Topic
Four-wave mixing
About: Four-wave mixing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7530 publications have been published within this topic receiving 112702 citations.
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TL;DR: This work shows that limits ofWave mixing inside optical resonators are overcome by the new concept of travelling-wave resonant four-wave mixing (FWM), which combines the efficiency enhancement provided by resonant propagation with a wide-band conversion process.
Abstract: Wave mixing inside optical resonators, while experiencing a large enhancement of the nonlinear interaction efficiency, suffers from strong bandwidth constraints, preventing its practical exploitation for processing broad-band signals. Here we show that such limits are overcome by the new concept of travelling-wave resonant four-wave mixing (FWM). This approach combines the efficiency enhancement provided by resonant propagation with a wide-band conversion process. Compared with conventional FWM in bare waveguides, it exhibits higher robustness against chromatic dispersion and propagation loss, while preserving transparency to modulation formats. Travelling-wave resonant FWM has been demonstrated in silicon-coupled ring resonators and was exploited to realize a 630-μm-long wavelength converter operating over a wavelength range wider than 60 nm and with 28-dB gain with respect to a bare waveguide of the same physical length. Full compatibility of the travelling-wave resonant FWM with optical signal processing applications has been demonstrated through signal retiming and reshaping at 10 Gb s(-1).
116 citations
116 citations
TL;DR: A clear correlation between atoms with opposite momenta is found, demonstrating pair production in the scattering process, and a Hanbury Brown-Twiss correlation is observed for collinear momenta, which permits an independent measurement of the size of the pair production source and thus thesize of the spatial mode.
Abstract: We study atom scattering from two colliding Bose-Einstein condensates using a position sensitive, time resolved, single atom detector. In analogy to quantum optics, the process can also be thought of as spontaneous, degenerate four-wave mixing of de Broglie waves. We find a clear correlation between atoms with opposite momenta, demonstrating pair production in the scattering process. We also observe a Hanbury Brown-Twiss correlation for collinear momenta, which permits an independent measurement of the size of the pair production source and thus the size of the spatial mode. The back-to-back pairs occupy very nearly two oppositely directed spatial modes, a promising feature for future quantum optics experiments.
116 citations
TL;DR: A significant performance constraint is identified, originating from four-wave mixing between signals and amplified spontaneous emission noise which induces a linear increase in the standard deviation of the received field with signal power, and linear dependence on transmission distance.
Abstract: Limitations in the performance of coherent transmission systems employing digital back-propagation due to four-wave mixing impairments are reported for the first time. A significant performance constraint is identified, originating from four-wave mixing between signals and amplified spontaneous emission noise which induces a linear increase in the standard deviation of the received field with signal power, and linear dependence on transmission distance.
116 citations
TL;DR: In this article, effective medium theory was applied to the problem of four-wave mixing in composites consisting of conducting particles embedded in a linear dielectric medium, where spheroidal conducting particles were considered.
Abstract: We apply effective-medium theory, generalized for nonlinear media, to the problem of four-wave mixing in composites consisting of conducting particles embedded in a linear dielectric medium. For spheroidal conducting particles two cases are considered: (i) the particles are oriented and (ii) the particles have a random orientation. An experiment on gold particle suspensions in glass (Schott RG6) examines the frequency dependence of the conjugate signal intensity in a four-wave mixing geometry. Analysis of these results indicates that the particles with spheroidal shapes are mixed in the glass. We find that frequency and optical depth dependence of the conjugate intensity can be used to gain insight into the shape of the particles, since a large enhancement of the conjugate reflectivity is expected at the surface plasmon resonances, which are highly sensitive to small shape distortions.
114 citations