Fuel gas

About: Fuel gas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 25456 publications have been published within this topic receiving 199133 citations. The topic is also known as: power gas & gas fuel.

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs): a review of an environmentally clean and efficient source of energy

Abstract: The generation of energy by clean, efficient and environmental-friendly means is now one of the major challenges for engineers and scientists Fuel cells convert chemical energy of a fuel gas directly into electrical work, and are efficient and environmentally clean, since no combustion is required Moreover, fuel cells have the potential for development to a sufficient size for applications for commercial electricity generation This paper outlines the acute global population growth and the growing need and use of energy and its consequent environmental impacts The existing or emerging fuel cells’ technologies are comprehensively discussed in this paper In particular, attention is given to the design and operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs), noting the restrictions based on materials’ requirements and fuel specifications Moreover, advantages of SOFCs with respect to the other fuel cell technologies are identified This paper also reviews the limitations and the benefits of SOFCs in relationship with energy, environment and sustainable development Few potential applications, as long-term potential actions for sustainable development, and the future of such devices are discussed

A review of the primary measures for tar elimination in biomass gasification processes

Abstract: Tar formation is one of the major problems to deal with during biomass gasification. Tar condenses at reduced temperature, thus blocking and fouling process equipments such as engines and turbines. Considerable efforts have been directed on tar removal from fuel gas. Tar removal technologies can broadly be divided into two approaches; hot gas cleaning after the gasifier (secondary methods), and treatments inside the gasifier (primary methods). Although secondary methods are proven to be effective, treatments inside the gasifier are gaining much attention as these may eliminate the need for downstream cleanup. In primary treatment, the gasifier is optimized to produce a fuel gas with minimum tar concentration. The different approaches of primary treatment are (a) proper selection of operating parameters, (b) use of bed additive/catalyst, and (c) gasifier modifications. The operating parameters such as temperature, gasifying agent, equivalence ratio, residence time, etc. play an important role in formation and decomposition of tar. There is a potential of using some active bed additives such as dolomite, olivine, char, etc. inside the gasifier. Ni-based catalyst are reported to be very effective not only for tar reduction, but also for decreasing the amount of nitrogenous compounds such as ammonia. Also, reactor modification can improve the quality of the product gas. The concepts of two-stage gasification and secondary air injection in the gasifier are of prime importance. Some aspects of primary methods and the research and development in this area are reviewed and cited in the present paper.