Functional polymers

About: Functional polymers is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1755 publications have been published within this topic receiving 53564 citations.

Polymeric Materials Encyclopedia, Twelve Volume Set

Abstract: Additives Biodegradable Polymers Biomaterials for the Body Biomimetic Materials Biosensors Blends Block Copolymers Block Copolymer Micelles Comb-like Polymers Commercial Resins, Plastics, Elastomers Composites Compatibilizers Conducting Polymers Contact Lens Materials Controlled Release Dendrictic Polymers Dendrimers Dental Polymers Immobilized Enzymes Electrorheological Fluids Engineering Plastics Ferroelectric Polymers Ferromagnetic Polymers Fillers Flame-Resistant Material Flocculants Fluorine-containing Polymers Functional Polymers Gas Barrier Polymers Gas Separation Membranes Gelling Agents Group Transfer Polymerization Cyclopolymerization Hair and Skin Care Polymers Hairy Rod-Like Polymers High Solids Coatings Host-Guest Chemistry Hydrophilic Polymers Hydrophilic Surfaces Hydrogels Hyper-Branched Polymers Immortal Polymerization Inclusion Polymerization Inorganic/Organic Hybrids Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Ionomers Ladder Polymers Liquid Crystalline Polymers Living Polymers (Radical, Cation, Anion, and Coordination) Macrocyclic Polymers Macromonomers Membranes Metallocene Catalysis Metal Complexation Polymers Microbial Polymers Microencapsulated particles Microspheres Molecular Assemblies Molecular Complexes Molecular Composites Molecular Recognition Monodisperse Particles Monodisperse Polymers Network Polymers New Catalysts Systems New Fabrics New Initiating Systems New Living Polymer Systems New Polymerization Methods New Resins Nonlinear Optical Materials Nonthrombogenic Polymers Nucleic Acid Analogs Olefin-Carbon Monoxide Copolymers Optically Active Polymers Organometallic Polymers Pervaporation Membranes Phase Transfer Catalysts Phosphorous-Containing Polymers Photochromic Polymers Photoinitiators New Polymer Systems Poly (Ether Ketone) Poly (Ether Sulfone) Polyelectrolytes Polyelectrolyte Complexes Polyesters Polyimides Polymers from Natural Resources Polysilanes Preceramic Polymers Recycling Ring-Opening Polymerization Smart Materials Star Polymers Supramolecular Assembly Surface Modification Polymeric Surfactants Suture Materials Thermoplastic Composites Thermoreversible Gels Water-Borne Coatings Ziegler-Natta Catalysts Zwitterionic Polymerization

Functional polymers and dendrimers: reactivity, molecular architecture, and interfacial energy

Abstract: The interaction of polymers with their environment depends largely on the functional groups they carry. Interfaces between different polymers or between polymers and other surfaces can be strengthened through the design of molecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding and through the control of polymer architecture. The placement of functional groups at polymer chain ends or in well-defined segments can determine the ultimate properties. Three-dimensional synthetic polymers such as dendrimers can be fashioned to encapsulate reactive sites or provide highly controlled surfaces and interfaces.

Radical addition-fragmentation chemistry in polymer synthesis

Abstract: This review traces the development of addition–fragmentation chain transfer agents and related ring-opening monomers highlighting recent innovation in these areas. The major part of this review deals with reagents that give reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT). These reagents include dithioesters, trithiocarbonates, dithiocarbamates and xanthates. The RAFT process is a versatile method for conferring living characteristics on radical polymerizations providing unprecedented control over molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, composition and architecture. It is suitable for most monomers polymerizable by radical polymerization and is robust under a wide range of reaction conditions. It provides a route to functional polymers, cyclopolymers, gradient copolymers, block polymers and star polymers.

Functional polymers by atom transfer radical polymerization

Abstract: Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is one of the most successful methods to polymerize styrenes, (meth)acrylates and a variety of other monomers in a controlled fashion, yielding polymers with molecular weights predetermined by the ratio of the concentrations of consumed monomer to introduced initiator and with low polydispersities. Because of its radical nature, ATRP is tolerant to many functionalities in monomers leading to polymers with functionalities along the chains. Moreover, the initiator used determines the end groups of the polymers. By using a functional initiator, functionalities such as vinyl, hydroxyl, epoxide, cyano and other groups have been incorporated at one chain end, while the other chain end remains an alkyl halide. The polymer can be dehalogenated in a one-pot process or the halogen end groups can be transformed to other functionalities using nucleophilic substitution reactions or electrophilic addition reactions. Moreover, utilizing the ability of the halogen chain end to be reactivated, radical addition reactions can be used to incorporate allyl end groups, insert one less reactive monomer unit at the chain end, or to end-cap the polymer chain. With ATRP, functionality and architecture can be combined resulting in multifunctional polymers of different compositions and shapes such as block copolymers, multiarmed stars or hyperbranched polymers.