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Fullerene
About: Fullerene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12723 publications have been published within this topic receiving 359173 citations.
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TL;DR: Furlerene thin films, organic polymeric materials that contain fullerene molecules, and incorporation of fullerenes and their derivatives in inorganic host matrixes to fabricate organic−inorganic nanocomposites as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The development of new materials based on the novel and unique properties exhibited by the family of fullerenes is attracting growing interest from materials scientists. As the progress of the studies discloses new properties and basic knowledge is better established, three main fields are emerging in the preparation of materials from fullerenes: fullerene thin films, organic polymeric materials that contain fullerene molecules, and the incorporation of fullerenes and their derivatives in inorganic host matrixes to fabricate organic−inorganic nanocomposites. This last family of materials, in particular, opens several interesting perspectives for different applications, especially in nonlinear optics and photoelectrochemistry. Fullerene organic−inorganic nanocomposites have been prepared using porous media as a host matrix and different groups of materials synthesized via sol−gel, such as aerogels, porous inorganic oxides, and hybrid and mesoporous materials. Nanocomposite materials developed from fullere...
130 citations
Book•
16 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of intelligent macromolecules is introduced. But the authors do not specify a method to synthesize such macromoles, only a set of precursors.
Abstract: 1 The Concepts of Intelligent Macromolecules and Smart Devices 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Concept of Intelligent Macromolecules 1.2.1 Synthetic Macromolecules 1.2.1.1 Chain Structure and Classification 1.2.1.2 Synthesis 1.2.1.3 Chain Conformation 1.2.1.4 Macromolecular Structure in Solution 1.2.1.5 Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary Structure 1.2.2 Biological Macromolecules 1.2.2.1 Structure of DNA 1.2.2.2 Structure of Proteins 1.2.2.3 Structure of Polysaccharides 1.2.3 Carbon Nanomaterials 1.2.4 Intelligent Macromolecules 1.3 The Concept of Smart Devices 1.3.1 Self-assembling and Micro-/Nano-fabrication 1.3.2 Functional Structures and Smart Devices 1.4 References Part I. Intelligent Macromolecules 2 Conducting Polymers 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Conjugated Conducting Polymers 2.2.1 Structure and Properties 2.2.1.1 - * Conjugation 2.2.1.2 Doping 2.2.2 Synthesis 2.2.2.1 Syntheses of Soluble Conjugated Polymers 2.2.2.2 Syntheses of Conjugated Polymer Films 2.3 Charge Transfer Polymers 2.3.1 Organic Charge Transfer Complexes 2.3.2 Polymeric Charge Transfer Complexes 2.3.3 Charge Transfer Between Fullerene C60 and Polymers 2.4 Ionically Conducting Polymers 2.4.1 Structural Features of Polymer Electrolytes 2.4.2 Transport Properties and Chain Dynamics 2.5 Conductively Filled Polymers 2.5.1 Polymers Filled with Conductive Solids 2.5.2 Polymers Filled with Conjugated Conducting Polymers 2.6 References 3 Stimuli-responsive Polymers 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Solvent-responsive Polymers 3.3 Temperature-responsive Polymers 3.3.1 Temperature-responsive Polymers in Solution 3.3.2 Temperature-responsive Polymers on Surface 3.4 pH-responsive Polymers 3.5 Ionically Responsive Polymers 3.6 Electrically Responsive Polymers 3.7 Photoelectrochromism 3.8 PhotoresponsivePolymers 3.9 Biochromism 3.10 Photomodulation of Enzyme Activity 3.11 References 4 Dendrimers and Fullerenes 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Dendrimers 4.2.1 Synthesis 4.2.1.1 Divergent Approach 4.2.1.2 Convergent-growth Approach 4.2.1.3 Other Miscellaneous Approaches 4.2.2 Structure 4.2.2.1 Dendrimers with a Metal Core 4.2.2.2 Dendrimers with a Hollow Core 4.2.2.3 Dendrimers with a Hydrophobic Interior and Hydrophilic Exterior Layer 4.2.2.4 Dendrimers with Guest Molecules Trapped in their Cavities 4.2.2.5 Dendrimers with Different Terminal Groups 4.3 Fullerene C60 4.3.1 Chemistry of C60 4.3.1.1 Addition Reactions 4.3.1.2 Dimerization and Polymerization 4.3.2 Polymeric Derivatives of C60 4.3.2.1 Fullerene Charm Bracelets 4.3.2.2 Fullerene Pearl Necklaces 4.3.2.3 Flagellenes 4.4 References 5 Carbon Nanotubes 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Structure 5.3 Property 5.4 Synthesis 5.4.1 Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWNTs) 5.4.2 Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) 5.5 Purification 5.6 Microfabrication 5.6.1 Opening, Filling and Closing 5.6.2 Filling 5.6.3 Tip-closing 5.7 Chemical Modification 5.7.1 End-functionalization 5.7.1.1 Oxidation of Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.1.2 Covalent-Coupling via the Oxidized Nanotube Ends 5.7.2 Modification of Nanotube Outerwall 5.7.2.1 Sidewall Fluorination of Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.2.2 The Attachment of Dichlorocarbene to the Sidewall 5.7.2.3 Modification via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides 5.7.2.4 The Reaction Between Aniline and Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.3 Functionalization of Carbon Nanotube Innerwall 5.7.4 Other Physical Chemistries of Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.4.1 Modification of Carbon Nanotubes via Mechanochemical Reactions 5.7.4.2 Modification of Carbon Nanotubes via Electrochemical Reactions 5.7.4.3 Modification of Carbon Nanotubes via Photochemical Reactions 5.8 Non-covalen
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of the singlet and triplet states of the fullerenes, C60 and C70, have been investigated in toluene, benzene, hexane and ethanol solutions by pico-and nano-second laser flash photolysis techniques.
130 citations
TL;DR: D(5h)C(50)Cl(10) is predicted to have a high electron affinity and, hence, might serve as an electron-acceptor in photonic/photovoltaic applications and the computed IR, Raman, (13)C NMR and UV-vis spectra of this molecule agree well with the experimental data.
Abstract: Stimulated by the recent preparation and characterization of the first [50]fullerene derivative, decachlorofullerene[50] (Science 2004, 304, 699), we have performed a systematic density functional study on the electronic and spectroscopic properties of C50, its anions and derivatives such as C50Cl10 and C50Cl12. The ground state of C50 has D3 symmetry with a spheroid shape, and is highly aromatic; the best D5h C50 singlet is nonaromatic. Both D3 and D5h isomers of C50 have high electron affinities and can be reduced easily. Due to the unstable fused pentagon structural features, C50 is chemically labile and subject to addition reactions such as chlorination, dimerization and polymerization. The equatorial pentagon−pentagon fusions of D5h C50 are active sites for chemical reactions; hence, D5h C50 may behave as a multivalent group. The computed IR, Raman, 13C NMR and UV−vis spectra of the D5h C50Cl10 molecule agree well with the experimental data. Finally, D5h C50Cl10 is predicted to have a high electron a...
130 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the soot produced as a byproduct of fullerene synthesis by arc-evaporation consists of a microporous carbon with a surface area, after activation with carbon dioxide, of ca. 700 m2 g-1.
Abstract: The soot produced as a byproduct of fullerene synthesis by arc-evaporation consists of a microporous carbon with a surface area, after activation with carbon dioxide, of ca. 700 m2 g–1. Here, we investigate the structure of this material, and its appearance after electron irradiation and high-temperature heat treatment, using high-resolution electron microscopy. We show that the heat treatment transforms the new carbon into a structure containing large, tube-like pores, rather than into polycrystalline graphite. This suggests that the arc-evaporated carbon may have a novel, fullerene-related microstructure, and that it may be the precursor for nanotube formation.
130 citations