Four-wave mixing

About: Four-wave mixing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7530 publications have been published within this topic receiving 112702 citations.

Efficient four-wave mixing in an ultra-highly nonlinear suspended-core chalcogenide As38Se62 fiber.

Abstract: We report a chalcogenide suspended-core fiber with ultra-high nonlinearity and low attenuation loss. The glass composition is As38Se62.With a core diameter as small as 1.13 µm, a record Kerr nonlinearity of 46 000 W–1km–1 is demonstrated with attenuation loss of 0.9 dB/m. Four-wave mixing is experimented by using a 1m-long chalcogenide fiber for 10 GHz and 42.7 GHz signals. Four-wave mixing efficiencies of –5.6 dB at 10 GHz and –17.5 dB at 42.7 GHz are obtained. We also observed higher orders of four-wave mixing for both repetition rates.

Nonlinear transmission, degenerate four-wave mixing, photodarkening, and the effects of carrier-density-dependent nonlinearities in semiconductor-doped glasses

Abstract: A model for nonlinear transmission and degenerate four-wave mixing in semiconductor-doped glasses was developed and compared with experiment. The results of a plasma screening theory were used to model the nonlinear response of the semiconductor microcrystallites. The effects of carrier-density-dependent relaxation times, two-photon absorption, free-carrier absorption, and background absorption were included in the analysis. Good agreement between theoretical predictions and both nonlinear transmission and degenerate four-wave mixing experiments at λ = 532 nm was obtained for 15-nsec laser pulses. For 30-psec pulses, with which higher intensities were available, features suggestive of two-photon absorption and background absorption were observed. We conclude that free-carrier absorption is not significant in these systems. Finally, it was shown that photodarkening is associated with the semiconductor crystallites in the glass matrix and that the host glass itself and unstruck samples exhibit little or no photodarkening.

100 Gbit/s, 200 km optical transmission experiment using extremely low jitter PLL timing extraction and all-optical demultiplexing based on polarisation insensitive four-wave mixing

Abstract: Fully time-division-multiplexed 100 Gbit/s optical transmission is successfully demonstrated through a 200 km fibre, followed by PLL timing extraction and 100 to 6.3 Gbit/s all-optical demultiplexing based on polarisation-insensitive four-wave mixing. The prescaled, 0.3 ps jitter 6.3 GHz clock is recovered from the 100 Gbit/s signal using the four-wave mixing light generated in a polarisation-insensitive 100 GHz laser-diode-amplifier phase detector. Polarisation-insensitive four-wave mixing demultiplexing is achieved by a polarisation rotating loop mirror configuration. >

High-Resolution Optical Sampling of 640-Gb/s Data Using Four-Wave Mixing in Dispersion-Engineered Highly Nonlinear As $_2$ S $_3$ Planar Waveguides

Abstract: We present the first demonstration of an optical sampling system, using the optical Kerr effect in a chip-scale device, enabling combined capability for femtosecond resolution and broadband signal wavelength tunability. A temporal resolution <500 fs is achieved using four-wave mixing in a 7-cm-short chalcogenide planar waveguide. The use of a short length, dispersion-shifted waveguide with ultrahigh nonlinearity (104 W-1·km-1) enables high-resolution optical sampling without the detrimental effect of chromatic dispersion on the temporal distortion of the signal and sampling pulses, as well as their phase mismatch. Using the device, we successfully monitor a 640-Gb/s optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) datastream, showcasing its potential for integrated chip-based monitoring of signals at bitrates approaching and beyond Tb/s. We discuss fundamental limitations and potential improvements.

Carrier diffusion measurements in InSb by the angular dependence of degenerate four-wave mixing.

Abstract: Studies of the angular dependence of cw degenerate four-wave mixing in n-type InSb have yielded a value for the diffusion length, l(D), of 60 +/- 2 microm. From this, the dependence of l(D) on photoexcited carrier concentration is calculated. A simple model has been developed to estimate the corresponding parallel-processing capabilities of semi-conductor-based, all-optical, parallel-processing digital computing systems.