Fresnel zone

About: Fresnel zone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2337 publications have been published within this topic receiving 37650 citations.

Spatiotemporal Analysis of an Efficient Fresnel Grating Coupler for Focusing Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Abstract: Time-resolved photoemission microscopy is used to investigate the spatiotemporal properties of surface plasmon polaritons launched at a Fresnel-type grating coupler. By milling a multiline structure of segmented grooves with dimensions derived from Fresnel zones into a plasmonic material, efficient focusing of surface plasmon polaritons can be accomplished. We demonstrate the presence of pulse broadening at the focus associated with propagation delays in the device. Moreover, our experimental data implies an enhancement of the plasmonic field energy density at the focus in excess of a factor of 10, with a focal spot size at the Abbe limit for our lens.

Advanced X-ray diffractive optics

Abstract: X-ray microscopy greatly benefits from the advances in x-ray optics. At the Paul Scherrer Institut, developments in x-ray diffractive optics include the manufacture and optimization of Fresnel zone plates (FZPs) and diffractive optical elements for both soft and hard x-ray regimes. In particular, we demonstrate here a novel method for the production of ultra-high resolution FZPs. This technique is based on the deposition of a zone plate material (iridium) onto the sidewalls of a prepatterned template structure (silicon) by atomic layer deposition. This approach overcomes the limitations due to electron-beam writing of dense patterns in FZP fabrication and provides a clear route to push the resolution into sub-10 nm regime. A FZP fabricated by this method was used to resolve test structures with 12 nm lines and spaces at the scanning transmission x-ray microscope of the PolLux beamline of the Swiss Light Source at 1.2 keV photon energy.

Compact generation of superposed higher-order Bessel beams via composite diffractive optical elements

Abstract: Binary composite diffractive optical elements with the functions of a spiral phase plate (SPP), an axicon, and a Fresnel zone lens (FZL) were designed with different topological charges. The element was designed in two steps. In the first step, the function of an SPP was combined with that of an axicon by spiraling the periods of the axicon with respect to the phase of the SPP followed by a modulo- 2π phase addition with the phase of an FZL in the second step. The higher-order Bessel beams generated by the binary phase spiral axicon are superposed at the FZL’s focal plane. Although location of the focal plane is wavelength dependent, the radius of the flower-like beams generated by the element was found to be independent of wavelength. The element was fabricated using electron-beam direct writing. The evaluation results matched well with the simulation results, generating flower-like beams at the focal plane of the FZL.

Fresnel zone imaging system and method

Abstract: A method for Fresnel zone imaging is provided. The method comprises identifying a plurality of constructive regions and a plurality of destructive regions in an energy transmitting device and converting the destructive regions to the constructive regions by using an apodization profile. The apodization profile comprises apodization values for each constructive region and destructive region and the apodization values comprise real numbers.