Topic
Galectin
About: Galectin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2076 publications have been published within this topic receiving 103409 citations. The topic is also known as: IPR001079 & Galectin.
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TL;DR: The possibility that mucins, as heavily glycosylated proteins, might be among the functionally relevant galectin ligands in human trophoblast is considered, based on both published data and original research.
Abstract: In the course of embryo implantation extensive interaction of the trophoblast with uterine tissue is crucial for adequate trophoblast invasion. This interaction is highly controlled, and it has been pointed out that a specific glycocode and changes in glycosylation may be important for successful implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. Both uterine and trophoblast cells have been shown to express cell surface glycoconjugates and sugar binding proteins, such as mucins (MUC) and galectins (gals). An increasing number of studies have investigated potential candidates interacting in this process. However, knowledge about the biochemical nature of the interactions and their importance for trophoblast cell function, and, consequently, for pregnancy outcome are still lacking. This review is aimed at deliberating the possibility that mucins, as heavily glycosylated proteins, might be among the functionally relevant galectin ligands in human trophoblast, based on both published data and our original research.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of meth exposure on expression of intracellular and secreted galectins-1, -3, and -9 in HIV-1 infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM) using SWATH-MS, which was further followed by MRM targeted mass spectrometry validation.
Abstract: Macrophages are key elements of the innate immune system. Their HIV-1 infection is a complex process that involves multiple interacting factors and various steps and is further altered by exposure of infected cells to methamphetamine (Meth), a common drug of abuse in people living with HIV. This is reflected by dynamic changes in the intracellular and secreted proteomes of these cells. Quantification of these changes poses a challenge for experimental design and associated analytics. In this study, we measured the effect of Meth on expression of intracellular and secreted galectins-1, -3, and -9 in HIV-1 infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM) using SWATH-MS, which was further followed by MRM targeted mass spectrometry validation. Cells were exposed to Meth either prior to or after infection. Our results are the first to perform comprehensive quantifications of galectins in primary hMDM cells during HIV-1 infection and Meth exposure a building foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular pathology of hMDM resulting from viral infection and a drug of abuse-Meth.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Galectin 3 is shown to be O-GlcNAcylated, and that changes in O-glcNAc cycling alters its secretion, and there is a significant difference in the O-GLNAcylation status between cytoplasmic and secreted galectin3.
Abstract: Endomembrane glycosylation and cytoplasmic O-GlcNAcylation each play essential roles in nutrient sensing, and in fact, characteristic changes in glycan patterns have been described in disease states such as diabetes and cancer These changes in glycosylation have important functional roles and can drive disease progression However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying how these signals are integrated and transduced into biological effects Galectins are proteins that bind glycans that are secreted by a poorly characterized non-classical secretory mechanism Once outside the cell, galectins bind to terminal galactose residues of cell surface glycans and modulate numerous extracellular functions like clathrin independent endocytosis (CIE) Originating in the cytoplasm, galectins are predicted substrates for O-GlcNAc addition and removal This study shows that galectin 3 is O-GlcNAcylated, and that changes in O-GlcNAc cycling alters its secretion Moreover, we determined that there is a significant difference in O-GlcNAcylation status between cytoplasmic and secreted galectin 3 We observed dramatic alterations in galectin 3 secretion in response to nutrient conditions and that these changes were dependent on dynamic O-GlcNAcylation Finally, we showed that alterations in galectin 3 secretion via disrupted O-GlcNAcylation drove changes in CIE These results indicate that dynamic O-GlcNAcylation of galectin 3 plays a role in modulating its secretion and can tune its function of transducing nutrient sensing information coded in cell surface glycosylation into biological effects
2 citations
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TL;DR: Banfer and Jacob as mentioned in this paper introduce β-galactoside-binding lectins and their range of functions in multicellular organisms and introduce the concept of β-Galectins.
2 citations
Patent•
22 Aug 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a recombinant galectin 9 (rGal 9) was provided which exhibits an immune system-mediated action and a direct action on tumor cells (i.e., activity of inducing the intercellular adhesion and apoptosis of the tumor cells), thereby potent in inducing the inhibition of cancer metastasis and reduction.
Abstract: A recombinant galectin 9 (rGal 9) is provided which exhibits an immune system-mediated action and a direct action on tumor cells (i.e., activity of inducing the intercellular adhesion and apoptosis of the tumor cells), thereby potent in inducing the inhibition of cancer metastasis and reduction. Moreover, the rGal 9 exerts no efficacy on non-activated lymphocytes but can induce apoptosis in activated T cells, in particular, CD4-positive T cells causing an excessive immune response.
2 citations