Fullerene

About: Fullerene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12723 publications have been published within this topic receiving 359173 citations.

Principles of Fullerene Reactivity

Abstract: The fullerenes have been established as new and versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. A large number of fascinating fullerene derivatives, especially of the icosahedral buck-minsterfullerene C60, have been synthesized. The chemistry of C60 continues to be good for many surprises. However, based on present knowledge a series of reactivity principles can be deduced which makes derivatization of this all carbon cluster more and more predictable. In this article first the geometric and electronic properties of the parent molecule are analyzed. The bent structure of the carbon network C60 and the filling of its molecular orbital with 60 π-electrons dictate the chemical reactivity. A very important aspect that was introduced with the investigation of fullerene chemistry is the shape dependence of reactivity.

Fullerenes : principles and applications

Abstract: Preface Production, Isolation and Purification of Fullerenes Basic Principles of the Chemical Reactivity of Fullerenes Three Electrodes and a Cage: an Account of Electrochemical Research on C60, C70 and their Derivatives Light Induced Processes in Fullerene Multicomponent Systems Dendritic Encapsulation of Fullerenes to Facilitate their Nanoscopic Organization Hydrogen Bonding Donor-Acceptor Carbon Nanostructures Fullerenes for Material Science Plastic Solar Cells Using Fullerene Derivatives in the Photoactive Layer Fullerene Modified Electrodes and Solar Cells Biological Applications of Fullerenes Covalent and Non-covalent Approaches towards Multifunctional Carbon Nanotube Materials Subject Index

The stabilization of fused-pentagon fullerene molecules

Abstract: The most stable fullerenes obey the isolated-pentagon rule (IPR): hexagons of carbon atoms entirely surround pentagons to minimize strain. Recently, some examples of fused-pentagon fullerenes have been reported and this Review summarizes current work to stabilize non-IPR fullerenes. The isolated pentagon rule (IPR) is now widely accepted as a general rule for determining the stability of all-carbon fullerene cages composed of hexagons and pentagons. Fullerenes that violate this rule have been deemed too reactive to be synthesized. The stabilization of non-IPR endohedral fullerenes depends on charge transfer from the encapsulated metal clusters (endoclusters) to fullerene cages, the electronic properties of empty all-carbon cages, the matching size and geometries of fullerene and endocluster, as well as the strong coordination of the metal ions to fused pentagons. The stability of non-IPR exohedral fullerenes can be rationalized primarily by both the 'strain-relief' and 'local-aromaticity' principles. This Review focuses on recent work on stabilization of non-IPR fullerenes, including theoretical and empirical principles, experimental methods, and molecular structures of fused-pentagon fullerenes characterized so far. The special chemical properties of non-IPR fullerenes that distinguish them from IPR-satisfying ones are also emphasized.

Prediction of a pure-carbon planar covalent metal.

Abstract: Carbon is well-known as an insulator, a semimetal, a molecular solid, and a one-dimensional semiconductor or low-density-of-states metal. We propose a pure-carbon planar structure composed of pentagons and heptagons that is metallic with a density of states at the Fermi level of \ensuremath{\sim}0.1 state per eV per atom. This structure, planar carbon pentaheptite, is metastable with a total energy per carbon atom comparable to that of ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$. The structure can be rolled into tubes in a manner similar to graphite. Possible synthetic pathways are discussed.