Topic
Galectin
About: Galectin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2076 publications have been published within this topic receiving 103409 citations. The topic is also known as: IPR001079 & Galectin.
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01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: A novel binding pattern unique in two carbohydrate ligands for one CRD was reported, which is observed from the structure of Gal-3 CRD complexed with glycan TFN, and the stereo-chemical analysis indicates that this doublet binding pattern may be suitable for some glycans with certain rather complicated constitutions, like branched structure.
Abstract: Galectins are a protein family with diverse biological functions, which are unique in specifically recognition and binding with 茁-galactosides as the primary structural basis for its functional performance. So far, all structurally characterized galectins display a conservative binding mode for the 茁-galactoside-containing carbohydrate ligands, in which one carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) binds only one ligand. Here a novel binding pattern unique in two carbohydrate ligands for one CRD was reported, which is observed from the structure of Gal-3 CRD complexed with glycan TFN. In this doublet binding sites, Site 1 and Site 2, two TFN molecules interact with the CRD domain via two hydrogen-bond networks mediated by certain water molecules, respectively. The mutagenesis analysis shows that one of the binding sites, Site 1, is basic and essential for the carbohydrate ligands with a conservative binding mode, which should be commonly existed in galectins. While, the other binding site (Site 2) is easily discarded in a small structural interference from a single-site mutation, which illustrates that it should be conditionally appeared to play an additional and auxiliary role in ligand binding. The stereo-chemical analysis indicates that this doublet binding pattern may be suitable for some glycans with certain rather complicated constitutions, like branched structure. The possible functional role of this doublet binding pattern is also discussed.
3 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: Using nanofiltration membranes for recovery of phosphorous with a second type of technology for the recovery of nitrogen is suggest to be a viable process.
Abstract: .................................................................................................................... 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 10 LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... 16 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................... 17
3 citations
TL;DR: A tumour case studied with a set of markers defining protein–carbohydrate recognition is reported, with results suggesting galectin-3 binding could be used to distinguish basal from suprabasal cells of squamous epithelial cells.
Abstract: Craniopharyngioma is a rare benign tumour originating from Rathke's pouch. This paper reports a tumour case studied with a set of markers defining protein-carbohydrate recognition. Expression of endogenous lectins and their reactive glycoligands is under differentiation-dependent control in many cell types. These parameters can be related to the degree of cell differentiation in tumours. Therefore, the expression patterns of endogenous lectins, namely galectins-1, -3, and -7, in the craniopharyngioma case were determined. Galectins-1 and -3 were also used to reveal glycoconjugates in cells and extracellular matrices, an approach that has heretofore relied largely on plant lectins. The staining pattern of craniopharyngioma is compared with that of two other types of ectodermally derived tumours, namely basal and squamous cell carcinomas. Clusters of polygonal and flattened cells with morphological characteristics of differentiated cells in the craniopharyngioma and the majority of poorly differentiated cells in squamous cell carcinomas were reactive with galectin-3. No binding of this probe was observed in cells of basal cell carcinomas and the majority of craniopharyngioma cells. In view of the lack of accessible binding in the basal layer of normal squamous epithelia where proliferative cells (including stem cells) are located, galectin-3 binding could be used to distinguish basal from suprabasal cells of squamous epithelial cells.
3 citations
TL;DR: Docking results obtained in this work proved to be a very good approximation for predicting binding affinity of novel galactosides, regarding the interglycosidic bond.
3 citations