosmological structures can be used to make tachyonic theories that do not contain logical paradoxes. A general-relativistic Proca equation is then analyzed as an example of a field-theoretic model that can have this type of tachyonic behavior. It is found that only one form of this equation never gives tachyon-type behavior.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relation between principle of special relativity and cosmological principle, as well as the Beltrami-de Sitter-Lu puzzle on de Sitter/anti-deSitter spacetimes in Einstein's framework of relativity are analyzed.
Abstract: The puzzle on the relation between principle of special relativity and cosmological principle, as well as the Beltrami-de Sitter-Lu puzzle on de Sitter/anti-de Sitter spacetimes in Einstein's framework of relativity are analyzed. It is possible to generalize the principle of special relativity to the spacetimes with constant curvature and to establish the kinematics and particle dynamics for the special relativity in de Sitter/anti-de Sitter spacetimes with Beltrami metric. In such a Beltrami system by the Beltrami coordinate simultaneity is just an inertial system, the corresponding ob servers are inertial observers, the inertial law is valid for test particles and light signals, and observables can be well defined which conserve and satisfy the generalized Einstein's formula. In addition to the Beltrami coordinate simultaneity there is also the proper-time simultaneity for the comoving observations and thus the Beltrami metric is transformed into the Robertson-Walker-like metric which give's a closed 3-dimensional space and its deviation from flatness is of the order of cosmological constant. Therefore, it turns out that in such a kind of special relativity the relativity principle has an intrinsic affiliation with the "perfect" cosmological principle and without any puzzle. Furthermore, based on the recent astronomical observations, the Mach's principle is restated and it is showed that the cosmological constant acts just as an origin of inertial motions in the de Sitter-invariant special relativity on Beltrami-de Sitter spacetime.
13 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive summary of the results attained so far can be found in this article, where the authors discuss the difficulties encountered in transferring conservation laws to General Relativity Theory (GRT).
Abstract: In recent years an increased interest in General Relativity Theory (GRT) has been apparent among theoretical physicists, mathematicians, astronomers and geophysicists. At the same time, the necessity of rinding a final and generally satisfactory solution of a very important problem, namely that of conservation laws, has become topical. Surprising difficulties have been encountered in the attempt to transfer these concepts to General Relativity Theory. In the course of a few years a comprehensive literature has resulted and now the time is ripe for a thorough summary of the results attained so far.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an effective theory is obtained by averaging observables over the rapid field oscillations, which preserves Ward identities and restores translation invariance below the high-frequency scale, but only partial Lorentz invariance.
Abstract: We consider violation of Lorentz invariance in QED induced by a very high frequency background wave. An effective theory is obtained by averaging observables over the rapid field oscillations. This preserves Ward identities and restores translation invariance below the high-frequency scale, but only partial Lorentz invariance: we show that the effective theory is C-invariant SIM(2)-QED in very special relativity. Averaging leads to the nonlocal terms familiar from SIM(2) theories, while the short-distance behavior of the background field fermion propagator generates the infinite number of higher-order vertices of SIM(2)-QED.
13 citations