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Showing papers on "Gas compressor published in 1971"


Patent
15 Jul 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a gas turbine power plant having a modified gas turbine cycle (Brayton cycle) where the compressor inlet air is super-chilled before it enters the compressor is considered.
Abstract: A gas turbine power plant having a modified gas turbine cycle (Brayton cycle) wherein the compressor inlet air is super-chilled before it enters the compressor. Superchilling, as defined herein, means to supercharge the inlet air to increase the pressure thereof to a pressure level moderately greater than the atmospheric pressure and to chill the supercharged air to decrease the temperature thereof, the preferred temperature level being in the vicinity of about 40* Fahrenheit. A heat recovery cycle is provided to supply the energy necessary to superchill the compressor inlet air.

111 citations


Patent
Paul T Vickers1
11 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a regenerative gas turbine engine with combustion apparatus including a combustion liner has the compressor connected to the combustion apparatus so as to supply primarily air unheated by the regenerator to combustion zone of the liner and primarily air heated by the generator to the dilution zone, to reduce generation of oxides of nitrogen.
Abstract: A regenerative gas turbine engine with combustion apparatus including a combustion liner has the compressor connected to the combustion apparatus so as to supply primarily air unheated by the regenerator to the combustion zone of the liner and primarily air heated by the regenerator to the dilution zone of the liner, to reduce generation of oxides of nitrogen. The heated air also is used as film cooling air flowing along the inner surface of the combustion liner wall.

100 citations


Patent
14 Jan 1971
TL;DR: A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a turbine and a system for transmitting the drive from the turbine to the compressor is considered in this article, where the transmission system comprises at least one homopolar electrical machine connected to the turbine and operating as generator.
Abstract: A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a turbine and a system for transmitting the drive from the turbine to the compressor, wherein the transmission system comprises at least one homopolar electrical machine connected to the turbine and operating as generator, and at least one homopolar electrical machine connected to the compressor and operating as motor, wherein this motor is supplied with electrical current from the said generator.

95 citations


01 Nov 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, an axial flow compressor rotor was tested at design speed with six different casing treatments across the rotor tip, and radial surveys of pressure, temperature, and flow angle were taken at the rotor inlet and outlet.
Abstract: An axial flow compressor rotor was tested at design speed with six different casing treatments across the rotor tip. Radial surveys of pressure, temperature, and flow angle were taken at the rotor inlet and outlet. Surveys were taken at several weight flows for each treatment. All the casings treatments decreased the weight flow at stall over that for the solid casing. Radial surveys indicate that the performance over the entire radial span of the blade is affected by the treatment across the rotor tip.

74 citations


Patent
15 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In a combined gas-steam turbine power plant, part-load heat rate is improved by recirculating the boiler stack gas into the air inlet of the turbine compressor section as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In a combined gas-steam turbine power plant, part-load heat rate is improved by recirculating the boiler stack gas into the air inlet of the turbine compressor section.

65 citations


Patent
20 Apr 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a process and apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas wherein raw feedstock is cryogenically fractionated to remove essentially all of the carbon dioxide and C5 hydrocarbons therefrom, and wherein the liquid from the heat exchanger is expanded to reduce the pressure and further cool the liquid while at the same time flashing a minor gas fraction.
Abstract: A process and apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas wherein raw feedstock is cryogenically fractionated to remove essentially all of the carbon dioxide and C5 hydrocarbons therefrom, and wherein the cryogenically purified feedstock is cooled and liquefied under pressure in a cryogenic heat exchanger The pressurized cold liquid from the heat exchanger is isenthalpically expanded to reduce the pressure and further cool the liquid while at the same time flashing a minor gas fraction Refrigeration for the liquefaction of the natural gas is supplied by a circulating refrigerant stream which is compressed and workexpanded to obtain the necessary cooling The minor flash gas portion of the liquefaction step is commingled with the circulating refrigerant stream so that the analysis of the refrigerant stream is always rich in the lighter portions of the liquefaction stream, thus aiding in maintaining refrigeration temperature differentials to drive the liquefaction step The work-expanded refrigerant portion undergoes a compression cycle and is work-expanded in a series of expansion turbines The expansion turbines furnish at least part of the power necessary to drive the compressor system in the refrigerant gas cycle

64 citations


Patent
20 Dec 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a dual source of turbine cooling airflow was proposed for a gas turbine engine, where a portion of the high pressure compressor discharge airflow was directed to cool the most critical temperature areas of the turbine blade and a portion from the low pressure compressor interstage airflow was used to cool less critical temperature regions of the same turbine blade.
Abstract: Turbine blading for a gas turbine engine includes a dual source of turbine cooling airflow wherein a portion of the high pressure compressor discharge airflow is directed to cool the most critical temperature areas of the turbine blade and a portion of the low pressure compressor interstage airflow is directed to cool the less critical temperature areas of the same turbine blade. The invention herein described was made in the course of or under a contract or subcontract thereunder (or grant) with the Department of the Navy.

60 citations


Patent
16 Jun 1971
TL;DR: In this article, an automotive air conditioning system including a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator core over which air is directed and cooled for return to the passenger compartment of the car is described.
Abstract: An automotive air conditioning system including a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator core over which air is directed and cooled for return to the passenger compartment of the car. The evaporator core is maintained at approximately 32 DEG F. by the combined control of an expansion valve between the condenser and evaporator and a suction throttling valve between the evaporator and the inlet of the compressor. The expansion valve is controlled in response to the temperature of the outlet pipe of the evaporator core and the temperature of the outlet pipe from the suction throttling valve and the flow of refrigerant is metered through the valve to keep the core full of liquid refrigerant to assure maximum cooling efficiency. The suction throttling valve is controlled by sensing the temperature of the outlet pipe from the evaporator core and controlling a throttling piston by means of a transducer for converting electrical energy into mechanical movement of the throttling piston to maintain an evaporator pressure at a constant pressure of 29.5 psi plus or minus 0.5 psi to maintain tubes and fins of the evaporator core at approximately 32 DEG F.

56 citations


Patent
08 Nov 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a compressor protector system for externally monitoring the internal temperature of a compressor motor by monitoring the level of the current supplied to the motor and for discontinuing the supply of voltage to the motors when the current level is above or below a desired range of levels for a predetermined period of time.
Abstract: A compressor protector system for externally monitoring the internal temperature of a compressor motor by monitoring the level of the current supplied to the motor and for discontinuing the supply of voltage to the motor when the current level is above or below a desired range of levels for a predetermined period of time. The compressor protector system may also directly monitor high temperature conditions within the compressor and a single phasing condition of the three-phase supply to the compressor motor so as to discontinue the supply of voltage under such high temperature or single phasing conditions. The compressor protector system automatically rechecks after a predetermined period of time to determine if the particular fault which resulted in a continuing of the voltage supply has cleared and then automatically restarts the compressor if the fault has cleared. The system also prevents short cycling in that once the compressor has been turned off it cannot be restarted until after a predetermined period of time.

56 citations


Patent
22 Jun 1971
TL;DR: A turbo-compressor-pump unit utilizing a common working fluid in the turbine, compressor, pump, and as libricant is described in this article, where a dynamic sealing and bearing is used to maintain separation of the working fluid at different energy or pressure levels within the turbocompressor pump unit.
Abstract: A turbo-compressor-pump unit utilizing a common working fluid in the turbine, compressor, pump, and as libricant. A dynamic sealing and bearing means maintains separation of the working fluid at different energy or pressure levels within the turbocompressor-pump unit.

53 citations


Patent
20 May 1971
TL;DR: In this article, an extremely low-polluting turbine-powered vehicle consisting of a supercharged internal combustion engine operating under fuel-rich conditions, an interburner for completing the combustion of unburned fuel in the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engines, a gas turbine for utilizing the exhaust gas from the interburners for powering the vehicle, an air compressor driven by the engine and turbine for providing air under pressure to the inter-burner, and a gas reservoir for storing exhaust gas for later use in providing power to the turbine for the acceleration of the vehicle or
Abstract: An extremely low polluting turbine-powered vehicle comprises in combination a supercharged internal combustion engine operating under fuel-rich conditions, an interburner for completing the combustion of unburned fuel in the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine, a gas turbine for utilizing the exhaust gases from the interburner for powering the vehicle, an air compressor driven by the engine and turbine for providing air under pressure to the interburner, an air compressor driven by the engine and turbine for providing air under pressure for use by the internal combustion engine and by the interburner compressor, a gas reservoir for storing exhaust gas supplied from the interburner for later use in providing power to the turbine for the acceleration of the vehicle or initial operation thereof, and a heat exchange/storage device for abstracting heat from the exhaust gas supplied to the gas reservoir and for returning a substantial portion of this abstracted heat to the exhaust gas delivered from the gas reservoir to the gas turbine.

Patent
C Amann1
10 Nov 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a regenerative fuel-fired gas turbine power plant includes ducting and a valve to direct some of the engine exhaust into the engine inlet where it mixes with air flowing into the compressor of the generator.
Abstract: A regenerative fuel-fired gas turbine power plant includes ducting and a valve to direct some of the engine exhaust into the engine inlet where it mixes with air flowing into the compressor of the engine. This recirculation of exhaust gases is controlled so that it takes place substantially only during the warm-up period of the engine after it is started and brought up to idling speed, and until the regenerator has been brought to something like normal operating temperature. Recirculation volume is controlled by a temperature in the engine.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a two-stage transonic research compressor has been investigated experimentally over a range of tip relative Mach numbers up to 1.56 and the results show that the phenomenon is due to the propagation at supersonic relative tip speeds of the steady rotating pressure field associated with the first-stage rotor blades.
Abstract: The buzz-saw noise made by a two-stage transonic research compressor has been investigated experimentally over a range of tip relative Mach numbers up to 1.56. The results show that the phenomenon is due to the propagation at supersonic relative tip speeds of the steady rotating pressure field associated with the first-stage rotor blades. The flow entering the tip section of the rotor has been analyzed theoretically and the circumferential pressure fluctuations computed, with good agreement with near-field measurements. The analysis leads to a clearer understanding of the dependence of the noise on inlet Mach number and three-dimensional effects and indicates the types of rotor irregularity which will most influence the harmonic content.

Patent
04 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a multiple piston gas compressor for use in air conditioning systems for vehicles in which the inlet of the compressor receives a mixture of refrigerant gas and oil in suspension that is impinged upon a novel rotor or swash plate is described.
Abstract: A multiple piston refrigerant gas compressor for use in air conditioning systems for vehicles in which the inlet of the compressor receives a mixture of refrigerant gas and oil in suspension that is impinged upon a novel rotor or swash plate, whereby the oil suspended in the refrigerant is separated by the centrifugal action of the rotor or swash plate and is distributed to the respective areas of the compressor requiring lubrication. The excess oil, if any, is slung outwardly by centrifugal force against the walls of the compressor housing.

Patent
26 Aug 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method for bleding from one or several compressors in the engine for cooling engine components and providing a seal between the rotary and stationary assemblies of the several rotor systems, and in which means are additionally provided for compressor control.
Abstract: This invention relates to gas turbine engines, and, more particularly, to multishaft turbojet aero engines having a plurality of compressors and turbines, in which air is bled from one or several compressors in the engine for cooling engine components and for providing a seal between the rotary and stationary assemblies of the several rotor systems, and in which means are additionally provided for compressor control.

Patent
22 Nov 1971
TL;DR: In this article, an oil flooded screw compressor is used to separate the air and oil, and then the cooled air and the hot oil are passed through a heat exchanger which heats the air to a desired temperature for use and cools the oil to recirculation through the compressor.
Abstract: Air and oil are flowed through an oil flooded screw compressor which heats the air and oil, after which the air and oil are separated and the air is cooled to extract moisture therefrom. Then the cooled air and the hot oil are passed through a heat exchanger which heats the air to a desired temperature for use and cools the oil to a desired temperature for recirculation through the compressor.

Patent
25 Feb 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a method and combined apparatus for vaporizing liquefied natural gas and expanding the gas through a turbine for generating power is described, where the power available from natural gas expansion is augmented by power from a steam or gas turbine.
Abstract: A method and combined apparatus for vaporizing liquefied natural gas and expanding the gas through a turbine for generating power is described. The energy for heating the liquefied natural gas for vaporization is obtained by transferring heat from sea water or other saline water. The water, so cooled, is then passed to a vacuum freezing, vapor compression system for obtaining fresh water and brine. In another embodiment, cooling of sea water is obtained from cold natural gas already expanded through a first turbine for producing shaft horsepower. Energy for vaporizing and expanding the liquefied natural gas is obtained by transferring heat from compressed air. The air so cooled is liquefied and fractionated to produce liquid nitrogen and either liquid or gaseous oxygen. In both embodiments shaft horsepower from the turbines is coupled to the compressor of the vacuum freezing, vapor compression apparatus. The power available from natural gas expansion is augmented by power from a steam or gas turbine. Waste heat from the turbine is employed for distillation desalination. If desired, an electrical generator can be coupled to the turbines for providing peaking power.

Patent
14 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a jet propulsion power plant comprising in succession a compressor, a supplemental heating means, an expansion gas turbine, a main heating means and a magnetoplasmadynamic generator adapted to supply at least a part of the energy necessary for driving the compressor is described.
Abstract: A jet propulsion power plant comprising in succession a compressor, a supplemental heating means, an expansion gas turbine, a main heating means, and a magnetoplasmadynamic generator adapted to supply at least a part of the energy necessary for driving the compressor The compressor is driven by an electrical motor means electrically connected to the magnetoplasmadynamic generator and to a supplemental generator rotated by the expansion gas turbine

Patent
15 Nov 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a single fluid (air to air) refrigeration device which includes compressor and expander sections with a single heat exchanger disposed therebetween employing an open reversed Brayton cycle in operation is described.
Abstract: A single fluid (air to air) refrigeration device which includes compressor and expander sections with a single heat exchanger disposed therebetween employing an open reversed Brayton cycle in operation.

Patent
K Nakamura1
15 Dec 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a composite gas turbine set comprising a large main gas turbine and a small auxiliary gas turbine is disposed in parallel arrangement for the production of regenerative cycles, where a portion of the gas issued from a compressor of the main turbine set is applied to a compressor in the auxiliary turbine set.
Abstract: A composite gas turbine set comprising a large main gas turbine set and a small auxiliary gas turbine set disposed in parallel arrangement for the production of regenerative cycles. A portion of the gas issued from a compressor of the main gas turbine set is applied to a compressor of the auxiliary gas turbine set. The exhaust gas which has provided regeneration in the auxiliary gas turbine set is applied to the turbine of the main gas turbine set. The composite turbine set is arranged so as to minimize increases in fuel consumption under widely variable load conditions.

Patent
20 Jan 1971
TL;DR: A COMPRESSOR including an ESSENTIALLY SPHEROIDAL PISTON HAVING A BIASED SPHER OIDAL CROWN MEMBER ACTING AS A VALVE and MATING with a CUPOLA SHAPED CYLINDER HEAD was described in this article.
Abstract: A COMPRESSOR INCLUDING AN ESSENTIALLY SPHEROIDAL PISTON HAVING A BIASED SPHEROIDAL CROWN MEMBER ACTING AS A VALVE AND MATING WITH A CUPOLA SHAPED CYLINDER HEAD.

Patent
29 Nov 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the exhaust from a driver for compressors in the multi-component cycle to effect warming in the absorption refrigerant cycle was used to provide a unique combinational cooling sequence particularly useful for liquefication of natural gas.
Abstract: The invention provides a unique combinational cooling sequence particularly useful for liquefication of natural gas and employs a multi-component cooling cycle coupled to an absorption refrigerant cycle, and the invention utilizes the exhaust from a driver for compressors in the multi-component cycle to effect warming in the absorption refrigerant cycle.

Patent
25 Aug 1971
TL;DR: A gas turbine front fan engine comprises in flow series a plurality of compressors, combustion equipment and turbines, there being conduit means to receive air compressed by one of the compressors and the conduit directing the air firstly in heat exchange with at least one hollow outlet guide vane which extends across the fan duct of the engine as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: 1,244,340. Gas turbine ducted for engines. ROLLS-ROYCE Ltd. Dec. 9, 1969 [Dec.23, 1968], No. 61132/68. Headings F1G and F1J. A gas turbine front fan engine comprises in flow series a plurality of compressors, combustion equipment and a plurality of turbines, there being conduit means to receive air compressed by one of the compressors, the conduit directing the air firstly in heat exchange with at least one hollow outlet guide vane which extends across the fan duct of the engine and then in heat exchange with a relatively hotter part of the engine which is disposed downstream of the compressors. In the engine shown air is taken from the discharge of the HP compressor 47 and passed through line 64 to the outlet guide blades 60 in the ducted fan passage 43, the air flowing first outwardly through passages 62 and then inwardly through passages 61 of the blades, the cooled air then passing through line 65 to a high-pressure shaft bearing 66 for cooling thereof.

Patent
08 Feb 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a multiple-phase ejector refrigeration system including capacity controls allowing part-load operation is described, where the capacity is varied by controlling the flow of liquid refrigerant from a condenser into the nozzle of the multiple phase ejector, which has the effect of increasing the suction pressure at a compressor, connected to an evaporator, above the pressure at the outlet of the cooling coil.
Abstract: A multiple-phase ejector refrigeration system including capacity controls allowing part-load operation. The capacity is varied by controlling the flow of liquid refrigerant from a condenser into the nozzle of the multiple-phase ejector. This has the effect of increasing the suction pressure at a compressor, connected to an evaporator, above the pressure at the outlet of the cooling coil, thus reducing the compression ratio at which the compressor must operate, and regardless of the actual percentage of load at which the system may be operating at a given time and despite any changes in the speed of the compressor in response to compression ratio differences.

Patent
19 Mar 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the second stage compressor vanes form discharge passages for the mixture of air and combustion products in a radial turbine engine, where the air is heated and accelerated by discharge of combustion products from fuel burners.
Abstract: Intake air undergoes two stage compression within a pair of coaxially mounted, counter-rotating rotors of a radial turbine engine and is tangentially discharged into a turbine mounted by one of the rotors. The air is heated and accelerated by discharge of combustion products from fuel burners mounted on the second stage compressor vanes in the other of the rotors to produce reaction thrust. Extensions of some of the second stage compressor vanes form discharge passages for the mixture of air and combustion products.

Patent
12 Apr 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a closed circuit with a compressor, heater, expander, and cooler is used to control the pulsating flow of a working gas about the closed circuit, and an interchanger is included in the circuit to allow use of a low expansion ratio with a high ratio of extreme temperatures.
Abstract: A compressor, heater, expander and cooler are connected to form a closed circuit. Valves control the pulsating flow of a working gas about this circuit. An interchanger may be included in the circuit to allow use of a low expansion ratio with a high ratio of extreme temperatures. Relatively large volumes of heater and cooler may be used. Power output is controlled by altering valve timing. Alternately, power output may be controlled by the use of auxiliary chambers and altering the mass of working gas in the circuit.

Patent
13 Oct 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a high temperature gas turbine diverts air compressed by the compressor of the engine for cooling the turbine nozzle vanes to provide a jet flap effect and thus reduce the effective area of the nozzle.
Abstract: A high temperature gas turbine diverts air compressed by the compressor of the engine for cooling the turbine nozzle vanes. These vanes have laminated walls with passages through the walls for cooling the vane walls. The vanes also have slots adjacent the trailing edge for blowing air toward adjacent vanes to provide a jet flap effect and thus reduce the effective area of the nozzle. The air diverted from the compressor is controlled so as to direct all the air for cooling at maximum engine rating and to use some of the air for jet flap purposes and correspondingly reduce the cooling air at lower power operation of the engine.

Patent
01 Oct 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a synchronous self-shifting clutch with a lock arranged for overrunning when the motor/generator rotates in its normal direction of rotation relative to the pump or air compressor is introduced.
Abstract: In electrical power generating plant of the pumped storage type comprising a hydraulic turbine, a motor/generator and a storage pump, or of the air storage type comprising a gas turbine, a motor/generator and an air compressor, the times of change-over between the generating mode and the pumping or compressing mode are shortened by providing, between the motor/generator and the pump or compressor a synchronous self-shifting clutch with lock arranged for overrunning when the motor/generator rotates in its normal direction of rotation relative to the pump or air compressor and for engagement when the motor/generator tends to rotate in the reverse direction relative to the pump or the air compressor.

Patent
25 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the starting system of a gas-turbine installation includes a compressed-air reservoir adapted to be charged by one or both of the compressors during normal operation of the system and capable of stirring a volume of air under such pressure that the gasifier may communicate with the reservoir to generate sufficient hot combustion gases to drive the turbine.
Abstract: A gas-turbine installation having a pressurized-air hot-gas generator in which a fuel is reacted with the pressurized air, has a high-pressure turbine-driven compressor and a low-pressure turbine-driven compressor in tandem to supply the compressed air for the gasifier, the turbines being operated by the expanding combustible gases from the gasifier. One or both of the turbines may be provided with electrical generators and/or with starting motors and a steam-generating cycle may be provided for operation by the heat of the combustible gases. The starting system of the invention includes a compressed-air reservoir adapted to be charged by one or both of the compressors during normal operation of the system and capable of stirring a volume of air under such pressure that, for starting the system, the gasifier may communicate with the reservoir to generate sufficient hot combustion gases to drive the turbine.

Patent
J Lawser1
02 Mar 1971
TL;DR: A gas liquid separator for use in a refrigeration circuit having a rotary compressor in which oil is mixed with refrigerant as the latter is circulated through the refrigeration cycle is described in this paper, where the separator being situated between the compressor and the condenser portion of the cycle and including a swirl chamber for receiving the compressed refrigeration gas and oil mixture whereby the oil is centrifuged from the gas, collected and returned through an oil port to the inlet side of the compressor for recycling.
Abstract: A gas liquid separator for use in a refrigeration circuit having a rotary compressor in which oil is mixed with refrigerant as the latter is circulated through the refrigeration cycle, said separator being situated between the compressor and the condenser portion of the cycle and including a swirl chamber for receiving the compressed refrigeration gas and oil mixture whereby the oil is centrifuged from the gas, collected and returned through an oil port to the inlet side of the compressor for recycling.