Topic
Galectin
About: Galectin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2076 publications have been published within this topic receiving 103409 citations. The topic is also known as: IPR001079 & Galectin.
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TL;DR: Galectin-4 (Gal-4) is a member of the Galectin family, which have been identified as galactose-binding proteins as discussed by the authors, and it possesses two tandem repeat carbohydrate recognition domains and acts as a crosslinking bridge in sulfatide-dependent glycoprotein routing.
Abstract: Galectin-4 (Gal-4) is a member of the galectin family, which have been identified as galactose-binding proteins. Gal-4 possesses two tandem repeat carbohydrate recognition domains and acts as a cross-linking bridge in sulfatide-dependent glycoprotein routing. We herein document its upregulation in osteoarthritis (OA) in correlation with the extent of cartilage degradation in vivo. Primary human OA chondrocytes in vitro respond to carbohydrate-inhibitable Gal-4 binding with the upregulation of pro-degradative/-inflammatory proteins such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), as documented by RT-qPCR-based mRNA profiling and transcriptome data processing. Activation of p65 by phosphorylation of Ser536 within the NF-κB pathway and the effect of three p65 inhibitors on Gal-4 activity support downstream involvement of such signaling. In 3D (pellet) cultures, Gal-4 presence causes morphological and biochemical signs of degradation. Taken together, our findings strongly support the concept of galectins acting as a network in OA pathogenesis and suggest that blocking their activity in disease progression may become clinically relevant in the future.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the level of serum galectin-3 and interleukin-7 (Il-7) in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their association with disease activity as well as other disease parameters were investigated.
2 citations
TL;DR: The emergence of galectins as soluble mediators capable of triggering platelet activation opens a new field of research that will provide further insights into the mechanisms linking inflammatory responses to thrombus formation and could expand the view of the role of platelets much beyond hemostasis to their pathophysiologic role during inflammation and cancer.
Abstract: Platelets are anucleated blood cells derived from megakaryocytes, and although they are essential for proper hemostasis, their function extends to physiologic processes such as tissue repair, wound remodeling, and antimicrobial host defense, or pathologic conditions such as thrombosis, atherosclerosis, chronic inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Recently, we demonstrated that two structurally divergent members of the galectin family, galectin-1 and galectin-8, are potent platelet agonists. The emergence of galectins as soluble mediators capable of triggering platelet activation opens a new field of research that will provide further insights into the mechanisms linking inflammatory responses to thrombus formation and could expand our view of the role of platelets much beyond hemostasis to their pathophysiologic role during inflammation and cancer. The present article details the various protocols and reagents currently used in our laboratory to study the role of galectins in human platelet function.
2 citations
Patent•
20 Jan 1998TL;DR: In this paper, two human galectins (designated individually as GAL-5HA and GAL5HB) and polynucleotides were used to identify and encode GAL 5H.
Abstract: The present invention provides two novel human galectins (designated individually as GAL-5HA and GAL-5HB, and collectively as GAL-5H) and polynucleotides which identify and encode GAL-5H. The invention also provides genetically engineered expression vectors and host cells comprising the nucleic acid sequences encoding GAL-5H and a method for producing GAL-5H. The invention also provides for use of GAL-5H and agonists, antibodies, or antagonists specifically binding GAL-5H, in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with expression of GAL-5H. Additionally, the invention provides for the use of antisense molecules to polynucleotides encoding GAL-5H for the treatment of diseases associated with the expression of GAL-5H. The invention also provides diagnostic assays which utilize the polynucleotide, or fragments or the complement thereof, and antibodies specifically binding GAL-5H.
2 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This short review provides a framework and reference for understanding the structural classification, properties,ligands,retion pattern and function of the galectin.
Abstract: Lectins are proteins that bind to specific carbohydrate structures.As a large family of lectins, galectins have been found in various tissues and creatures, and evolved conservatively. Their functions are significant and involved in many biological processes such as cell adhesion,apoptosis and immune responses. Important advances are also being made in studies of galectins in many species. This short review provides a framework and reference for understanding the structural classification, properties,ligands,secretion pattern and function of the galectin.
2 citations