Four-wave mixing

About: Four-wave mixing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7530 publications have been published within this topic receiving 112702 citations.

Effective Nonlinear Parameter Measurement Using FWM in Optical Fibers in a Low Power Regime

Abstract: The four-wave mixing (FWM) process in a low power regime is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The coupled-equations for the complex amplitudes are derived and solved. The proposed model is compared with experimental data. Results shows the need of considering both nonlinear and polarization dependent effects in order to obtain an accurate description of the four-wave mixing process in a low power regime. The effective nonlinear parameter is experimentally measured in a dispersion-shifted fiber, and the transition region between an almost co-polarized situation to a decorrelated state of polarization is observed.

Theory of four-wave mixing wavelength conversion in quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers

Abstract: Detailed theoretical analysis of four-wave mixing (FWM) wavelength conversion in quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier (QD-SOA) is presented. The model takes into account the effect of the multidiscrete QD energy levels and the wetting layer. Good agreement between calculated and experimental data is obtained. Because of the discreteness of the energy levels, QD-SOAs demonstrate high FWM conversion efficiencies at high detuning frequency. Our calculations show that carrier escape from the ground state significantly affects the performance of the amplifier.

All-optical limiter circuit based on four-wave mixing in optical fibres

Abstract: The authors present a novel all-optical limiter circuit based on the nonlinear input/output response of a pumping light wave in four-wave mixing in optical fibres. The response is obtained by controlling the phase-matching conditions. It is confirmed experimentally that the limiter circuit can suppress amplified spontaneous emission noise.

Exact theory of pump-wave propagation and its effect on degenerate four-wave mixing in saturable-absorbing media

Abstract: An analytic solution for the intensity distribution of two counterpropagating pump waves within a saturable absorber is derived. From this distribution, the spatial variation of the nonlinear absorption and coupling constants that appear in the coupled-amplitude equations for the probe and the signal (i.e., conjugate) waves are determined. These coupled-amplitude equations are solved numerically in a noniterative manner, leading to a prediction for the phase-conjugate reflectivity. The results of the exact theory are compared with those of previously published theories. It is found that at large values of the input-pump intensities, the predicted phase-conjugate reflectivity is larger when pump-absorption effects are included in the theory.

Enhanced four-wave mixing with nonlinear plasmonic metasurfaces

Abstract: Plasmonic metasurfaces provide an effective way to increase the efficiency of several nonlinear processes while maintaining nanoscale dimensions. In this work, nonlinear metasurfaces based on film-coupled silver nanostripes loaded with Kerr nonlinear material are proposed to achieve efficient four-wave mixing (FWM). Highly localized plasmon resonances are formed in the nanogap between the metallic film and nanostripes. The local electric field is dramatically enhanced in this subwavelength nanoregion. These properties combined with the relaxed phase matching condition due to the ultrathin area lead to a giant FWM efficiency, which is enhanced by nineteen orders of magnitude compared to a bare silver screen. In addition, efficient visible and low-THz sources can be constructed based on the proposed nonlinear metasurfaces. The FWM generated coherent wave has a directional radiation pattern and its output power is relatively insensitive to the incident angles of the excitation sources. This radiated power can be further enhanced by increasing the excitation power. The dielectric nonlinear material placed in the nanogap is mainly responsible for the ultrastrong FWM response. Compact and efficient wave mixers and optical sources spanning different frequency ranges are envisioned to be designed based on the proposed nonlinear metasurface designs.