Showing papers on "Gas compressor published in 1972"

Energy conversion system

Abstract: An energy conversion system, particularly for use in heating, cooling, and generating electrical and mechanical power for an area such as a dwelling. In one embodiment, vapor is alternately directed into one of two reservoir tanks so that working fluid in that tank is forced out of that tank by the vapor pressure and through a hydraulic motor, which powers a compressor and/or other devices such as an electrical power generator, garbage disposal, etc., before it returns to refill the other tank. The system includes a closed loop circuit involving a heat pump compressor for circulating fluid to heat and cool air within a building or the like. When the loop is set in a cooling configuration, compressed fluid passes through a first heat exchanger rejecting heat, and then through an expansion valve to a second heat exchanger, cooling the air about that exchanger before returning to the compressor. When the loop is set in a heating configuration, the compressed fluid in its gaseous state passes first through the second heat exchanger, where it transmits heat to the surrounding air, through the expansion valve and then through the first exchanger, where it receives heat not converted into shaft work by the hydraulic motor before returning to the compressor.

System and method for operating industrial gas turbine apparatus and gas turbine electric power plants preferably with a digital computer control system

Abstract: A gas turbine power plant is provided with an industrial gas turbine which drives a rotating brushless exciter generator coupled to a power system through a breaker. One or more of the turbine-generator plants are operated by a hybrid digital computer control system during sequenced startup, synchronizing, load, and shutdown operations. The program system for the computer and external analog circuitry operate in a multiple gas turbine control loop arrangement. Logic macro instructions are employed in programming the computer for logic operations of the control system.

Self-balancing low temperature refrigeration system

Abstract: Extremely low temperatures, in the range of -40*F. to -300*F., are achieved in a single circuit compression refrigeration system which is capable of being operated by a conventional compressor without the aid of special start-up or stand-by equipment. The system relies upon a series of intermediate cooling stages in which each stage includes the steps of withdrawing a portion of the liquid condensate from a compressed vapor-liquid refrigerant mixture which enters that stage, throttling the withdrawn condensate to a lower pressure, mixing the throttled condensate with refrigerant being recycled to the compressor from the final evaporator and evaporating the throttled condensate to absorb heat from and at least partially condense the compressed unconcensed vapor in the compressed mixture.

Combustor casing and concentric air bleed structure

Abstract: Combustor casing and bleed structure provides a concentric flow path for compressor discharge and intermediate stage air from a turbofan engine compressor to an outer cowling defining the fan flow path. Concentric tubes are respectively mounted to a support cone, which includes a plurality of outlet guide vanes, and to an outer casing, which partially defines the fan flow path. External piping is thus limited to the concentric tubes and potential losses due to interference with the fan flow are avoided.

Combined variable angle stator and windmill control system

Abstract: A gas turbine engine is provided with a combined variable angle stator and windmill brake control system for simultaneous variation of the angles of a multiplicity of stages of variable compressor stator vanes together with independent means for closing off the airflow through the aft most row of variable stator vanes to brake windmilling of the engine in the event that the engine should become inoperative.

Compressed air engine

Abstract: Compressed air engine having an auxiliary air compressor for building up to a minimum a predetermined air pressure in a compressed air supply tank which feeds air through an engine RPM control valve for the engine pistons. Upon reaching the minimum air pressure, the electric motor is cut off and the auxiliary compressor is simultaneously engaged with the crankshaft to continue to build up to a maximum predetermined air pressure level and maintain this level for operation of the engine. A main recycle air compressor is provided for recycling. The multicylinder four-cycle combustion engine motor block may be converted into a four-cycle compressor for the system, and hydraulic means may also be used as a force-multiplying means for operation of the crankshaft.

Large-time-bandwidth-product surface-wave pulse compressor employing reflective gratings

Abstract: A novel dispersive delay line with a time-bandwidth product in excess of 1500 has been developed. The device uses the reflection of elastic surface waves from sputter-etched gratings on LiNbO3. This reflective-array compressor is relatively free of the spurious signals which limit the performance of inter-digital transducer arrays.

Gas dynamic lasers

Abstract: In a high powered laser system it is proposed that combustion gases be bled off from a gas turbine engine and their composition adjusted by burning extra fuel in the bleed gases or adding extra substances. Suitable aerodynamic expansion produces a population inversion resulting in laser action in the CO2 species. Alternatively, bleed gases may be taken from the high pressure compressor of the gas turbine engine and an appropriate fuel burnt therein. If required, other adjustments may also be made to the composition and the resulting gaseous mixture subjected to aerodynamic expansion to induce laser action as before.

Cascaded multicircuit,multirefrigerant refrigeration system

Abstract: A refrigeration system having two or more closed refrigerant circuits in which each circuit has a compressor, a condenser connected to the compressor outlet, a high-pressure line connecting the condenser to an evaporator and a low-pressure line returning from the evaporator to the compressor inlet and in which each circuit after the first has at least one vapor-liquid separator in the high-pressure line and is charged with a mixture of refrigerants. The evaporator of each circuit is in heat exchange with the high-pressure line of the next successive circuit at a point downstream of the first separator therein. The system enables very low temperatures to be reached in the evaporator of the final circuit with conventional, relatively low-pressure, oil-lubricated compressors being used throughout.

Power-generating plant using a combined gas- and steam-turbine cycle

Abstract: Power-generating plant using a combined gas- and steam-turbine cycle. The plant comprises a reservoir in which cold air under pressure is stored during off-peak hours for being used during peak-hours to supply, in parallel with compressors, the gas turbine of the plant. A liquefaction and distillation unit is used on the supplying air circuit with a view to supply the steam boiler with air enriched with oxygen and the gas turbine with a mixture of air and nitrogen.

Noise reduction means for connecting refrigerant compressors in air conditioners

Abstract: A refrigerant compressor in an air conditioning unit is connected to the base pan of the unit and to the refrigerant system to reduce transmission of compressor vibration to the base pan and to attenuate the dominant sound wave in the refrigerant lines produced by the pulsating refrigerant. The means employed include coil springs and elastomeric mounts for the compressor to the base pan and a hollow cylinder connected to the compressor''s outlet.

Fluidized bed powerplant with helium circuit, indirect heat exchange and compressed air bypass control

Abstract: A power unit consists basically of two gas turbine engines. In the first which is a closed cycle the working fluid (helium) is heated by passing it through a duct embedded in a fluidized bed. The exhaust gas is passed through a conventional heat exchanger before being returned to the compressor. In the second engine, consisting of a compressor and a turbine, air from the compressor is passed through the particulate material of the fluidised bed with fuel which maintains combustion in the fluidised bed. The exhaust gas from the turbine of the second engine is passed through a conventional heat exchanger and then to atmosphere. The two engines each drive an alternator.

Air cleaner for supercharged engines

Abstract: An air cleaner assembly is provided for supercharged engines including a supercharger and turbocharger compressor, comprising a vortex air cleaner upstream of the supercharger and turbocharger compressor, and a barrier filter downstream of the supercharger and turbocharger compressor.

Rotary compressor with capacity modulation

Abstract: A rotary refrigerant compressor comprising a compression cylinder, a rotor eccentrically rotatable in the cylinder, suction and discharge ports communicating with the cylinder and a vane slidably mounted in a slot in the cylinder wall between the ports dividing the cylinder into high and low pressure sides includes means for modulating the compressor capacity. The modulation means comprises a bore communicating with the cylinder at a point intermediate the suction and discharge ports and having a modulating port on a side wall of the bore connected to the suction port. The modulating port is opened or closed by means of a plunger slidably mounted in the bore to modulate the compressor capacity.

System for controlling the supply of air to an internal combustion engine

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for controlling the supply of air to an internal combustion engine having a supercharging unit which includes an exhaust turbine and a compressor driven thereby, there being arranged in an exhaust line between the engine and the supercharging unit an afterburner to which is fed fresh air from the compressor of the supercharging unit and fuel supplied from a fuel pump. According to the present invention an electrically driven air pump is arranged to feed supplementary air to the afterburner, and also recirculation means are provided for returning a portion of the exhaust gases from the afterburner to the engine via the exhaust turbine. In this way the torque characteristic of the engine is improved, and also the content of contaminating solid products in the exhaust gases is reduced.

Multiple compressor refrigeration system

Abstract: A multiple compressor refrigeration system having at least first and second hermetic shell compressors with the suction line of the system connected into the upper portion of the first compressor shell and a suction line extending from within the upper portion of the first compressor shell to within the upper portion of the shell of the second compressor and with the discharge lines of the first and second compressors connected in parallel to the high pressure line of the system. An oil equalizing conduit is connected between the crankcase portions of the shells of the first and second compressors at the height of the minimum desired oil level to be maintained in the first compressor when both compressors are running with normal quantities of oil in the system.

Turbojet engine for vertical or short take-off and landing airplanes

Abstract: A turbojet engine arrangement, especially for use with vertical or short take-off and landing airplanes of the type having jet deflector devices separate from the basic engine thrust nozzle for amplifying thrust and lift at least during take-off and landing of the airplane. The arrangement includes a low-pressure turbine arranged downstream of the exhaust gas stream of the basic engine which is connected to a low pressure compressor arranged upstream of the forward most compressor of the basic engine. Control flaps are provided in the exhaust gas stream for selectively directing the basic engine exhaust gas stream to and away from the low pressure turbine. At least a portion of the air outlet of the low pressure compressor is directed to said deflector devices for amplifying thrust and lift when the exhaust gas stream is in communication with the low pressure turbine. In order to minimize disruption of inlet air to the basic engine, the low pressure compressor blades are pivotable into a neutral position, or alternatively are arranged outwardly of the inlet to the basic engine at the ends of non-flow disrupting radially extending spokes. Additional heating means for heating the exhaust gases leading to the low pressure turbine may also be provided.

Design and fabrication of the Brayton rotating unit

Abstract: The Brayton rotating unit (BRU), operating on a gas bearing system, has been designed, fabricated, and demonstrated for use in a closed Brayton cycle space power conversion system. The BRU uses a binary mixture of xenon and helium (molecular weight, 83.8) as the cycle working fluid and bearing lubricating medium and was designed to produce from 2.25 to 10.5 kw sub e of 1200 Hz three-phase electrical power. The single-shaft rotating assembly operates at a design speed of 36,000 rpm and comprises a radial single-stage compressor, a four-pole Rice alternator rotor, and a radial inflow turbine. Four units, a dynamic simulator and three component research packages, were supplied to the NASA Lewis Research Center for performance testing and further development.

Inlet, filter and noise suppressor enclosure for compressing apparatus

Abstract: A composite inlet, filter and noise suppressor enclosure to be connected to apparatus for compressing air or gas includes at least one compartment lined with sound absorbing material having an inlet passage for the air or gas to be compressed with which a single or multi-stage filter coacts, an outlet passage which communicates with the suction inlet of the compressor in the compressing apparatus, and a by-pass conduit for delivering compressed air or gas from the compressing apparatus for recycling the same through the chamber and the outlet passage back to the compressor. The chamber in addition to said sound absorbing material having means therein for both suppressing or silencing the air or gas flowing from the inlet through the chamber to the compressor or from the by-pass and blow-off system through the chamber to the compressor. The enclosure further provided with simple access means for replacement of the filter elements. Additionally, the combination of the enclosure above described with an enclosure for housing all compressor control system components, meters, etc.

Room air conditioner having compressor with variable capacity and control therefor

Abstract: A room air conditioner with a compressor having variable capacity is provided by the invention, with the variable capacity automatically adjusted to balance with the refrigeration load of the space being cooled. A movable valve progressively opens a portion of the compressor cylinder to the suction side of the system so that a progressively reduced volume of active cylinder is available for compression. The volume available for compression is automatically proportioned by a control arrangement which is actuated by the temperature of the space being cooled.

Oil return system for refrigeration apparatus

Abstract: Apparatus for assuring return of oil separated from refrigerant in a vapor cycle refrigeration system. Means are provided for positively effecting flow of oil from a lower pressure reservoir into a crankcase of a compressor which is normally maintained at a higher pressure. Such means may take the form of an eductor powered by flow of lubricating oil in a closed circuit with respect to the compressor.

Regenerative air-cooled gas turbine engine

Abstract: A regenerative air-cooled gas turbine engine, particularly applicable to and adequately clean burning for automotive and like applications requiring small size at a power rating in the 100-400 h.p. range. The engine is characterized by having the compressor, combustor, drive and power turbines, and regenerator all concentric with the longitudinal axis. The cool air supplied from the compressor to the regenerator passes in a tubular shroud-like flow which surrounds all but the compressor end of the engine and thus encloses the hot section of the engine. Cool air direct from the compressor output is ducted to the combustor and pre-mixed with run fuel supplied by a slinger which separately introduces run fuel and start/idle fuel, the pressure of the latter being boosted by a damper bearing acting as a fuel pump. Simplicity and low manufacturing cost are achieved by having substantially all gas flow confining surfaces in the form of surfaces of revolution. Cooling of nozzle vanes and the drive turbine impeller blades by air ducted from the tubular flow allows turbine gas inlet temperatures of 2,200* F. and higher. The regenerator is of the rotary disc type and has low cost, easily maintained non-rubbing seals.

Rotary chamber-type compressor

Abstract: A motor-compressor assembly of the accessible hermetic type has a substantially cylindrical casing containing an axial shaft which is direct-driven by an internal electric motor The motor is located at one end of the assembly and the shaft projects through one or more rotary chamber-type compressor sections each having a stationary body defining a chamber contaianing a rotor which is driven by the shaft Stationary plates at each end of each compressor body conduct the fluid to and from the compressing means and an unloading mechanism is shown carried thereby for varying the output of the compressor The casing structure is shown as formed by a stacked and bolted assembly of a plurality of bodies and divider plates attached to a motor housing The induction system embodies large volume, hollowed interiors of the rotors and large volume suction gas chambers in the divider plates to transfer suction fluid to the chambers at high volumetric flow rates with low pressure drop

Compound brayton-cycle engine

Abstract: A system is disclosed incorporating a reciprocating-piston compressor and drive arrangement for converting a portion of the heat of a working fluid to attain a pressure increase, with the resulting working fluid supplied to a turbine. As disclosed, the reciprocating structure is a free-piston engine with the compressor piston and drive-engine piston an integral structure. The housing of the free-piston structure incorporates cooling structure, for example so that the reciprocating compressor may approach isothermal operation. As disclosed, working fluid is heated to drive the free-piston engine, exhausting to drive the turbine which supplies mechanical output power. Also as disclosed, the turbine drives a rotary compressor or supercharger, which supplies intake fluid to the free-piston compressor, the output of which supplies the heater.

Rotary compressor with oil cooling

Abstract: In a rotary-type compressor for a refrigeration plant, a lubricating oil cooling system which utilizes a portion of the condensed refrigerant as coolant for the oil and feeds back the refrigerant to the compressor at a point where the pressure levels of the compressor and the returning refrigerant are substantially equal.

Control system for refrigeration compressor

Abstract: A refrigeration control system for a closed vapor cycle refrigeration circuit includes means for sensing the inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the evaporator coil to provide a superheat signal. The temperature in the controlled space is compared against a set point temperature to provide a control signal. The superheat and control signals are compared to produce a modulating signal for regulating the compressor operation. A trigger circuit overrides the superheat signal when the system is started, at which time there is no temperature difference across the evaporator coil. A limit circuit overrides the control signal to provide zero capacity output of the system when the superheat equals zero.

Fluid power drive system

Abstract: A fluid power drive system supplying pressurized fluid for operating pneumatic motors or other fluid responsive devices using a fluid compressor and turbine engine to develop pressurized fluid, the exhaust fluid from the turbine providing power for such pneumatic motors. The external work required to drive the compressor and turbine engine may be supplemented using a regenerative feedback apparatus including a second compressor and turbine combination of an idle turbine, each being driven by excess pressurized fluid not required by the pneumatic motors and released by a variable pressure relief mechanism.

Analytical correlation of centrifugal compressor design geometry for maximum efficiency with specific speed

Abstract: Centrifugal compressor performance was examined analytically to determine optimum geometry for various applications as characterized by specific speed. Seven specific losses were calculated for various combinations of inlet tip-exit diameter ratio, inlet hub-tip diameter ratio, blade exit backsweep, and inlet-tip absolute tangential velocity for solid body prewhirl. The losses considered were inlet guide vane loss, blade loading loss, skin friction loss, recirculation loss, disk friction loss, vaneless diffuser loss, and vaned diffuser loss. Maximum total efficiencies ranged from 0.497 to 0.868 for a specific speed range of 0.257 to 1.346. Curves of rotor exit absolute flow angle, inlet tip-exit diameter ratio, inlet hub-tip diameter ratio, head coefficient and blade exit backsweep are presented over a range of specific speeds for various inducer tip speeds to permit rapid selection of optimum compressor size and shape for a variety of applications.

Air intake for a gas turbine engine

Abstract: The air intake lip of a gas turbine engine is made movable so as to make possible an increase in its contraction ratio. The movement is achieved in a manner which maintains the air intake throat area and position substantially constant, thus avoiding changes in air flow characteristics between the throat plane and compressor face.