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Fullerene
About: Fullerene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12723 publications have been published within this topic receiving 359173 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that carbon nanotubes self-assemble under homogeneous gas-phase conditions of carbon condensation in an inert atmosphere heated to 1200$DGR@C-conditions previously thought to be optimal only for the annealing and growth of C{sub 60} and other spheroidal shells.
Abstract: Carbon nanotubes in the form of multiwalled fullerenes are shown here to self-assemble under homogeneous gas-phase conditions of carbon condensation in an inert atmosphere heated to 1200$DGR@C-conditions previously thought to be optimal only for the annealing and growth of C{sub 60} and other spheroidal shells. Tubular fullerenes are known to be less stable than their spheroidal counterparts and have thus far been reported only in circumstances where some extrinsic factor (e.g., high electric fields, catalytic metal particles, hydrogen atoms, or a surface at low temperature) was available to help keep the fullerene structure open at its growing end. The experimental evidence reported here now indicates that multiwalled tube growth is inherent in the condensation of pure carbon vapors. Adatoms bonded between edge atoms of adjacent layers at the growing end are proposed to be the crucial intrinsic factor facilitating tube growth by stabilizing the open conformation against closure. This new view of the growing nanotube tip structure is likely to impact on nanotube growth mechanisms under other conditions, particularly the arc. 32 refs., 4 figs.
568 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: In this paper, the vibrational Raman and infrared spectra for chemically separated C 60 and C 70 fullerenes were reported and compared with the calculated spectrum for buckminsterfullerene.
554 citations
543 citations
TL;DR: A four-step organic reaction that completely closes a 13-membered ring orifice of an open-cage fullerene is reported that can be used to synthesize a fullerenes C60 encapsulating molecular hydrogen, which can be isolated as a pure product.
Abstract: In spite of their importance in fundamental and applied studies, the preparation of endohedral fullerenes has relied on difficult-to-control physical methods. We report a four-step organic reaction that completely closes a 13-membered ring orifice of an open-cage fullerene. This process can be used to synthesize a fullerene C60 encapsulating molecular hydrogen, which can be isolated as a pure product. This molecular surgical method should make possible the preparation of a series of C60 fullerenes, encapsulating either small atoms or molecules, that are not accessible by conventional physical methods.
535 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported calculations of properties of C{sub 60} as a gas and a solid. But, because of the spherical form of the C{ sub 60} molecule, it was treated as a sphere for some calculations.
Abstract: The author reports calculations of properties of C{sub 60} as a gas and a solid. Because of the spherical form of the C{sub 60} molecule, it is treated as a sphere for some calculations. For gas phase molecules the equation of state is derived, from calculations of the second virial coefficient. For solids, compressibility, surface energy, and specific heat are calculated.
531 citations