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Free electron model
About: Free electron model is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4678 publications have been published within this topic receiving 103535 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the electron phase-space evolution and gain in free electron laser systems with Gaussian spherial wavefronts were studied, and it was shown that the gain spectrum is no longer proportional to the slope of the forward spontaneous emission spectrum.
Abstract: We study the electron phase-space evolution and gain in free electron lasers whose short-wavelength radiation has Gaussian spherial wavefronts. Several free electron laser designs are considered: the undulator, the tapered wavelength undulator, and the optical klystron. We find that the gain spectrum is no longer proportional to the slope of the forward spontaneous emission spectrum, and we determine the design of the Gaussian mode which maximizes the energy extraction from the electron beam.
65 citations
TL;DR: These laser pulses interacting with fused silica are shown to produce above-critical plasma densities and electron energy densities sufficient to attain experimentally measured damage thresholds, consistent with recent experimental results.
Abstract: The interaction of intense, femtosecond laser pulses with a dielectric medium is examined using a numerical simulation. The simulation uses the one-dimensional electromagnetic wave equation to model laser pulse propagation. In addition, it includes multiphoton ionization, electron attachment, Ohmic heating of free electrons, and temperature-dependent collisional ionization. Laser pulses considered in this study are characterized by peak intensities approximately 10(12) -10(14) W/cm(2) and pulse durations approximately 10-100 fsec . These laser pulses interacting with fused silica are shown to produce above-critical plasma densities and electron energy densities sufficient to attain experimentally measured damage thresholds. Significant transmission of laser energy is observed even in cases where the peak plasma density is above the critical density for reflection. A damage fluence based on absorbed laser energy is calculated for various pulse durations. The calculated damage fluence threshold is found to be consistent with recent experimental results.
65 citations
03 May 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the mechanisms of ultrafast free-electron generation in laser-irradiated dielectrics and derived the transient free-energy density in laser IR dielectric.
Abstract: We study the mechanisms of ultrafast free-electron generation in laser-irradiated dielectrics The transient free-electron density in laser-irradiated dielectrics is calculated with a widely applicable new model, the multiple rate equation The system of simple rate equations keeps track of the nonstationary electron energy distribution We clarify the role of different ionization processes in dependence on laser pulse duration and intensity
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the method of nearly free electrons can be used to compute the energy spectra of the valence electrons in metal if we require that the wave functions of the electrons be orthogonal to the wave function of the ion electrons of the metal.
Abstract: It is shown that the method of nearly free electrons can be used to compute the energy spectra of the valence electrons in metal if we require that the wave functions of the valence electrons be orthogonal to the wave functions of the ion electrons of the metal. The orthogonality condition is here replaced by a repulsion potential. The energy values of some characteristic points in the first and second Brillouin zones of Na, K, Rb, and Cs were calculated.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Boltzmann equation describing electron flow in semiconductor devices is considered, and the collision operator models the scattering processes between free electrons and phonons in thermal equilibrium.
65 citations