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Galectin

About: Galectin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2076 publications have been published within this topic receiving 103409 citations. The topic is also known as: IPR001079 & Galectin.


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Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: Methods that are routinely performed in the laboratory to investigate the role of galectins in cell growth and apoptosis are described, including methods for cell isolation, cell maintenance, and genetic manipulations to perturb galectin gene expression.
Abstract: Galectins are a family of animal lectins with conserved carbohydrate-recognition domains that recognize β-galactosides. Despite structural similarities, these proteins have diverse functions in a variety of cellular processes. While a large number of extracellular functions have been demonstrated for galectins, the existence of intracellular functions has been clearly shown for a number of galectins, including regulation of cell growth and apoptosis; these latter functions may not involve glycan binding. There is considerable interest in intracellular regulation by galectins of cell growth and apoptosis, as these are fundamental cellular processes in normal homeostasis. Their dysregulation can cause pathologies such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, and neural degenerative diseases. Here we describe methods that we routinely perform in the laboratory to investigate the role of galectins in cell growth and apoptosis. These include methods for cell isolation, cell maintenance, and genetic manipulations to perturb galectin gene expression, as well as assays for cell growth and apoptosis.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The current data suggest that some of the differentially expressed proteins might increase apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which, in turn, may provide insight into the role of COX-2 in skin tumorigenesis.
Abstract: Exposure of murine skin to tumor-promoting agents such as 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) causes up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and increased prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 significantly reduces skin tumor development. However, we previously demonstrated that K14.COX-2 transgenic (TG) mice that overexpressed COX-2 in the epidermis were unexpectedly resistant to tumor development under the classical 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-TPA protocol. In the present study, we employed a proteomic approach of 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry to profile differentially expressed proteins in the epidermis of K14.COX-2 TG and wild-type control mice. Various 2-DE approaches were used to identify the maximum number of differentially expressed proteins: 20 for untreated samples, 3 for acetone-treated samples, and 22 for TPA-treated samples. These proteins include 14-3-3 sigma, numerous actin fragments, actin filament related proteins cofilin-1 and destrin, galectin-3, galectin-7, prohibitin, S100A6, S100A9, and many others. The differential expression of galectin-3, galectin-7, S100A9 was validated by Western blot analysis and/or immunohistochemical analysis. The current data suggest that some of the differentially expressed proteins might increase apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which, in turn, may provide insight into the role of COX-2 in skin tumorigenesis.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this study, the presence of galectin (Gal)-8 and -9 was investigated in 156 ovarian cancer samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Abstract: The evaluation of new prognostic factors that can be targeted in ovarian cancer diagnosis and therapy is of the utmost importance. Galectins are a family of carbohydrate binding proteins with various implications in cancer biology. In this study, the presence of galectin (Gal)-8 and -9 was investigated in 156 ovarian cancer samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Staining was evaluated using semi-quantitative immunoreactivity (IR) scores and correlated to clinical and pathological data. Different types of galectin expression were compared with respect to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Gal-8 served as a new positive prognostic factor for the OS and DFS of ovarian cancer patients. Gal-9 expression determined the DFS and OS of ovarian cancer patients in two opposing ways-moderate Gal-9 expression was correlated with a reduced outcome as compared to Gal-9 negative cases, while patients with high Gal-9 expression showed the best outcome.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of galectins in the biology of hematological malignancies and their promise as potential therapeutic agents in these diseases are reviewed.
Abstract: Galectins are family of galactose-binding proteins known to play critical roles in inflammation and neoplastic progression. Galectins facilitate the growth and survival of neoplastic cells by regulating their cross-talk with the extracellular microenvironment and hampering anti-neoplastic immunity. Here, we review the role of galectins in the biology of hematological malignancies and their promise as potential therapeutic agents in these diseases.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results thus document the feasibility of tailoring a human galectin for enhanced stability to aggregation as well as monoPEGylation, which enables further testing of biological properties including functionality as growth regulator and the rate of serum clearance.

23 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023182
2022176
2021107
2020120
201995
2018119