Topic
Fractional flow reserve
About: Fractional flow reserve is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4075 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104473 citations. The topic is also known as: Myocardial Fractional Flow Reserve & Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: The If Inhibitor Ivabradine in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction is evaluated as well as patients with Diabetes mellitus for Optimal management of Multivessel disease.
Abstract: 99mTc
: technetium-99m
201TI
: thallium 201
ABCB1
: ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1
ABI
: ankle-brachial index
ACC
: American College of Cardiology
ACCF
: American College of Cardiology Foundation
ACCOMPLISH
: Avoiding Cardiovascular Events Through Combination Therapy in Patients Living With Systolic Hypertension
ACE
: angiotensin converting enzyme
ACIP
: Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischaemia Pilot
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
ADA
: American Diabetes Association
ADP
: adenosine diphosphate
AHA
: American Heart Association
ARB
: angiotensin II receptor antagonist
ART
: Arterial Revascularization Trial
ASCOT
: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial
ASSERT
: Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation and Stroke Evaluation in pacemaker patients and the atrial fibrillation Reduction atrial pacing Trial
AV
: atrioventricular
BARI 2D
: Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes
BEAUTIFUL
: Morbidity-Mortality Evaluation of the If Inhibitor Ivabradine in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction
BIMA
: bilateral internal mammary artery
BMI
: body mass index
BMS
: bare metal stent
BNP
: B-type natriuretic peptide
BP
: blood pressure
b.p.m.
: beats per minute
CABG
: coronary artery bypass graft
CAD
: coronary artery disease
CAPRIE
: Clopidogrel vs. Aspirin in Patients at Risk of Ischaemic Events
CASS
: Coronary Artery Surgery Study
CCB
: calcium channel blocker
CCS
: Canadian Cardiovascular Society
CFR
: coronary flow reserve
CHARISMA
: Clopidogrel for High Atherothrombotic Risk and Ischaemic Stabilization, Management and Avoidance
CI
: confidence interval
CKD
: chronic kidney disease
CKD-EPI
: Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration
CMR
: cardiac magnetic resonance
CORONARY
: The CABG Off or On Pump Revascularization Study
COURAGE
: Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation
COX-1
: cyclooxygenase-1
COX-2
: cyclooxygenase-2
CPG
: Committee for Practice Guidelines
CT
: computed tomography
CTA
: computed tomography angiography
CV
: cardiovascular
CVD
: cardiovascular disease
CXR
: chest X-ray
CYP2C19*2
: cytochrome P450 2C19
CYP3A
: cytochrome P3A
CYP3A4
: cytochrome P450 3A4
CYP450
: cytochrome P450
DANAMI
: Danish trial in Acute Myocardial Infarction
DAPT
: dual antiplatelet therapy
DBP
: diastolic blood pressure
DECOPI
: Desobstruction Coronaire en Post-Infarctus
DES
: drug-eluting stents
DHP
: dihydropyridine
DSE
: dobutamine stress echocardiography
EACTS
: European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery
EECP
: enhanced external counterpulsation
EMA
: European Medicines Agency
EASD
: European Association for the Study of Diabetes
ECG
: electrocardiogram
Echo
: echocardiogram
ED
: erectile dysfunction
EF
: ejection fraction
ESC
: European Society of Cardiology
EXCEL
: Evaluation of XIENCE PRIME or XIENCE V vs. Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization
FAME
: Fractional Flow Reserve vs. Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation
FDA
: Food & Drug Administration (USA)
FFR
: fractional flow reserve
FREEDOM
: Design of the Future Revascularization Evaluation in patients with Diabetes mellitus: Optimal management of Multivessel disease
GFR
: glomerular filtration rate
HbA1c
: glycated haemoglobin
HDL
: high density lipoprotein
HDL-C
: high density lipoprotein cholesterol
HR
: hazard ratio
HRT
: hormone replacement therapy
hs-CRP
: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
HU
: Hounsfield units
ICA
: invasive coronary angiography
IMA
: internal mammary artery
IONA
: Impact Of Nicorandil in Angina
ISCHEMIA
: International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches
IVUS
: intravascular ultrasound
JSAP
: Japanese Stable Angina Pectoris
KATP
: ATP-sensitive potassium channels
LAD
: left anterior descending
LBBB
: left bundle branch block
LIMA
: Left internal mammary artery
LDL
: low density lipoprotein
LDL-C
: low density lipoprotein cholesterol
LM
: left main
LMS
: left main stem
LV
: left ventricular
LVEF
: left ventricular ejection fraction
LVH
: left ventricular hypertrophy
MACE
: major adverse cardiac events
MASS
: Medical, Angioplasty, or Surgery Study
MDRD
: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
MERLIN
: Metabolic Efficiency with Ranolazine for Less Ischaemia in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
MERLIN-TIMI 36
: Metabolic Efficiency with Ranolazine for Less Ischemia in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction
MET
: metabolic equivalents
MI
: myocardial infarction
MICRO-HOPE
: Microalbuminuria, cardiovascular and renal sub-study of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation study
MPI
: myocardial perfusion imaging
MRI
: magnetic resonance imaging
NO
: nitric oxide
NSAIDs
: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSTE-ACS
: non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
NYHA
: New York Heart Association
OAT
: Occluded Artery Trial
OCT
: optical coherence tomography
OMT
: optimal medical therapy
PAR-1
: protease activated receptor type 1
PCI
: percutaneous coronary intervention
PDE5
: phosphodiesterase type 5
PES
: paclitaxel-eluting stents
PET
: positron emission tomography
PRECOMBAT
: Premier of Randomized Comparison of Bypass Surgery vs. Angioplasty Using Sirolimus-Eluting Stent in Patients with Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
PTP
: pre-test probability
PUFA
: polyunsaturated fatty acid
PVD
: peripheral vascular disease
QoL
: quality of life
RBBB
: right bundle branch block
REACH
: Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health
RITA-2
: Second Randomized Intervention Treatment of Angina
ROOBY
: Veterans Affairs Randomized On/Off Bypass
SAPT
: single antiplatelet therapy
SBP
: systolic blood pressure
SCAD
: stable coronary artery disease
SCORE
: Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation
SCS
: spinal cord stimulation
SES
: sirolimus-eluting stents
SIMA
: single internal mammary artery
SPECT
: single photon emission computed tomography
STICH
: Surgical Treatment for Ischaemic Heart Failure
SWISSI II
: Swiss Interventional Study on Silent Ischaemia Type II
SYNTAX
: SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery
TC
: total cholesterol
TENS
: transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation
TERISA
: Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina
TIME
: Trial of Invasive vs. Medical therapy
TIMI
: Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction
TMR
: transmyocardial laser revascularization
TOAT
: The Open Artery Trial
WOEST
: What is the Optimal antiplatElet and anticoagulant therapy in patients with oral anticoagulation and coronary StenTing
Guidelines summarize and evaluate all evidence available, at the time of the writing process, on a particular issue with the aim of assisting physicians in selecting the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition, taking into account the impact on outcome, as well …
3,879 citations
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TL;DR: This paper presents a Randomized Assessment of Acute Coronary Syndrome Treatment of Intracoronary Stenting With Antithrombotic Regimen and Harmonizing Outcomes with RevasculariZatiON and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Abstract: ABOARD
: Angioplasty to Blunt the Rise of Troponin in Acute Coronary Syndromes Randomized for an Immediate or Delayed Intervention
ACC
: American College of Cardiology
ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACS
: acute coronary syndromes
ACT
: activated clotting time
ACUITY
: Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage strategY
AF
: atrial fibrillation
AHA
: American Heart Association
APPRAISE
: Apixaban for Prevention of Acute Ischemic Events
aPTT
: activated partial thromboplastin time
ARB
: angiotensin receptor blocker
ARC
: Academic Research Consortium
ATLAS
: Anti-Xa Therapy to Lower Cardiovascular Events in Addition to Aspirin With or Without Thienopyridine Therapy in Subjects with Acute Coronary Syndrome
BARI-2D
: Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes
BMS
: bare-metal stent
BNP
: brain natriuretic peptide
CABG
: coronary bypass graft
CAD
: coronary artery disease
CI
: confidence interval
CK
: creatinine kinase
CKD
: chronic kidney disease
CK-MB
: creatinine kinase myocardial band
COX
: cyclo-oxygenase
CMR
: cardiac magnetic resonance
COMMIT
: Clopidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial
CPG
: Committee for Practice Guidelines
CrCl
: creatinine clearance
CRP
: C-reactive protein
CRUSADE
: Can Rapid risk stratification of Unstable angina patients Suppress ADverse outcomes with Early implementation of the ACC/AHA guidelines
CT
: computed tomography
CURE
: Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events
CURRENT
: Clopidogrel Optimal Loading Dose Usage to Reduce Recurrent Events
CYP
: cytochrome P450
DAPT
: dual (oral) antiplatelet therapy
DAVIT
: Danish Study Group on Verapamil in Myocardial Infarction Trial
DES
: drug-eluting stent
DTI
: direct thrombin inhibitor
DIGAMI
: Diabetes, Insulin Glucose Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction
EARLY-ACS
: Early Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
ECG
: electrocardiogram
eGFR
: estimated glomerular filtration rate
ELISA
: Early or Late Intervention in unStable Angina
ESC
: European Society of Cardiology
Factor Xa
: activated factor X
FFR
: fractional flow reserve
FRISC
: Fragmin during Instability in Coronary Artery Disease
GP IIb/IIIa
: glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
GRACE
: Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events
HINT
: Holland Interuniversity Nifedipine/Metoprolol Trial
HIT
: heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
HORIZONS
: Harmonizing Outcomes with RevasculariZatiON and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction
HR
: hazard ratio
hsCRP
: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
ICTUS
: Invasive vs. Conservative Treatment in Unstable coronary Syndromes
INR
: international normalized ratio
INTERACT
: Integrilin and Enoxaparin Randomized Assessment of Acute Coronary Syndrome Treatment
ISAR-COOL
: Intracoronary Stenting With Antithrombotic Regimen Cooling Off
ISAR-REACT
: Intracoronary stenting and Antithrombotic Regimen- Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment
i.v.
: intravenous
LDL-C
: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
LMWH
: low molecular weight heparin
LV
: left ventricular
LVEF
: left ventricular ejection fraction
MB
: myocardial band
MDRD
: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
MERLIN
: Metabolic Efficiency With Ranolazine for Less Ischemia in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
MI
: myocardial infarction
MINAP
: Myocardial Infarction National Audit Project
MRI
: magnetic resonance imaging
NNT
: numbers needed to treat
NSAID
: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
NSTE-ACS
: non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes
NSTEMI
: non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
NT-proBNP
: N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide
OASIS
: Organization to Assess Strategies for Ischaemic Syndromes
OPTIMA
: Optimal Timing of PCI in Unstable Angina
OR
: odds ratio
PCI
: percutaneous coronary intervention
PENTUA
: Pentasaccharide in Unstable Angina
PLATO
: PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes
PURSUIT
: Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Unstable Angina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin Therapy
RCT
: randomized controlled trial
RE-DEEM
: Randomized Dabigatran Etexilate Dose Finding Study In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) Post Index Event With Additional Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Complications Also Receiving Aspirin And Clopidogrel
REPLACE-2
: Randomized Evaluation of PCI Linking Angiomax to reduced Clinical Events
RIKS-HIA
: Register of Information and Knowledge about Swedish Heart Intensive care Admissions
RITA
: Research Group in Instability in Coronary Artery Disease trial
RR
: relative risk
RRR
: relative risk reduction
STE-ACS
: ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
STEMI
: ST-elevation myocardial infarction
SYNERGY
: Superior Yield of the New Strategy of Enoxaparin, Revascularization and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors trial
SYNTAX
: SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery
TACTICS
: Treat angina with Aggrastat and determine Cost of Therapy with an Invasive or Conservative Strategy
TARGET
: Do Tirofiban and ReoPro Give Similar Efficacy Outcomes Trial
TIMACS
: Timing of Intervention in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes
TIMI
: Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction
TRITON
: TRial to Assess Improvement in Therapeutic Outcomes by Optimizing Platelet InhibitioN with Prasugrel–Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction
UFH
: unfractionated heparin
VKA
: vitamin K antagonist
VTE
: venous thrombo-embolism
Guidelines summarize and evaluate all available evidence, at the time of the writing process, on a particular issue with the aim of assisting physicians in selecting the best management strategies for an individual patient, with a given condition, taking into account the impact on outcome, as well as the risk–benefit ratio of particular diagnostic or therapeutic means. Guidelines are no substitutes but are complements for textbooks and cover the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Core Curriculum topics. Guidelines and recommendations should help the physicians to make decisions in their daily practice. However, the final decisions concerning an individual patient must be made by the responsible physician(s).
A great number of Guidelines have been issued in recent years by the ESC as well as by other societies and organizations. Because of the impact on clinical practice, quality criteria for the development of guidelines have been established in order to make all decisions transparent to the user. The recommendations for formulating and issuing ESC Guidelines can be found on the ESC website (http://www.escardio.org/guidelines-surveys/esc-guidelines/about/Pages/rules-writing.aspx). ESC Guidelines represent the official position of the ESC on a given topic and are regularly updated.
Members of this Task Force were selected by the ESC to represent professionals involved with the medical care of patients with this pathology. Selected experts in the field undertook a comprehensive review of the published evidence for diagnosis, management, and/or prevention of a given condition according to ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) policy. A critical evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures was performed including assessment of the risk–benefit ratio. Estimates of expected health outcomes for larger populations were included, where data exist. The level of evidence and the strength of recommendation of particular treatment options were weighed and graded according to pre-defined scales, as outlined in Tables 1 and 2 . …
3,841 citations
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TL;DR: Routine measurement of FFR in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who are undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stents significantly reduces the rate of the composite end point of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization at 1 year.
Abstract: Background In patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary angiography is the standard method for guiding the placement of the stent. It is unclear whether routine measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR; the ratio of maximal blood flow in a stenotic artery to normal maximal flow), in addition to angiography, improves outcomes. Methods In 20 medical centers in the United States and Europe, we randomly assigned 1005 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease to undergo PCI with implantation of drug-eluting stents guided by angiography alone or guided by FFR measurements in addition to angiography. Before randomization, lesions requiring PCI were identified on the basis of their angiographic appearance. Patients assigned to angiography-guided PCI underwent stenting of all indicated lesions, whereas those assigned to FFR-guided PCI underwent stenting of indicated lesions only if the FFR was 0.80 or less. The primary end point was the rate of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization at 1 year. Results The mean (±SD) number of indicated lesions per patient was 2.7±0.9 in the angiography group and 2.8±1.0 in the FFR group (P = 0.34). The number of stents used per patient was 2.7±1.2 and 1.9±1.3, respectively (P<0.001). The 1-year event rate was 18.3% (91 patients) in the angiography group and 13.2% (67 patients) in the FFR group (P = 0.02). Seventy-eight percent of the patients in the angiography group were free from angina at 1 year, as compared with 81% of patients in the FFR group (P = 0.20). Conclusions Routine measurement of FFR in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who are undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stents significantly reduces the rate of the composite end point of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization at 1 year. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00267774.)
3,479 citations
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TL;DR: In patients with stable coronary artery disease and functionally significant stenoses, FFR-guided PCI plus the best available medical therapy, as compared with the best Available medical therapy alone, decreased the need for urgent revascularization.
Abstract: A b s t r ac t Background The preferred initial treatment for patients with stable coronary artery disease is the best available medical therapy. We hypothesized that in patients with functionally significant stenoses, as determined by measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) plus the best available medical therapy would be superior to the best available medical therapy alone. Methods In patients with stable coronary artery disease for whom PCI was being considered, we assessed all stenoses by measuring FFR. Patients in whom at least one stenosis was functionally significant (FFR, ≤0.80) were randomly assigned to FFR-guided PCI plus the best available medical therapy (PCI group) or the best available medical therapy alone (medical-therapy group). Patients in whom all stenoses had an FFR of more than 0.80 were entered into a registry and received the best available medical therapy. The primary end point was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization. Results Recruitment was halted prematurely after enrollment of 1220 patients (888 who underwent randomization and 332 enrolled in the registry) because of a significant between-group difference in the percentage of patients who had a primary endpoint event: 4.3% in the PCI group and 12.7% in the medical-therapy group (hazard ratio with PCI, 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19 to 0.53; P<0.001). The difference was driven by a lower rate of urgent revascularization in the PCI group than in the medical-therapy group (1.6% vs. 11.1%; hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.30; P<0.001); in particular, in the PCI group, fewer urgent revascularizations were triggered by a myocardial infarction or evidence of ischemia on electrocardiography (hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.43; P<0.001). Among patients in the registry, 3.0% had a primary end-point event. Conclusions In patients with stable coronary artery disease and functionally significant stenoses, FFR-guided PCI plus the best available medical therapy, as compared with the best available medical therapy alone, decreased the need for urgent revascularization. In patients without ischemia, the outcome appeared to be favorable with the best available medical therapy alone. (Funded by St. Jude Medical; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01132495.)
2,195 citations
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TL;DR: In patients with coronary stenosis of moderate severity, FFR appears to be a useful index of the functional severity of the stenoses and the need for coronary revascularization.
Abstract: Background The clinical significance of coronary-artery stenoses of moderate severity can be difficult to determine. Myocardial fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a new index of the functional severity of coronary stenoses that is calculated from pressure measurements made during coronary arteriography. We compared this index with the results of noninvasive tests commonly used to detect myocardial ischemia, to determine the usefulness of the index. Methods In 45 consecutive patients with moderate coronary stenosis and chest pain of uncertain origin, we performed bicycle exercise testing, thallium scintigraphy, stress echocardiography with dobutamine, and quantitative coronary arteriography and compared the results with measurements of FFR. Results In all 21 patients with an FFR of less than 0.75, reversible myocardial ischemia was demonstrated unequivocally on at least one noninvasive test. After coronary angioplasty or bypass surgery was performed, all the positive test results reverted to normal. In contr...
2,097 citations