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Four-wave mixing
About: Four-wave mixing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7530 publications have been published within this topic receiving 112702 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) scheme was proposed in an asymmetric semiconductor double quantum-well (SDQW) structure based on intersubband transitions, and the corresponding explicit analytical expressions for the input probe and generated FWM pulsed fields by use of the coupled Schrodinger-Maxwell approach.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed theoretical analysis of degenerate four-wave mixing by a laser-induced thermal grating in a nematic liquid-crystal film is presented, and it is shown that the coupling of the pump beam to the first-order diffracted beam can give rise to substantial amplification of a probe beam.
Abstract: We present a detailed theoretical analysis of degenerate four-wave mixing by a laser-induced thermal grating in a nematic liquid-crystal film. In particular, we show that the coupling of the (strong) pump beam to the first-order diffracted beam can give rise to substantial amplification of a (weak) probe beam. Experimental verification of this effect with a CO2 laser beam is also made. A probe-beam gain of greater than 20 can easily be observed in a 120-μm film with a pump intensity of the order of a few watts per square centimeter.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple four-wave-mixing (FWM)-based method for measuring the ratio between the third and the fourth-order dispersion coefficients (β3/β4) in optical fibers is reported.
Abstract: A simple four-wave-mixing (FWM)-based method for measuring the ratio between the third- and the fourth-order dispersion coefficients (β3/β4) in optical fibers is reported. The FWM interaction involves a low power laser and a low power amplified spontaneous emission noise source. The method is applied in several dispersion-shifted and non-zero-dispersion-shifted fibers with lengths varying from 0.03 to 25km, and we have obtained an error of less than 3% in measuring β3/β4. In highly nonlinear fibers the error has presented a strong dependency with longitudinal variations of the zero-dispersion wavelength (λ0); an error less than 20% could be obtained in most of the tested fibers. Our method also allows for a fast estimation of the distribution of fluctuations of λ0 along the fiber.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a real-time image division is obtained by using four-wave mixing of a reflection hologram type with photorefractive Bi 12 GeO 20 crystals, which reverses the phase of the incident wave.
31 citations
TL;DR: The comparison of pumping near the gain peak and at the edge of the gain spectrum reveals the optical signal-to-noise ratio as the crucial parameter for error-free wavelength conversion.
Abstract: The static and dynamic characteristics of degenerate four-wave mixing in a quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier are investigated. A high chip conversion efficiency of 1.5 dB at 0.3 nm detuning, a low (< 5 dB) asymmetry of up and down conversion and a spectral conversion range of 15 nm with an optical signal-to-noise ratio above 20 dB is observed. The comparison of pumping near the gain peak and at the edge of the gain spectrum reveals the optical signal-to-noise ratio as the crucial parameter for error-free wavelength conversion. Small-signal bandwidths well beyond 40 GHz and 40 Gb/s error-free 5 nm wavelength down conversion with penalties below 1 dB are presented. Due to the optical signal-to-noise ratio limitation, wavelength up conversion is error-free at a pump wavelength of 1311 nm with a penalty of 2.5 dB, whereas an error floor is observed for pumping at 1291 nm. A dual pump configuration is demonstrated, to extend the wavelength conversion range enabling 15.4 nm error-free wavelength up conversion with 3.5 dB penalty caused by the additional saturation of the second pump. This is the first time that 40 Gb/s error-free wavelength conversion via four-wave mixing in quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers is presented.
31 citations