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Free electron model
About: Free electron model is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4678 publications have been published within this topic receiving 103535 citations.
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01 Sep 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a free electron picture of Crystalline Structures and a wave diffraction from Crystals, and then show how to use it for high field transport in Semiconductors.
Abstract: Chapter 1: Free Electron PictureChapter 2: Crystalline StructuresChapter 3: Wave Diffraction From CrystalsChapter 4: Electrons in Periodic StructuresChapter 5: Semiconductor BandstructuresChapter 6: Bandstructure Modifications--Alloys and HeterostructuresChapter 7: Bandstructure Modifications: Strained StructuresChapter 8: Lattice Vibrations--PhononsChapter 9: Doped SemiconductorsChapter 10: Carrier Transport--Basic FormalismChapter 11: Carrier Scattering by DefectsChapter 12: Carrier Scattering by PhononsChapter 13: Carrier-Carrier ScatteringChapter 14: High Field TransportChapter 15: Optical Processes in SemiconductorsChapter 16: Optical Processes in Semiconductors: Excitons
544 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the linear response theory was used to describe the quantum-mechanical treatment of fine metallic particles with a peak optical absorption around the frequency of the plasma mode and the absorption is broadened by coupling of the plasmas oscillation with the individual electronic states which are quantized in discrete levels.
Abstract: Fine metallic particles exhibit a peak of optical absorption around the frequency of the plasma mode. The absorption is broadened by coupling of the plasma oscillation with the individual electronic states which are quantized in discrete levels. Thus the broadening should not be interpreted as the resistance of free electrons scattered at the surfaces of particles. The quantum-mechanical treatment is described here on the basis of the linear response theory. Existent experimental data are discussed briefly.
536 citations
TL;DR: Demonstration of the quantum Hall effect in an oxide heterostructure presents the possibility of combining quantum Hall physics with the versatile functionality of metal oxides in complex heterostructures.
Abstract: We observed Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation and the quantum Hall effect in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in polar ZnO/Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O heterostructures grown by laser molecular beam epitaxy. The electron density could be controlled in a range of 0.7 x 10(12) to 3.7 x 10(12) per square centimeter by tuning the magnesium content in the barriers and the growth polarity. From the temperature dependence of the oscillation amplitude, the effective mass of the two-dimensional electrons was derived as 0.32 +/- 0.03 times the free electron mass. Demonstration of the quantum Hall effect in an oxide heterostructure presents the possibility of combining quantum Hall physics with the versatile functionality of metal oxides in complex heterostructures.
518 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a rate equation for the free electron density was numerically solved to calculate the evolution of the electron density during the laser pulse and to determine the absorption coefficient and energy density of the plasma.
Abstract: The generation of plasmas in water by high-power laser pulses was investigated for pulse durations between 100 ns and 100 fs on the basis of a rate equation for the free electron density. The rate equation was numerically solved to calculate the evolution of the electron density during the laser pulse and to determine the absorption coefficient and energy density of the plasma. For nanosecond laser pulses, the generation of free electrons in distilled water is initiated by multiphoton ionization but then dominated by cascade ionization. For shorter laser pulses, multiphoton ionization gains ever more importance, and collision and recombination losses during breakdown diminish. The corresponding changes in the evolution of the free carrier density explain the reduction of the energy threshold for breakdown and of the plasma energy density observed with decreasing laser pulse duration. By solving the rate equation, we could also explain the complex pulse duration dependence of plasma transmission found in previous experiments. Good quantitative agreement was found between calculated and measured values for the breakdown threshold, plasma absorption coefficient, and plasma energy density.
510 citations
TL;DR: Thomson theory of arbitrarily intense elliptically polarized plane electromagnetic wave scattering by free electrons, solving electron equations of motion as discussed by the authors, solving electron equation of motion (EoMOM).
Abstract: Thomson theory of arbitrarily intense elliptically polarized plane electromagnetic wave scattering by free electrons, solving electron equations of motion
452 citations